Communication: Synthesis of a Novel Triphenyltin(IV) Derivative of 2- Mercaptonicotinic Acid with Potent Cytotoxicity in vitro

A novel triphenyltin(IV) derivative of 2-mercaptonicotinic acid (H2mna) of formula {[(C6H5)3Sn]2(mna).[(CH3)2CO]} (1) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and 1H, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The crystal structure of complex (1) has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis at 173(1) K. Compound (1) contains two triphenyltin moieties linked by a doubly de-protonated 2,mercaptonicotinic acid (H>2mna). It is an example of a pentacoordinated Ph3SnXY system with an axial-equatorial arrangement of the phenyl groups at Sn(1). Compound (1), exhibits potent, in vitro, cytotoxicity against sarcoma cancer cells (mesenchymal tissue) from the Wistar rat, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH, benzo[a]pyrene) carcinogenesis

Effect of differently fed farmed gilthead sea bream consumption on platelet aggregation and circulating haemostatic markers among apparently healthy adults:A double-blind randomized crossover trial

Fish consumption beneficially affects coagulation markers. Few dietary intervention studies have investigated differently fed farmed fish against these cardio-metabolic risk factors in humans. This double-blind randomized crossover trial evaluated differently fed farmed gilthead sea bream consumption against platelet aggregation and circulating haemostatic markers among apparently healthy adults. Subjects aged 30–65 years, with a body mass index 24.0–31.0 kg/m2, consuming less than 150 g cooked fish per week, were recruited in Attica, Greece. Participants were randomized (n = 38, 1:1) to one of two sequences; consumption of fish fed with fish oil diet (conventional fish, CF)/fish fed with olive pomace-enriched diet (enriched fish, EF) versus EF/CF. The primary outcomes were ex vivo human platelet aggregation and circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and P-selectin (sP-selectin) concentrations. EF consumption had no significant effect on platelet sensitivity or haemostatic markers compared to CF. Platelet sensitivity to platelet-activating factor (PAF) decreased after CF consumption during the second period (p p < 0.01 for both). Based on current findings, consumption of enriched farmed gilthead sea bream had no greater effect on coagulation markers in adults compared to the conventionally fed fish

Platelet activating factor levels and metabolism in tangier disease: a case study

Abstract Background Tangier disease (TD) is a phenotypic expression of rare familial syndrome with mutations in the ABCA1 transporter. The risk of coronary artery disease in patients with TD is variable. On the other hand the pivotal role of Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) mediator in atheromatosis was found. Plasma lipoproteins are transporters of the PAF acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) in cells and known as lipoprotein-phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) in plasma and regulators of PAF levels in blood. In addition, PAF can be biosynthesized from the remodeling and the de novo pathways in which Lyso-platelet activating factor-acetyltransferase (Lyso-PAF-AT) and platelet activating factor-cholinephosphotransferase (PAF-CPT) are the regulatory enzymes. The aim of this study is to investigate in a TD patient with a unique mutation (C2033A), the concentration of PAF in blood, the Equivalent Concentration for 50% aggregation (EC50) values of platelet rich plasma (PRP) toward PAF, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin, and the activities of PAF metabolic enzymes Lp-PLA2, PAF-AH, Lyso-PAF-AT and PAF-CPT. Methods The EC50 value of PRP was measured by an aggregometer. The determination of the specific activity of PAF-CPT and Lyso-PAF-AT was made after in vitro enzymatic assay, chromatographic separation and measurement of the produced PAF in a biological assay with washed rabbit platelets. The determination of PAF-AH and Lp-PLA2 was made after an in vitro enzymatic assay from the decay of radioactive PAF. Results The TD patient had lower bound-PAF values in blood, decreased specific activity of PAF-CPT and Lyso-PAF-AT, increased specific activity of PAF-AH in platelets and leukocytes and Lp-PLA2 activity in plasma compared to healthy women. The EC50 of PAF and Thrombin were higher compared to healthy women. Conclusion The increased Lp-PLA2 activity, as well as, the decreased activities of PAF-CPT and Lyso-PAF-AT, explain the decreased bound-PAF level in TD patient and the EC50 of PAF. However, total PAF is in a normal range and this probably can explain one of the reasons this TD patient has no CAD.</p

Crystallographic report: diphenylbis(hpiroxicam)tin(IV), Ph2Sn(Hpir)(2)

The crystal structure of complex [Ph2Sn(Hpir)(2).CH3CN] shows for the first time chelation to a metal atom of piroxicam through the keto-enolate oxygen atoms

Radial Artery and Ulnar Artery Occlusions Following Coronary Procedures and the Impact of Anticoagulation: ARTEMIS (Radial and Ulnar ARTEry Occlusion Meta-AnalysIS) Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background-Incidence of radial artery occclusions (RAO) and ulnar artery occclusions (UAO) in coronary procedures, factors predisposing to forearm arteries occlusion, and the benefit of anticoaggulation vary significantly in existing literature. We sought to determine the incidence of RAO/UAO and the impact of anticoagulation intensity. Methods and Results-Meta-analysis of 112 studies assessing RAO and/or UAO (N = 46 631) were included. Overall, there was no difference between crude RAO and UAO rates (5.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.4-6.0 versus 4.0%; 95% CI, 2.8-5.8; P= 0.171). The early occlusion rate (in-hospital or within 7 days after procedure) was higher than the late occlusion rate. The detection rate of occlusion was higher with vascular ultrasonography compared with clinical evaluation only. Low-dose heparin was associated with a significantly higher RAO rate compared with high-dose heparin (7.2%; 95% CI, 5.5-9.4 versus 4.3%; 95% CI, 3.5-5.3; Q = 8.81; P = 0.003). Early occlusions in low-dose heparin cohorts mounted at 8.0% (95% CI, 6.1-10.6). The RAO rate was higher after diagnostic angiographies compared with coronary interventions, presumably attributed to the higher intensity of anticoagulation in the latter group. Hemostatic techniques (patent versus nonpatent hemostasis), geography (US versus non-US cohorts) and sheath size did not impact on vessel patency. Conclusions-RAO and UAO occur with similar frequency and in the order of 7% to 8% when evaluated early by vascular ultrasonography following coronary procedures. More-intensive anticoagulation is protective. Late recanalization occurs in a substantial minority of patients

COVID-19 Vaccination Intention Associated with Behaviors towards Protection and Perceptions Regarding the Pandemic

Background: The impressively rapid availability of different types of COVID-19 vaccines and, on the other hand, the degree of their effectiveness as opposed to the likelihood of serious or non-serious side effects place a fairly large percentage of the population at a crossroads regarding the choice to get vaccinated or not, hence threatening achievement of total immunization coverage and full immunity. This study aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccination intention in Greece regarding protection behaviors and perceptions of the pandemic. Methods: A total of 3753 participants completed a specially designed electronic questionnaire anonymously and voluntarily. The study population consisted of healthcare workers, students, members of professional societies, teachers, and professors. The questionnaire was composed of four parts pertaining to demographic data and possible changes in hygiene attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: In total, 43.3% of the participants stated that SARS-CoV-2 poses a significant risk. The most widespread protection practice was avoiding crowded places (90.1%), followed by reducing the use of public transport (86.1%) and washing their hands with soap and water more often than usual (84.2%). Women undertook significantly more behavioral changes than men and participants of other nationalities. About half of the participants (44%) implemented seven behavioral changes. Lower personal and general perceived risk due to COVID-19 was significantly associated with lower intention to get vaccinated. Conclusion: Strong hesitancy was observed towards COVID-19 vaccination. There is a need for further studies to be conducted to investigate the benefits and safety of vaccines for the purpose of better informing the public. Healthcare personnel can and should play a key role in this process