Measurement of the diffractive structure function in deep inelastic scattering at HERA

This paper presents an analysis of the inclusive properties of diffractive deep inelastic scattering events produced in $ep$ interactions at HERA. The events are characterised by a rapidity gap between the outgoing proton system and the remaining hadronic system. Inclusive distributions are presented and compared with Monte Carlo models for diffractive processes. The data are consistent with models where the pomeron structure function has a hard and a soft contribution. The diffractive structure function is measured as a function of \xpom, the momentum fraction lost by the proton, of $\beta$, the momentum fraction of the struck quark with respect to \xpom, and of $Q^2$. The \xpom dependence is consistent with the form \xpoma where $a~=~1.30~\pm~0.08~(stat)~^{+~0.08}_{-~0.14}~(sys)$ in all bins of $\beta$ and $Q^2$. In the measured $Q^2$ range, the diffractive structure function approximately scales with $Q^2$ at fixed $\beta$. In an Ingelman-Schlein type model, where commonly used pomeron flux factor normalisations are assumed, it is found that the quarks within the pomeron do not saturate the momentum sum rule.Comment: 36 pages, latex, 11 figures appended as uuencoded fil

Measurement of the F2 structure function in deep inelastic e+^{+}p scattering using 1994 data from the ZEUS detector at HERA

We present measurements of the structure function \Ft\ in e^+p scattering at HERA in the range 3.5\;\Gevsq < \qsd < 5000\;\Gevsq. A new reconstruction method has allowed a significant improvement in the resolution of the kinematic variables and an extension of the kinematic region covered by the experiment. At \qsd < 35 \;\Gevsq the range in x now spans 6.3\cdot 10^{-5} < x < 0.08 providing overlap with measurements from fixed target experiments. At values of Q^2 above 1000 GeV^2 the x range extends to 0.5. Systematic errors below 5\perc\ have been achieved for most of the kinematic urray, W

Measurement of Elastic ϕ\phi Photoproduction at HERA

The production of $\phi$ mesons in the reaction $e^{+}p \rightarrow e^{+} \phi p$ ($\phi \rightarrow K^{+}K^{-}$) at a median $Q^{2}$ of $10^{-4} \ \rm{GeV^2}$has been studied with the ZEUS detector at HERA. The differential$\phi$photoproduction cross section$d\sigma/dt$has an exponential shape and has been determined in the kinematic range$0.1<|t|<0.5 \ \rm{GeV^2}$and$60 < W < 80 \ \rm{GeV}$. An integrated cross section of$\sigma_{\gamma p \rightarrow \phi p} = 0.96 \pm 0.19^{+0.21}_{-0.18}$$\rm{\mu b}$has been obtained by extrapolating to {\it t} = 0. When compared to lower energy data, the results show a weak energy dependence of both$\sigma_{\gamma p \rightarrow \phi p}$and the slope of the$t$distribution. The$\phi$decay angular distributions are consistent with$s$-channel helicity conservation. From lower energies to HERA energies, the features of$\phi$ photoproduction are compatible with those of a soft diffractive process.Comment: 23 pages, including 6 post script figure

Observation of Events with an Energetic Forward Neutron in Deep Inelastic Scattering at HERA

In deep inelastic neutral current scattering of positrons and protons at the center of mass energy of 300 GeV, we observe, with the ZEUS detector, events with a high energy neutron produced at very small scattering angles with respect to the proton direction. The events constitute a fixed fraction of the deep inelastic, neutral current event sample independent of Bjorken x and Q2 in the range 3 · 10-4 \u3c xBJ \u3c 6 · 10-3 and 10 \u3c Q2 \u3c 100 GeV2

Measurement of the reaction gamma*p-&gt;phi p in deep, inelastic e(+)p scattering at HERA

The production of phi mesons in the reaction e(+)p --> e(+)phi p (phi --> K+K-), for 7 phi p cross section rises strongly with W. This behaviour is similar to that previously found for the gamma*p --> rho(0)p cross section. This strong dependence cannot be explained by production through soft pomeron exchange, It is, however, consistent with perturbative QCD expectations, where it reflects the rise of the gluon momentum density in the proton at small x. The ratio of sigma(phi)/sigma(rho(0)), which has previously been determined by ZEUS to be 0.065 +/- 0.013 (stat.) in photoproduction at a mean W of 70 GeV, is measured to be 0.18 +/- 0.05 (stat.) +/- 0.03 (syst.) at a mean Q(2) of 12.3 GeV2 and mean W of approximate to 100 GeV and is thus approaching at large Q(2) the value of 2/9 predicted from the quark charges of the vector mesons and a flavour independent production mechanism

Measurement of Charged and Neutral Current e-p Deep Inelastic Scattering Cross Sections at High Q2

Deep inelastic e-p scattering has been studied in both the charged current (CC) and neutral current (NC) reactions at momentum transfers squared Q(2) above 400 GeV2 using the ZEUS detector at the HERA ep collider. The CC and NC total cross sections, the NC to CC cross section ratio, and the differential cross sections d sigma/dQ(2) are presented. From the Q(2) dependence of the CC cross section, the mass term in the CC propagator is determined to be M(W) = 76 +/- 16 +/- 13 GeV

Measurement of the F2F_2 structure function in deep inelastic e+pe^+ p scattering using 1994 data from the ZEUS detector at HERA

Our previous studies have shown that IWS1 (Interacts with Spt6) is a phosphorylation target of Akt and regulates the alternative RNA splicing of FGFR2, linking IWS1 with lung cancer tumorigenesis. To further address the role of IWS1 in alternative RNA splicing and lung cancer, we performed an RNA-seq study using lung adenocarcinoma cells in which IWS1 was knocked down or replaced by its phosphorylation site mutant. This identified the splicing factor U2 Associated-Factor 2 (U2AF2) as a target of IWS1 phosphorylation, by showing that the loss of phosphorylated IWS1 results in U2AF2 transcripts lacking exon 2. Exon 2 encodes part of the U2AF65 Serine-Rich (SR) Domain, which is required for its binding with pre-mRNA Processing factor 19 (Prp19). Here, we show that the loss of phosphorylated IWS1 interferes with histone H3K36 trimethylation and the assembly of LEDGF/SRSF1 splicing complexes on the U2AF2 gene in a cell-cycle specific manner. The latter results in the downregulation of cell cycle division associated 5 (CDCA5), a phosphorylation target of ERK, leading to impaired cell proliferation, G2/M phase arrest and impaired tumor growth in mouse xenografts models, an effect more pronounced in cells harboring EGFR mutations. Analysis of human lung adenocarcinoma samples reveals robust correlations between IWS1 phosphorylation, U2AF2 splicing pattern, and CDCA5/p-ERK levels, especially in EGFR mutated patients. More importantly, IWS1 phosphorylation is positively correlated with tumor stage and grade and defines poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients, harboring EGFR, and not KRAS, mutations. This work highlights the instrumental role of the AKT/p-IWS1 axis to alternative RNA splicing in governing cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis, and proposes this axis as a novel drug target and prognosis factor in lung adenocarcinoma, by concomitantly affecting the epigenetic regulation of RNA processing and oncogenic signals. The purpose of this database is to provide all the raw data materials that have led to the conclusions shown in this report. These materials include Western blotting images, PCR images, qPCR raw data and any other raw data material from resources such as plate readers. The cell imaging from IHC and cell cultures will be included in a separate dataset due to size. Along with that, the complete lab book from the whole process will be provided, showing all the procedures followed during the analysis