Psilídeos no Brasil: 9 - Tuthillia myrcianthes (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) em Myrcianthes pungens (Myrtaceae).

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Potential Geographic Distribution of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Invasion (Halyomorpha halys)

BACKGROUND: The Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), native to Asia, is becoming an invasive species with a rapidly expanding range in North America and Europe. In the US, it is a household pest and also caused unprecedented damage to agriculture crops. Exploring its climatic limits and estimating its potential geographic distribution can provide critical information for management strategies. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPALS: We used direct climate comparisons to explore the climatic niche occupied by native and invasive populations of BMSB. Ecological niche modelings based on the native range were used to anticipate the potential distribution of BMSB worldwide. Conversely, niche models based on the introduced range were used to locate the original invasive propagates in Asia. Areas with high invasion potential were identified by two niche modeling algorithms (i.e., Maxent and GARP). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Reduced dimensionality of environmental space improves native model transferability in the invade area. Projecting models from invasive population back to native distributional areas offers valuable information on the potential source regions of the invasive populations. Our models anticipated successfully the current disjunct distribution of BMSB in the US. The original propagates are hypothesized to have come from northern Japan or western Korea. High climate suitable areas at risk of invasion include latitudes between 30°-50° including northern Europe, northeastern North America, southern Australia and the North Island of New Zealand. Angola in Africa and Uruguay in South America also showed high climate suitability

Genetic Diversity of EBV-Encoded LMP1 in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study and Implication for NF-Κb Activation

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with several types of cancers including Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), a multifunctional oncoprotein, is a powerful activator of the transcription factor NF-κB, a property that is essential for EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell survival. Previous studies reported LMP1 sequence variations and induction of higher NF-κB activation levels compared to the prototype B95-8 LMP1 by some variants. Here we used biopsies of EBV-associated cancers and blood of individuals included in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) to analyze LMP1 genetic diversity and impact of sequence variations on LMP1-mediated NF-κB activation potential. We found that a number of variants mediate higher NF-κB activation levels when compared to B95-8 LMP1 and mapped three single polymorphisms responsible for this phenotype: F106Y, I124V and F144I. F106Y was present in all LMP1 isolated in this study and its effect was variant dependent, suggesting that it was modulated by other polymorphisms. The two polymorphisms I124V and F144I were present in distinct phylogenetic groups and were linked with other specific polymorphisms nearby, I152L and D150A/L151I, respectively. The two sets of polymorphisms, I124V/I152L and F144I/D150A/L151I, which were markers of increased NF-κB activation in vitro, were not associated with EBV-associated HL in the SHCS. Taken together these results highlighted the importance of single polymorphisms for the modulation of LMP1 signaling activity and demonstrated that several groups of LMP1 variants, through distinct mutational paths, mediated enhanced NF-κB activation levels compared to B95-8 LMP1

Resurrection of the Pronotocrepini Knight, with revisions of the Nearctic genera Orectoderus Uhler, Pronotocrepis Knight, and Teleorhinus Uhler, and comments on the Palearctic Ethelastia (Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae). (American Museum novitates, no. 3703)

67 p. : ill. (some col.), maps ; 26 cm. "December 10, 2010."The Nearctic genera Orectoderus Uhler, Pronotocrepis Knight, and Teleorhinus Uhler are revised. One new species from Texas, Teleorhinus crataegi, sp. nov., is described. Teleorhinus oregoni Knight, 1968 is transferred to Orectoderus Uhler. The following new synonyms are proposed (senior synonym first): O. arcuatus Knight = O. schuhi Knight; O. montanus Knight = O. utahensis Knight, O. salicis Knight, and O. cockerelli Knight; O. obliquus Uhler = O. ruckesi Knight; P. clavicornis Knight = P. ribesi Knight and P. ruber Knight; T. cyaneus Uhler = T. brindleyi Knight and T. nigricornis Knight; T. tephrosicola Knight = T. floridanus Blatchley and T. utahensis Knight; O. bakeri Knight = T. oregoni Knight Orectoderus and Teleorhinus are transferred from the Hallodapini Van Duzee to the Pronotocrepini Knight. The Palearctic genus Ethelastia Reuter, 1876, is reviewed and transferred from the Phylini to the Pronotocrepini. A rediagnosis for the tribe Pronotocrepini, a key to the included genera, keys to males and females, illustrations of male and female genitalia, except for the female of Teleorhinus crataegi, new species, dorsal habitus photographs, scanning micrographs of selected structures, and new locality and host-plant records are included for all species

Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Central European bug genus "Psallus" (Hemiptera, Miridae) and faunistics of the terrestrial Heteroptera of Basel and surroundings (Hemiptera)

True bugs or Heteroptera are a biologically diverse, species-rich group containing some 37,000 species described worldwide (Schaefer & Panizzi, 2000). It is the largest taxon of endopterygotan insects and constitutes a well-supported monophylum within the order Hemiptera. Species are usually trophically specialised; they are phytophagous, zoophagous or mycophagous (Schuh & Slater, 1995). For their often specialised feeding habits, many species are economically important as crop pests, biological control agents of phytophagous insect pests (Schaefer & Panizzi, 2000) or as vectors of human diseases (Schofield & Dolling, 1993; Schaefer, 2000; Garcia et al., 2000). The last one is, however, without significance in Central Europe. Some bugs constitute an important protein source in human diet (Fritsche Gitsaga, 2000). Within the Heteroptera the plant bugs or Miridae constitute the largest family with more than 10,000 described species (Schuh, 1995). It is expected that the family may contain twice as many species (Wheeler, 2001). Even though the mirids contain many economically important species, its taxonomy and systematics contains many unsolved problems. This is a result of the large number of included taxa and the uniformity of external morphology of many genera. Current problems exist at species level where some taxa are ill-defined or where many species can be identified only by male genitalic characters, and at genus level where phylogenetic considerations are missing for many taxa. The first list of Swiss Heteroptera containing 50 species is part of Füessly’s (1775) catalogue of insects from Switzerland. Several additional records were inlcuded in general works of 18th and 19th century entomologists (Sulzer, 1771, 1776; Razoumowsky, 1789; Roemer, 1789; Schellenberg, 1800; Meyer-Dür, 1843). The only catalogue dealing with Swiss bugs was provided by Frey-Gessner (1864a, b, 1865, 1866a, b, 1871a). Basel and the surrounding region have, compared to the rest of Switzerland, a distinct fauna and flora due to the geografical position and the relatively dry climate. The region is open to the Rhône valley via the "Burgunderpforte" from where mediterranean floristic and faunistic elements may immigrate. The first part of the present thesis deals with the ill-defined mirid genus Psallus (Phylinae, Phylini). One aim was to test the monophyly of Psallus and to propose, based on the study of the Central European species, a classification applicable to the world fauna. The second goal was to investigate the female genitalia in view of taxonomic and phylogenetic significance. Female genitalia are so far rarely used for species definition within mirids (exeptions e. g. Calocoris, Rosenzweig, 1997) in contrast to other families (e. g. Nabidae, Péricart, 1987). As for Psallus the few species of which the female genitalia have been described so far (Kullenberg, 1947; Seidenstücker, 1972; Matocq, 1989, 1997) suggest this may be an useful set of characters. A third aim of the present study was to provide keys for the identification of the Central European species based exclusively on male and female genitalic characters. The second part of the present study deals with the terrestrial bug fauna of the region of Basel. Currently most of our knowledge goes back to Frey-Gessner's catalogue (1864a, b, 1865, 1866a, b, 1871) – obsolete for a long time. A few scattered papers have been published since (e. g. Voellmy & Egli, 1981; Meduna et al., 2001) but a thorough inventory lacks to date. In Switzerland, in general, faunistic surveys on true bugs are scarce in contrast to other European countries. The relatively few papers recently published on Swiss Heteroptera are based, to a large extent, on material from traps run for ecological investigations (e. g. Otto, 1996; Di Giulio et al., 2000). The combination of systematic revisions and faunistic investigations is necessary if we want to know and conserve our fauna. Turnball (1979) brought this to the point: “How can we detect change in the future if we cannot define the fauna we now have?

L’identité aux Etats-Unis et dans l’Union européenne : étude comparée.

L’identité européenne, comprise comme celle des citoyens de l’Union européenne, a-t-elle une réalité ? Si c’est le cas, quelles sont ses caractéristiques, quelle est sa portée, comment est-elle acceptée et perçue par la population, enfin est-elle une identité consciente ou inconsciente. Afin de répondre à ces questions, il a été intéressant de mener une comparaison avec les Etats-Unis. Si les Etats-Unis ont une histoire assez récente, le pays s'étant originellement construit sur l’immigration, ils possèdent également une forte richesse culturelle. Malgré cette diversité, les différents Etats ont fini par se regrouper, non sans difficultés, pour former ce que l’on appelle aujourd’hui les Etats-Unis d’Amérique, donnant ainsi naissance au concept d’identité américaine. J’ai voulu savoir s’il était possible, et dans quelle mesure, de comparer l’identité européenne et l’identité américaine.Master [120] en études européennes, Université catholique de Louvain, 201

Le cycle du processus d'adaptation chez le TRM: l'exemple concret de l'arrivée du PET-CT : travail de Bachelor

L’univers de la radiologie et en particulier de la médecine nucléaire est à l’évidence, dans une phase de changements rapides et le plus souvent imprévisibles. Ces dernières années ont vu l’apparition de progrès technologiques incroyables, tels que le PET-CT et le PET-IRM. Le TRM est au coeur d’une machinerie qui s’emballe et se développe à vitesse folle. Nous tenterons de répondre durant ce travail de recherche à trois questions essentielles : Comment le TRM vit-il ces changements incroyables ? Quelles sont les différentes étapes par lesquelles passe ce dernier, dans son processus d’adaptation à la technologie PET-CT ? Quelles sont les combinaisons facilitant son adaptation