A systematic review of safety and efficacy of hepatopancreatoduodenectomy for biliary and gallbladder cancers

AbstractObjectivesTo review the evidence on the safety and efficacy of hepatopancreatoduodenectomy for biliary and gallbladder cancers.MethodsMedline and EMBASE were systematically searched for papers of hepatopancreatoduodenectomy in patients with biliary and gallbladder cancers.ResultsEighteen studies involving 397 patients were reviewed. Major hepatectomy was undertaken in 81.3% of the 397 patients and the R0 resection rate was 71.3%. The morbidity and mortality rates were 78.9% and 10.3%, respectively. The 5-year overall survival rate ranged from 3% to 50% (median = 31%). The 5-year survival rate in patients who underwent curative resection was 18–68.8% (median = 51.3%), and 0% in patients who received non-curative resection.ConclusionsHepatopancreatoduodenectomy is a challenging procedure with high morbidity and mortality rates. However, this procedure can provide a chance of long-term survival in patients in whom curative resection is feasible

Asymmetric Flow Control in a Slab Mold through a New Type of Electromagnetic Field Arrangement

This research aims to investigate the control effect of asymmetric flow in a slab mold using a novel magnetic field arrangement: freestanding adjustable combination electromagnetic brake (FAC-EMBr). Three scenarios (submerged entry nozzle moves to the narrow face, wide face of the slab mold, and rotates 10°) were studied using three-dimensional numerical simulation. The results show that the magnetic field generated by the FAC-EMBr system can effectively cover three key zones in mold and that the magnetic flux density in the zone cover by a vertical magnetic pole can be adjusted according to the actual flow condition. The FAC-EMBr can effectively improve the asymmetric flow in a mold and near the narrow surface caused by the asymmetric arrangement of the nozzle and can effectively inhibit the occurrence of the flow deviation phenomenon and stabilize the steel/slag interface fluctuation. At the same time, FAC-EMBr has obvious inhibition effects on the surface velocity and can optimize the asymmetric distribution of the surface velocity and the upper reflux velocity caused by the asymmetric arrangement of the nozzle. This study can provide theoretical evidence for the development and utilization of a new electromagnetic brake technology

MRGazer: Decoding Eye Gaze Points from Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Individual Space

Eye-tracking research has proven valuable in understanding numerous cognitive functions. Recently, Frey et al. provided an exciting deep learning method for learning eye movements from fMRI data. However, it needed to co-register fMRI into standard space to obtain eyeballs masks, and thus required additional templates and was time consuming. To resolve this issue, in this paper, we propose a framework named MRGazer for predicting eye gaze points from fMRI in individual space. The MRGazer consisted of eyeballs extraction module and a residual network-based eye gaze prediction. Compared to the previous method, the proposed framework skips the fMRI co-registration step, simplifies the processing protocol and achieves end-to-end eye gaze regression. The proposed method achieved superior performance in a variety of eye movement tasks than the co-registration-based method, and delivered objective results within a shorter time (~ 0.02 Seconds for each volume) than prior method (~0.3 Seconds for each volume)

Influence of viral hepatitis status on prognosis in patients undergoing hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The influence of viral hepatitis status on prognosis in patients undergoing hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a matter of debate. This study is a meta-analysis of the available evidence.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A literature search was performed to identify comparative studies reporting postoperative survival of HCC in different types of viral hepatitis. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and weighted mean differences (WMD with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using either the fixed effects model or random effects model.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Twenty studies matched the selection criteria and reported on 4744 subjects, of whom 2008 in the HBV-positive (B-HCC) group, 2222 in the HCV-positive (C-HCC) group, and 514 in the hepatitis B- and C-negative (NBNC-HCC). Meta-analysis showed that patients with HBV or HCV infection had a worse 5-year disease-free survival when compared to patients with NBNC-HCC (respectively: OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.53, P < 0.001; WMD: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.64, P < 0.001). There was a tendency toward higher 5-year overall survival rates in the NBNC-HCC group compared to those in the other two groups, although these differences were not statistically significant. Both the 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival were not different among the B-HCC and C-HCC groups.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Patients with positive serology for hepatitis B or C undergoing resection for HCC had a poor prognosis compared to patients with negative serology.</p

The measurement and modeling of a P2P streaming video service

Most of the work on grid technology in the video area has been generally restricted to aspects of resource scheduling and replica management. The traffic of such a service has a lot of characteristics in common with that of the traditional video service. However the architecture and user behavior in grid networks are quite different from those of the traditional Internet. Considering the potential of grid networks and video sharing services, measuring and analyzing P2P IPTV traffic are important and fundamental works in the field of grid networks. This paper investigates the features of PPLive, the most popular streaming service in China and based on P2P technology. Through monitoring and analyzing PPLive traffic streams, the characteristics of P2P streaming services have been studied. The analyses are carried out in respect of bearing protocols, geographical distribution and the self-similarity properties of the traffic. A streaming service traffic model has been created and verified with the simulation. The simulation results indicate that the proposed streaming service traffic model complies well with the real IPTV streaming service. It can also function as a step towards studying video-sharing services on grids

Controllable Textual Inversion for Personalized Text-to-Image Generation

The recent large-scale generative modeling has attained unprecedented performance especially in producing high-fidelity images driven by text prompts. Text inversion (TI), alongside the text-to-image model backbones, is proposed as an effective technique in personalizing the generation when the prompts contain user-defined, unseen or long-tail concept tokens. Despite that, we find and show that the deployment of TI remains full of "dark-magics" -- to name a few, the harsh requirement of additional datasets, arduous human efforts in the loop and lack of robustness. In this work, we propose a much-enhanced version of TI, dubbed Controllable Textual Inversion (COTI), in resolving all the aforementioned problems and in turn delivering a robust, data-efficient and easy-to-use framework. The core to COTI is a theoretically-guided loss objective instantiated with a comprehensive and novel weighted scoring mechanism, encapsulated by an active-learning paradigm. The extensive results show that COTI significantly outperforms the prior TI-related approaches with a 26.05 decrease in the FID score and a 23.00% boost in the R-precision.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Project Page: https://github.com/jnzju/COT

PARAGEN : A Parallel Generation Toolkit

PARAGEN is a PyTorch-based NLP toolkit for further development on parallel generation. PARAGEN provides thirteen types of customizable plugins, helping users to experiment quickly with novel ideas across model architectures, optimization, and learning strategies. We implement various features, such as unlimited data loading and automatic model selection, to enhance its industrial usage. ParaGen is now deployed to support various research and industry applications at ByteDance. PARAGEN is available at https://github.com/bytedance/ParaGen.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, 6 table