Self-Trapping of Bose-Einstein Condensates in an Optical Lattice: the Effect of the System Dimension

In the present paper, we investigate the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) loaded into an deep optical lattice of 1D, 2D and 3D, both analytically and numerically. We focus on the self-trapping state and the effect of the system dimension. Under the tight-binding approximation we obtain an analytical criterion for the self-trapping state of BEC using time-dependent variational method. The phase diagram for self-trapping, soliton, breather, or diffusion of the BEC cloud is obtained accordingly and verified by directly solving the discrete Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) numerically. In particular, we find that the criterion and the phase diagrams are modified dramatically by the dimension of the lattices.Comment: 8pages, 9 figure

Bis[2-(2-fur­yl)-1-(2-furylmeth­yl)-1H-benzimidazole-κN 3]diiodidocadmium

In the title complex, [CdI2(C16H12N2O2)2], the CdII atom is located on a twofold rotation axis and is four-coordinated by two N atoms from symmetry-related 2-(2-fur­yl)-1-(2-furyl­meth­yl)-1H-benzimidazole ligands and two I atoms in a distorted tetra­hedral configuration. The benzimidazole rings in adjacent mol­ecules are parallel, with an average inter­planar distance of 3.486 Å. The I atom is disordered over two sites in a 0.85 (5):0.15 (5) ratio

Mining of novel thermo-stable cellulolytic genes from a thermophilic cellulose-degrading consortium by metagenomics

published_or_final_versio

Bis[4-(2-hy­droxy­benzyl­idene­amino)­benzoato-κO 1]tetra­kis­(methanol-κO)cadmium

In the title mononuclear complex, [Cd(C14H10NO3)2(CH3OH)4], the Cd2+ cation is situated on an inversion centre. It exhibits a distorted octa­hedral coordination, defined by two carboxyl­ate O atoms from two monodentate anions and by four O atoms from four methanol mol­ecules. The crystal structure comprises intra­molecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N, and inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The latter help to construct a layered structure extending parallel to (100)

Glass matrix composite material prepared with waste foundry sand

The technology of glass matrix of the composite material manufactured through a sintering process and using waste foundry sand and waste glass as the main raw materials was studied. The effects of technological factors on the performance of this material were studied. The results showed that this composite material is formed with glass as matrix, core particulate as strengthening material, it has the performance of glass and ceramics, and could be used to substitute for stone

Azido­{2-[bis­(2-hy­droxy­eth­yl)amino]­ethano­lato-κ4 N,O,O′,O′′}cobalt(II)

In the title complex, [Co(C6H14NO3)(N3)] or [Co(teaH2)N3], the CoII atom resides in a trigonal–bipymidal O3N2 environment formed by three O atoms and one N atom from a simply deprotonated tetra­dentate triethano­lamine ligand, and one N atom from an azide ligand. The O atoms define the equatorial plane whereas both N atoms are in axial positions. The mononuclear units are linked through O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions between the ethanol OH groups and the ethano­late O atom of a neighbouring complex into chains running parallel to [010]

An open-ocean forcing in the East China and Yellow seas

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2010. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 115 (2010): C12056, doi:10.1029/2010JC006179.Recent studies have demonstrated that the annual mean barotropic currents over the East China and Yellow seas (ECYS) are forced primarily by the oceanic circulation in the open-ocean basin through the Kuroshio Current (KC), the western boundary current of the subtropical gyre in the North Pacific Ocean. The local wind stress forcing plays an important but secondary role. Those previous results were mainly qualitative and from a simple barotropic model forced by a steady wind stress field. They remain to be tested in a more complete 3-D model with both wind stress and buoyancy fluxes. In addition, the seasonal variability of major ECYS currents may involve different forcing mechanisms than their annually averaged fields do, and this can only be addressed when a seasonally varying forcing is used in the model. In this paper, we will address these issues by using a 3-D baroclinic model. Our results confirm the finding from the previous studies that the KC is the primary forcing mechanism for major annually mean currents in the ECYS, which include the Taiwan Strait Current, the Tsushima Warm Current, and the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC), etc. However, the local monsoonal forcing plays a prominent role in modulating the seasonal variability of all major currents in the region. A deep northwestward intrusion of the YSWC in winter, for instance, is mainly due to a robustly developed China Coastal Current and Korea Coastal Current, which draw water along the Yellow Sea Trough to feed the southward flows along the west and east coasts of the Yellow Sea.This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2005CB422302), the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (2006DFB21250), the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (B07036), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41006003), and the U.S. National Science Foundation

Anti-hyperprolactinemic effect of Ficus pumila Linn extract in rats

Purpose: To investigate the anti-hyperprolactinemic effect of Ficus pumila Linn. extract (FPLE) in rats.Methods: Hyperprolactinemic rats were generated by subcutaneous injection of metoclopramide dihydrochloride (50 mg/kg). A high dose (800 mg/kg), moderate dose (400 mg/kg), or low dose (200 mg/kg) of FPLE was administered into the stomach of hyperprolactinemic rats for 30 days, after which serum sex hormones and pituitary prolactin-positive cell number and mRNA expression were measured.Results: FPLE had a significant effect on measures of hyperprolactinemia. Compared with hyperprolactinemic rats without FPLE treatment, hyperprolactinemic rats that received a high dose of FPLE showed altered serum estradiol, progesterone,  prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone levels (p < 0.05), as well as decreased pituitary prolactin-positive cell number (p < 0.05) and mRNA expression (p < 0.05).Conclusion: FPLE can potentially be used as an anti-hyperprolactinemia treatment but further studies are required to ascertain its suitability.Keywords: Ficus pumila, Hyperprolactinemia, Prolactin, Metoclopramide, Estradiol, Follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones, Sex hormone

mGluR5 antagonism inhibits cocaine reinforcement and relapse by elevation of extracellular glutamate in the nucleus accumbens via a CB1 receptor mechanism.

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonism inhibits cocaine self-administration and reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this action are poorly understood. Here we report a presynaptic glutamate/cannabinoid mechanism that may underlie this action. Systemic or intra-nucleus accumbens (NAc) administration of the mGluR5 antagonist 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP) dose-dependently reduced cocaine (and sucrose) self-administration and cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior. The reduction in cocaine-taking and cocaine-seeking was associated with a reduction in cocaine-enhanced extracellular glutamate, but not cocaine-enhanced extracellular dopamine (DA) in the NAc. MPEP alone, when administered systemically or locally into the NAc, elevated extracellular glutamate, but not DA. Similarly, the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, rimonabant, elevated NAc glutamate, not DA. mGluR5s were found mainly in striatal medium-spiny neurons, not in astrocytes, and MPEP-enhanced extracellular glutamate was blocked by a NAc CB1 receptor antagonist or N-type Ca++ channel blocker, suggesting that a retrograde endocannabinoid-signaling mechanism underlies MPEP-induced glutamate release. This interpretation was further supported by our findings that genetic deletion of CB1 receptors in CB1-knockout mice blocked both MPEP-enhanced extracellular glutamate and MPEP-induced reductions in cocaine self-administration. Together, these results indicate that the therapeutic anti-cocaine effects of mGluR5 antagonists are mediated by elevation of extracellular glutamate in the NAc via an endocannabinoid-CB1 receptor disinhibition mechanism

Dichloridobis[2-(2-fur­yl)-1-(2-furylmeth­yl)-1H-benzimidazole-κN 3]cadmium(II)

In the title complex, [CdCl2(C16H12N2O2)2], the CdII ion exhibits site symmetry 2. It shows a distorted tetra­hedral coordination defined by two N atoms from symmetry-related 2-(2-fur­yl)-1-(2-furylmeth­yl)-1H-benzimidazole ligands and by two symmetry-related Cl atoms. Intra­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds stabilize the mol­ecular configuration. Adjacent mol­ecules are linked through C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds into a network structure