4,912 research outputs found
Hybrid Focal Stereo Networks for Pattern Analysis in Homogeneous Scenes
In this paper we address the problem of multiple camera calibration in the
presence of a homogeneous scene, and without the possibility of employing
calibration object based methods. The proposed solution exploits salient
features present in a larger field of view, but instead of employing active
vision we replace the cameras with stereo rigs featuring a long focal analysis
camera, as well as a short focal registration camera. Thus, we are able to
propose an accurate solution which does not require intrinsic variation models
as in the case of zooming cameras. Moreover, the availability of the two views
simultaneously in each rig allows for pose re-estimation between rigs as often
as necessary. The algorithm has been successfully validated in an indoor
setting, as well as on a difficult scene featuring a highly dense pilgrim crowd
in Makkah.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Machine Vision and Application
LM-Based Word Embeddings Improve Biomedical Named Entity Recognition: A Detailed Analysis
Recent studies have shown that contextualized word embeddings outperform other types of embeddings on a variety of tasks. However, there is little research done to evaluate their effectiveness in the biomedical domain under multi-task settings. We derive the contextualized word embeddings from the Flair framework and apply them to the task of biomedical NER on 5 benchmark datasets, yielding major improvements over the baseline and achieving competitive results over the current best systems. We analyze the sources of these improvements, reporting model performances over different combinations of word embeddings, and fine-tuning and casing modes
Collapses and revivals of exciton emission in a semiconductor microcavity: detuning and phase-space filling effects
We investigate exciton emission of quantum well embedded in a semiconductor
microcavity. The analytical expressions of the light intensity for the cases of
excitonic number state and coherent state are presented by using secular
approximation. Our results show that the effective exciton-exciton interaction
leads to the appearance of collapse and revival of the light intensity. The
revival time is twice compared the coherent state case with that of the number
state. The dissipation of the exciton-polariton lowers the revival amplitude
but does not alter the revival time. The influences of the detuning and the
phase-space filling are studied. We find that the effect of the higher-order
exciton-photon interaction may be removed by adjusting the detuning.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
Generation and Characterization of Mice Carrying a Conditional Allele of the Wwox Tumor Suppressor Gene
WWOX, the gene that spans the second most common human chromosomal fragile site, FRA16D, is inactivated in multiple human cancers and behaves as a suppressor of tumor growth. Since we are interested in understanding WWOX function in both normal and cancer tissues we generated mice harboring a conditional Wwox allele by flanking Exon 1 of the Wwox gene with LoxP sites. Wwox knockout (KO) mice were developed by breeding with transgenic mice carrying the Cre-recombinase gene under the control of the adenovirus EIIA promoter. We found that Wwox KO mice suffered from severe metabolic defect(s) resulting in growth retardation and all mice died by 3 wk of age. All Wwox KO mice displayed significant hypocapnia suggesting a state of metabolic acidosis. This finding and the known high expression of Wwox in kidney tubules suggest a role for Wwox in acid/base balance. Importantly, Wwox KO mice displayed histopathological and hematological signs of impaired hematopoeisis, leukopenia, and splenic atrophy. Impaired hematopoeisis can also be a contributing factor to metabolic acidosis and death. Hypoglycemia and hypocalcemia was also observed affecting the KO mice. In addition, bone metabolic defects were evident in Wwox KO mice. Bones were smaller and thinner having reduced bone volume as a consequence of a defect in mineralization. No evidence of spontaneous neoplasia was observed in Wwox KO mice. We have generated a new mouse model to inactivate the Wwox tumor suppressor gene conditionally. This will greatly facilitate the functional analysis of Wwox in adult mice and will allow investigating neoplastic transformation in specific target tissues
Influence of supramolecular forces on the linear viscoelasticity of gluten
Stress relaxation behavior of hydrated gluten networks was investigated by means of rheometry combined with μ-computed tomography (μ-CT) imaging. Stress relaxation behavior was followed over a wide temperature range (0–70 °C). Modulation of intermolecular bonds was achieved with urea or ascorbic acid in an effort to elucidate the presiding intermolecular interactions over gluten network relaxation. Master curves of viscoelasticity were constructed, and relaxation spectra were computed revealing three relaxation regimes for all samples. Relaxation commences with a well-defined short-time regime where Rouse-like modes dominate, followed by a power law region displaying continuous relaxation concluding in a terminal zone. In the latter zone, poroelastic relaxation due to water migration in the nanoporous structure of the network also contributes to the stress relief in the material. Hydrogen bonding between adjacent protein chains was identified as the determinant force that influences the relaxation of the networks. Changes in intermolecular interactions also resulted in changes in microstructure of the material that was also linked to the relaxation behavior of the networks
30 inch Roll-Based Production of High-Quality Graphene Films for Flexible Transparent Electrodes
We report that 30-inch scale multiple roll-to-roll transfer and wet chemical
doping considerably enhance the electrical properties of the graphene films
grown on roll-type Cu substrates by chemical vapor deposition. The resulting
graphene films shows a sheet resistance as low as ~30 Ohm/sq at ~90 %
transparency which is superior to commercial transparent electrodes such as
indium tin oxides (ITO). The monolayer of graphene shows sheet resistances as
low as ~125 Ohm/sq with 97.4% optical transmittance and half-integer quantum
Hall effect, indicating the high-quality of these graphene films. As a
practical application, we also fabricated a touch screen panel device based on
the graphene transparent electrodes, showing extraordinary mechanical and
electrical performances
Serum microRNA array analysis identifies miR-140-3p, miR-33b-3p and miR-671-3p as potential osteoarthritis biomarkers involved in metabolic processes.
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in circulation have emerged as promising biomarkers. In this study, we aimed to identify a circulating miRNA signature for osteoarthritis (OA) patients and in combination with bioinformatics analysis to evaluate the utility of selected differentially expressed miRNAs in the serum as potential OA biomarkers. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 12 primary OA patients, and 12 healthy individuals were screened using the Agilent Human miRNA Microarray platform interrogating 2549 miRNAs. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the deregulated miRNAs. Expression levels of selected miRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in all serum and in articular cartilage samples from OA patients (n = 12) and healthy individuals (n = 7). Bioinformatics analysis was used to investigate the involved pathways and target genes for the above miRNAs. Results: We identified 279 differentially expressed miRNAs in the serum of OA patients compared to controls. Two hundred and five miRNAs (73.5%) were upregulated and 74 (26.5%) downregulated. ROC analysis revealed that 77 miRNAs had area under the curve (AUC) > 0.8 and p < 0.05. Bioinformatics analysis in the 77 miRNAs revealed that their target genes were involved in multiple signaling pathways associated with OA, among which FoxO, mTOR, Wnt, pI3K/akt, TGF-β signaling pathways, ECM-receptor interaction, and fatty acid biosynthesis. qRT-PCR validation in seven selected out of the 77 miRNAs revealed 3 significantly downregulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-33b-3p, hsa-miR-671-3p, and hsa-miR-140-3p) in the serum of OA patients, which were in silico predicted to be enriched in pathways involved in metabolic processes. Target-gene analysis of hsa-miR-140-3p, hsa-miR-33b-3p, and hsa-miR-671-3p revealed that InsR and IGFR1 were common targets of all three miRNAs, highlighting their involvement in regulation of metabolic processes that contribute to OA pathology. Hsa-miR-140-3p and hsa-miR-671-3p expression levels were consistently downregulated in articular cartilage of OA patients compared to healthy individuals. Conclusions: A serum miRNA signature was established for the first time using high density resolution miR-arrays in OA patients. We identified a three-miRNA signature, hsa-miR-140-3p, hsa-miR-671-3p, and hsa-miR-33b-3p, in the serum of OA patients, predicted to regulate metabolic processes, which could serve as a potential biomarker for the evaluation of OA risk and progression.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio
Nernst Effect in Electron-Doped PrCeCuO
The Nernst effect of PrCeCuO (x=0.13, 0.15, and 0.17) has
been measured on thin film samples between 5-120 K and 0-14 T. In comparison to
recent measurements on hole-doped cuprates that showed an anomalously large
Nernst effect above the resistive T and H
\cite{xu,wang1,wang2,capan}, we find a normal Nernst effect above T and
H for all dopings. The lack of an anomalous Nernst effect in the
electron-doped compounds supports the models that explain this effect in terms
of amplitude and phase fluctuations in the hole-doped cuprates. In addition,
the H(T) determined from the Nernst effect shows a conventional behavior
for all dopings. The energy gap determined from H(0) decreases as the
system goes from under-doping to over-dopingin agreement with the recent
tunnelling experiments
Molecular analysis of WWOX expression correlation with proliferation and apoptosis in glioblastoma multiforme
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common type of primary brain tumor in adults. WWOX is a tumor suppressor gene involved in carcinogenesis and cancer progression in many different neoplasms. Reduced WWOX expression is associated with more aggressive phenotype and poor patient outcome in several cancers. We investigated alternations of WWOX expression and its correlation with proliferation, apoptosis and signal trafficking in 67 glioblastoma multiforme specimens. Moreover, we examined the level of WWOX LOH and methylation status in WWOX promoter region. Our results suggest that loss of heterozygosity (relatively frequent in glioblastoma multiforme) along with promoter methylation may decrease the expression of this tumor suppressor gene. Our experiment revealed positive correlations between WWOX and Bcl2 and between WWOX and Ki67. We also confirmed that WWOX is positively correlated with ErbB4 signaling pathway in glioblastoma multiforme
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