Atovaquon (Wellvone)

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Pharmacokinetics of antispastic drugs : a study on baclofen and dantrolene

Contains fulltext : 170191.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Radboud University, 15 januari 1991Promotor : Kleijn, E. de Co-promotor : Vree, T.B.204 p

Atovaquon (Wellvone)

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Static Contact Angle Measurements for Subsurface Hydrogen Storage

Hydrogen storage in porous media is a potential solution to the energy distribution problems we might face in the future. Intermittent energy sources such as solar and wind energy need to be accompanied with temporary energy storage to accomodate the times when production and demand do not match. Hydrogen is an energy carrier with a large mass energy density as it can be made completely green through electrolysis and it will not release greenhouse gasses when used to produce energy through combustion process. However it has to be stored in large enough volumes to reach the required energy demand. The storage can be done in the subsurface in either aquifers, depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs or salt caverns which are giant porous or cave volumes available to store compressed gases. At this moment, there is a lack of knowledge for safe and efficient hydrogen storage at reservoir (continuum cm and above) scale and pore scale (micrometer-scale). In a reservoir model the relative permeability and capillary pressure are key parameters to characterise flow behaviour and capacity. These are upscaled parameters we can find through pore-network modelling, among other approaches. For a pore-network model, the contact angle and accompanying wettability characteristics (i.e., interfacial tension) are important to obtain reliable upscaled functions and parameters.Through the use of a captive bubble method, in this thesis work, we have been able, for the first time, to characterize the contact angle of a hydrogen/brine/rock system at different pressures, temperatures, salinity's and rock compositions. It was found that the contact angle of a hydrogen/brine/rock system is in the range of between 21.1 and 43 degrees. Moreover, for the studied range of varying parameters, the contact angle stayed remained relatively constant. The results of this study are published in the Journal of Advances In Water Resources (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2021.103964).Geo-Energy Engineerin

Pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of baclofen in pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease

© 2003 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.Transient relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (TLESR) is the predominant mechanism of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in adults and children. Baclofen [4-amino-3-(p-chlorophenyl)-butanoic acid], a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-B receptor agonist used for the management of spasticity, has been recently shown to significantly inhibit GER in healthy adults without any relevant side effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of baclofen in a pediatric population with GER disease. In an open-label single-dose pharmacokinetic study, eight children with the diagnosis of GER made on clinical grounds received an oral dose of baclofen, 2.5 mg. Blood samples were drawn from an indwelling venous catheter, and urine was collected during a postdose period of 8 hours. The concentration of baclofen in these body fluids was determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with electrochemical detection after OPA-sulfite derivatization. Pharmacokinetic data were analyzed using the nonlinear regression program Scientist. Serum concentration-time curves could be best described using a two-compartment open model with a lag time. Mean plasma clearance (Cl) was 315.9 mL/h/kg; volume of distribution (Vd) was 2.58 L/kg; and half-life (T1/2β) was 5.10 hours. No side effects were noted. As half-lives were comparable with those found in adult studies, the risk for accumulation seems not greater in children than in adults. Body composition can have a strong influence on the Vd of baclofen and, therefore, on the dose needed to obtain therapeutic plasma levels. Dosing according to clearly defined age groups with the help of therapeutic drug monitoring seems preferable. In view of the negative correlation between body weight and Vd, dosing according to body weight using adult pharmacokinetic data does not seem an effective way for using baclofen in children.H. E. Wiersma, C. J. van Boxtel, J. J. Butter, W. M. C. van Aalderen, T. Omari, M. A. Benningahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1254815

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[The influence of the pharmaceutical industry on treatment guidelines],The influence of the pharmaceutical industry on treatment guidelines

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Stabiliteit van natriumhypochlorietoplossing 0,05%

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