1,517 research outputs found
Hydroxymethyl furfural in chinese herbal medicines: Its formation, presence, metabolism, bioactivities and implications
Background: Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) must be processed before being prescribed to patients. During the processing, some CHMs became brown and as such 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) generated. Increasing attention is being paid to the safety and effectiveness of HMF.Methods: This paper summarized previous and recent reports on HMF formation, its presence in CHMs, its metabolism and bioactivities, together with its implications for CHMs.Results: HMF had been detected in 41 CHMs, and increased by about 12~1200 times after heat processing in some CHMs. Current data showed that HMF has limited genotoxicity but various bioactivities, such as anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypoxic, anti-microbial, and inhibiting sickling of red blood cells.Conclusion: Accumulation of HMF during heat processing of CHMs indicates that Maillard reaction and caramelization occurred. The other products of the two browning reactions deserve more attention in the following investigations on heat processed CHM.Keywords: hydroxymethyl furfural, Chinese herbal medicine, Maillard reaction, caramelization
Hybrid exciton-polaritons in a bad microcavity containing the organic and inorganic quantum wells
We study the hybrid exciton-polaritons in a bad microcavity containing the
organic and inorganic quantum wells. The corresponding polariton states are
given. The analytical solution and the numerical result of the stationary
spectrum for the cavity field are finishedComment: 3 pages, 1 figure. appear in Communications in Theoretical Physic
Influence of heavy modes on perturbations in multiple field inflation
We investigate linear cosmological perturbations in multiple field
inflationary models where some of the directions are light while others are
heavy (with respect to the Hubble parameter). By integrating out the massive
degrees of freedom, we determine the multi-dimensional effective theory for the
light degrees of freedom and give explicitly the propagation matrix that
replaces the effective sound speed of the one-dimensional case. We then examine
in detail the consequences of a sudden turn along the inflationary trajectory,
in particular the possible breakdown of the low energy effective theory in case
the heavy modes are excited. Resorting to a new basis in field space, instead
of the usual adiabatic/entropic basis, we study the evolution of the
perturbations during the turn. In particular, we compute the power spectrum and
compare with the result obtained from the low energy effective theory.Comment: 24 pages, 13 figures; v2 substantial changes in sec.V; v3 matching
the published version on JCA
Shear viscosity, instability and the upper bound of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant
We compute the dimensionality dependence of for charged black branes
with Gauss-Bonnet correction. We find that both causality and stability
constrain the value of Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant to be bounded by 1/4 in
the infinite dimensionality limit. We further show that higher dimensionality
stabilize the gravitational perturbation. The stabilization of the perturbation
in higher dimensional space-time is a straightforward consequence of the
Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant bound.Comment: 16 pages,3 figures+3 tables,typos corrected, published versio
Quantum size effects on the perpendicular upper critical field in ultra-thin lead films
We report the thickness-dependent (in terms of atomic layers) oscillation
behavior of the perpendicular upper critical field in the
ultra-thin lead films at the reduced temperature (). Distinct
oscillations of the normal-state resistivity as a function of film thickness
have also been observed. Compared with the oscillation, the
shows a considerable large oscillation amplitude and a phase shift. The
oscillatory mean free path caused by quantum size effect plays a role in
oscillation.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Experimentally obtaining the Likeness of Two Unknown Quantum States on an NMR Quantum Information Processor
Recently quantum states discrimination has been frequently studied. In this
paper we study them from the other way round, the likeness of two quantum
states. The fidelity is used to describe the likeness of two quantum states.
Then we presented a scheme to obtain the fidelity of two unknown qubits
directly from the integral area of the spectra of the assistant qubit(spin) on
an NMR Quantum Information Processor. Finally we demonstrated the scheme on a
three-qubit quantum information processor. The experimental data are consistent
with the theoretical expectation with an average error of 0.05, which confirms
the scheme.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figure
Coulomb-enhanced dynamic localization and Bell state generation in coupled quantum dots
We investigate the dynamics of two interacting electrons in coupled quantum
dots driven by an AC field. We find that the two electrons can be trapped in
one of the dots by the AC field, in spite of the strong Coulomb repulsion. In
particular, we find that the interaction may enhance the localization effect.
We also demonstrate the field excitation procedure to generate the maximally
entangled Bell states. The generation time is determined by both analytic and
numerical solutions of the time dependent Schrodinger equation.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
Emerging and reemerging helminthiases and the public health of China.
Despite great strides in their control throughout the People's Republic of China, helminth infections remain an important public health problem. The Institute of Parasitic Diseases of the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, under the guidance of the Chinese Ministry of Health, completed a nationwide survey of more than 1 million people that showed the high prevalence and intensity of intestinal nematode infections; prevalence can sometimes exceed 50% in the Yangtze River valley provinces. Schistosoma japonicum is also a major cause of illness in this region. Attempts to control Chinese helminthic diseases with conventional anthelminthic drugs have been partially thwarted by high posttreatment rates of reinfection. Recently, several new human trematode pathogens have been identified. Novel approaches to chemoprophylaxis and vaccination may alleviate the public health problem caused by Chinese helminths. However, recombinant helminth vaccine development will depend on first cataloguing the extensive genetic diversity of Chinese helminths and candidate vaccine antigens. Evidence from biogeography, genetics, and systematics suggests that the genetic diversification of Chinese helminths and their vectors is an ongoing evolutionary process that began 12 million years ago near the convergence of major Asian river systems. Construction of the Three Gorges Super Dam on the Yangtze River may promote the emergence and reemergence of new helminths and their snail vector
Loop Corrections to Cosmological Perturbations in Multi-field Inflationary Models
We investigate one-loop quantum corrections to the power spectrum of
adiabatic perturbation from entropy modes/adiabatic mode cross-interactions in
multiple DBI inflationary models. We find that due to the non-canonical kinetic
term in DBI models, the loop corrections are enhanced by slow-varying parameter
and small sound speed . Thus, in general the loop-corrections
in multi-DBI models can be large. Moreover, we find that the loop-corrections
from adiabatic/entropy cross-interaction vertices are IR finite.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures; v2, typos corrected, ref added; v3 typos
corrected, version for publishing in jca
Primordial Trispectrum from Entropy Perturbations in Multifield DBI Model
We investigate the primordial trispectra of the general multifield DBI
inflationary model. In contrast with the single field model, the entropic modes
can source the curvature perturbations on the super horizon scales, so we
calculate the contributions from the interaction of four entropic modes
mediating one adiabatic mode to the trispectra, at the large transfer limit
(). We obtained the general form of the 4-point correlation
functions, plotted the shape diagrams in two specific momenta configurations,
"equilateral configuration" and "specialized configuration". Our figures showed
that we can easily distinguish the two different momenta configurations.Comment: 17pages, 7 figures, version to appear in JCA
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