Versuchsbeschrieb und Qualität des frischen Wiesenfutters : Serie Systemvergleich Hohenrain II

Im Systemvergleich Hohenrain II wurden drei Fütterungssysteme auf Basis von frischem Wiesenfutter miteinander verglichen. Dazu wurden von 2014-2016 die zwei Systeme Teilweide mit Eingrasen und reduzierter (EGKF) beziehungsweise erhöhter Kraftfuttergabe (EGKFplus) mit der Vollweide (VW) als Referenzsystem verglichen. Auf dem Gutsbetrieb des BBZN Hohenrain in Luzern wurden drei Herden in je einem Fütterungssystem gehalten. Allen Herden stand dieselbe Futterfläche zur Verfügung. Auch 36 Pilotbetriebe aus dem Schweizer Mittelland beteiligten sich am Projekt und unterstützten über die Teilnahme an Arbeitskreisen die Praxisverknüpfung und den Wissenstransfer. Die höchsten Energiegehalte im Eingrasfutter wurden im Frühjahr erreicht. Diese sind mit den bekannten Tabellenwerten vergleichbar. Gegenüber den Kurzrasenweiden lagen die Gehalte bedeutend tiefer und waren insbesondere über die Sommermonate starken Schwankungen unterworfen. Dies wird auf das Nutzungsstadium und die sommerlichen Witterungseinflüsse zurückgeführt, welche die Verdaulichkeit des Wiesenfutters wesentlich beeinflussen. Analog zur Weide sollten deshalb Entscheidungshilfen entwickelt werden, welche die Praxis bei der Nutzung der Eingrasbestände im optimalen Stadium unterstützen.In Svizzera molte aziende produttrici di latte fanno uso di sostanziali percentuali di foraggio verde nella razione alimentare. Obiettivo di questo progetto è stata la comparazione tra tre sistemi che si basano sull’alimentazione del bestiame con man-gime verde fresco. A tale scopo, tra il 2014 e il 2016, i due sistemi a pascolo parziale con afforaggiamento di erba fresca e apporto di concentrati ridotto (EGKF) o maggiorato (EGKFplus) sono stati messi a confronto, assumendo il pascolo integrale (VW) come sistema di riferimento. Il presente articolo informa sul dispositivo dell’esperimento e sui primi risultati riguardanti il contenuto di energia del foraggio verde fresco. Nell’a-zienda agricola del centro di formazione professionale BBZN di Hohenrain (LU) il bestiame da latte (70 capi) è stato suddiviso in tre mandrie e inserito nei rispettivi sistemi di foraggiamento. Ad ogni mandria è stata messa a disposizione la stessa superficie di terreno per il pascolo o le colture foraggere (12 ha), mentre la media del numero di mucche e la quantità di mangime concen-trato impiegato erano differenziate in base ai diversi sistemi. Anche 36 aziende agricole dell’altopiano svizzero hanno preso parte al progetto, sostenendo la messa in pratica e il trasferimento del sapere tramite la parteci-pazione a gruppi di lavoro. I tenori più alti di energia netta di lattazione (NEL) nel forag-gio verde (MJ/kg SS) sono stati raggiunti in primavera, ed erano paragonabili ai valori delle tabelle di riferimento. I tenori sono risultati essere significativamente inferiori rispetto a quelli del pascolo ad erba corta e sono stati soggetti a forti oscillazioni soprat-tutto nei mesi estivi. Ciò è da ricondurre all’irregolare stadio di maturazione dell’erba al momento della raccolta e alle condizioni metereologiche, che influenzano di molto la digeribilità del foraggio verde. Supporti decisionali alla pratica dell’afforaggiamento di erba fresca potrebbero contribuire a migliorare la situazione.Partial grazing with indoor feeding of fresh grass is an important feeding system for Swiss dairy farms. From 2014 to 2016, three production systems – ‘partial grazing with indoor feeding of fresh grass with reduced (EGKF, 418 kg) and increased concentrate supplementation (EGKFplus; 1161 kg) was compared with full-time grazing (FG) with reduced concentrate supplementation on 36 pilot farms in Switzerland. This article describes the set-up and initial results regarding the energy content of the fresh grass. The seventy-head dairy herd on the BBZN Hohenrain school farm in Lucerne was divided into three sub-herds, each of which was kept in one of the three feeding systems. While all three herds had the same amount of land at their disposal as pasture or foddergrowing land (12 ha), the average number of cows and the quantity of concentrate used differed according to the system. Thirty-six pilot farms in the Swiss Plateau were also involved in the project and gave support by participating in study groups focussing on linking practice and transferring knowledge. The highest NEL contents in grass fodder (MJ/kg DM) were measured in spring. These were comparable with reference values. However, compared to continuous grazing, the contents were significantly lower and, particularly during summer, were subject to strong fluctuations. This is a result of the irregular utilisation stage and the influence of summer weather conditions, both of which significantly impact the digestibility of grass fodder. Decision-making aids to support practitioners with forage harvesting could lead to improvements here

Solution of hierarchical optimization problems

SIGLETIB: RN 2394 (967) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Nährstoff- und Mineralstoffgehalte der konservierten Futtermittel : Serie Systemvergleich Hohenrain II

Im Projekt Hohenrain II wurden von 2014 bis 2016 drei Milchproduktionssysteme mit Verfütterung von frischem Wiesenfutter während der Vegetationsperiode untersucht. Von den Erntejahren 2013 bis 2015 wurden vom konservierten Futter (Dürrfutter, Grassilage und Trockengras) die Inhaltsstoffe analysiert. Zusätzlich wurden vom Erntejahr 2015 in den Dürrfutter- und Grassilageproben die Rohproteinfraktionen bestimmt. Neben den Proben des Gutsbetriebes in Hohenrain wurden auch Proben der 38 Pilotbetriebe, verteilt auf drei Regionen in der Schweiz, in der Untersuchung analysiert. Beim Dürrfutter entsprachen die durchschnittlichen Gehalte von den Pilotbetrieben den Werten, die jährlich in der Raufutter-Enquête publiziert wurden. Bei den Silagen fielen insbesondere die NEL-Gehalte der Pilotbetriebe leicht tiefer aus. Das Jahr, beziehungsweise die Region, hatte nur bei einigen Nährstoffen einen Einfluss auf deren Gehalt. Bei den Nährwerten konnten keine Unterschiede festgestellt werden. Proben des analysierten Trockengrases wiesen teilweise sehr hohe Rohaschegehalte und entsprechend tiefe NEL-Gehalte auf. Bei den Rohproteinfraktionen ergaben sich Unterschiede zwischen den Dürrfutter- und Silageproben, wobei bei den Silagen insbesondere die Nicht-Protein- Stickstoff-Fraktion höher ausfiel

Fluorescence hysteroscopy using 5-aminolevulinic: a descriptive study

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility of fluorescence hysteroscopy following topical ALA application and to describe the optical appearance of normal and neoplastic endometrium. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-four patients scheduled for routine hysteroscopy and D&C were assigned to the study group using topically applied ALA. Two milliliters of a 2% 5-ALA-solution at pH = 4.0 (ASAT AG/Zug, Switzerland) was administrated into the uterine cavity 4 hours before fluorescence hysteroscopy, using a STORZ-D-Light (Tuttlingen, Germany) system. Hysteroscopic findings were compared to the histological diagnosis of hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) stained sections. In the study group, 60 histological specimens were taken (47 materials of curettage and 13 targeted biopsies). The percentage of fluorescence positive patients was calculated. RESULTS The rate of fluorescent endometrial samples was low in atrophic endometrium 1/16 (6.2%). Endometrial carcinoma were diagnosed in two patients. Both cases exhibited selective and intense PpIX-mediated red fluorescence. Fluorescence hysteroscopy could not differentiate between hyperplastic areas with or without atypia. Minimal uterine cramps or discomfort following ALA instillation were complained by 30 (56%) patients, no pain was indicated by 24 patients (44%). CONCLUSIONS Fluorescence hysteroscopy following intrauterine application of ALA is feasible. Cancerous, hyperplastic, and secretory endometrial tissue showed high red fluorescence

Comparison of nutrient and mineral content of herbage from pasture and fresh indoor feeding

Grazing and/or indoor feeding of fresh herbage are common feeding systems for dairy cows in Switzerland. In the framework of an on-farm dairy production system comparison, the nutrient and mineral content of herbage from pastures and for fresh indoor feeding were regularly analysed during two growing periods. Nutrient contents (crude protein (CP), acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), ethanol soluble carbohydrates (ESC)) were analysed by Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) and the minerals calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) determined using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer. Due to the different utilisation, herbage for fresh indoor feeding contained lower proportion of grasses (60 vs 70%) and herbs (6 vs 9%) but a higher content of legumes (34 vs 21%). The nutrient content was more variable throughout the growing period in the herbage for fresh indoor feeding. The differences in species composition and the generally lower growth stage resulted in significantly higher CP and lower ADF contents of the pasture herbage. Herbage for fresh indoor feeding showed higher contents of Ca and lower contents of P and Zn. The Mg content was similar and increased from spring to summer. The data demonstrates that herbage for fresh indoor feeding represents a valuable source of nutrients and minerals. Its contents, however, may fluctuate more strongly during the growing period as compared to herbage from pastures