3,484 research outputs found
Manipulation of heat current by the interface between graphene and white graphene
We investigate the heat current flowing across the interface between graphene
and hexagonal boron nitride (so-called white graphene) using both molecular
dynamics simulation and nonequilibrium Green's function approaches. These two
distinct methods discover the same phenomena that the heat current is reduced
linearly with increasing interface length, and the zigzag interface causes
stronger reduction of heat current than the armchair interface. These phenomena
are interpreted by both the lattice dynamics analysis and the transmission
function explanation, which both reveal that the localized phonon modes at
interfaces are responsible for the heat management. The room temperature
interface thermal resistance is about mK/W in zigzag
interface and mK/W in armchair interface, which
directly results in stronger heat reduction in zigzag interface. Our
theoretical results provide a specific route for experimentalists to control
the heat transport in the graphene and hexagonal boron nitride compound through
shaping the interface between these two materials.Comment: accepted by EP
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Low-Level Saturated Fatty Acid Palmitate Benefits Liver Cells by Boosting Mitochondrial Metabolism via CDK1-SIRT3-CPT2 Cascade.
Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (the "bad" fat), especially palmitate (PA), in the human diet are blamed for potential health risks such as obesity and cancer because of SFA-induced lipotoxicity. However, epidemiological results demonstrate a latent benefit of SFAs, and it remains elusive whether a certain low level of SFAs is physiologically essential for maintaining cell metabolic hemostasis. Here, we demonstrate that although high-level PA (HPA) indeed induces lipotoxic effects in liver cells, low-level PA (LPA) increases mitochondrial functions and alleviates the injuries induced by HPA or hepatoxic agent carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). LPA treatment in mice enhanced liver mitochondrial activity and reduced CCl4 hepatotoxicity with improved blood levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and mitochondrial aspartate transaminase (m-AST). LPA-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis is regulated by CDK1-mediated SIRT3 phosphorylation, which in turn deacetylates and dimerizes CPT2 to enhance fatty acid oxidation. Thus, an advantageous effect is suggested by the consumption of LPA that augments mitochondrial metabolic homeostasis via CDK1-SIRT3-CPT2 cascade
Observation of orbital ordering and origin of the nematic order in FeSe
To elucidate the origin of nematic order in FeSe, we performed
field-dependent 77Se-NMR measurements on single crystals of FeSe. We observed
orbital ordering from the splitting of the NMR spectra and Knight shift and a
suppression of it with magnetic field B0 up to 16 T applied parallel to the
Fe-planes. There is a significant change in the distribution and magnitude of
the internal magnetic field across the orbital ordering temperature Torb while
stripe-type antiferromagnetism is absent. Giant antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin
fluctuations measured by the NMR spin-lattice relaxation are gradually
developed starting at ~ 40 K, which is far below the nematic ordering
temperature Tnem. These results demonstrate that orbital ordering is the origin
of the nematic order, and the AFM spin fluctuation is the driving mechanism of
superconductivity in FeSe under the presence of the nematic order.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Walks on weighted networks
We investigate the dynamics of random walks on weighted networks. Assuming
that the edge's weight and the node's strength are used as local information by
a random walker, we study two kinds of walks, weight-dependent walk and
strength-dependent walk. Exact expressions for stationary distribution and
average return time are derived and confirmed by computer simulations. We
calculate the distribution of average return time and the mean-square
displacement for two walks on the BBV networks, and find that a
weight-dependent walker can arrive at a new territory more easily than a
strength-dependent one.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures. minor modifications. Comments and suggestions are
favored by the author
Instrumentation of YSZ oxygen sensor calibration in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic
Liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE), a good candidate for the coolant in the subcritical transmutation blanket, is known to be very corrosive to the stainless steel that transports it. Such a corrosion problem can be prevented by producing and maintaining a protective oxide layer on the exposed surface of the stainless steel. Proper formation of the oxide layer critically depends on the accurate measurement and control of the oxygen concentration in liquid LBE. An oxygen sensor calibration/measurement apparatus has been designed and built to deliberately calibrate an yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) oxygen sensor. A detailed description of this system with its main components and their functions is presented. Calibration curves of voltage vs. temperature, ranging from 350°C to 550°C, under various oxygen concentrations in liquid LBE have been obtained for the YSZ oxygen sensors, and are presented and analyzed. The characteristics of this YSZ oxygen sensor are analysed and discussed
Hadronic Production of the Doubly Charmed Baryon with Intrinsic Charm
The effects of the intrinsic charm on the hadronic production of
are studied. By taking reasonable intrinsic charm component into account, the
change of the theoretical prediction on the production of for LHC
and Tevatron is small, but in contrast it may enhance significantly for SELEX.
The reason is that the collision energy at LHC and Tevatron is so large that
the gluon-gluon fusion sub-process, which is irrelevant to intrinsic charm,
becomes dominant. But the situation for SELEX is quite different. Our numerical
results for SELEX show that by considering all the contributions from various
sub-processes, the predicted cross-section may be enhanced by a factor so big
as due to a modulating intrinsic charm being taken into account.
Therefore, the hadronic production of at SELEX may be sensitive
enough in observing the intrinsic charm inside the incident hadrons.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures. More discussions are adde
A systematic TMRT observational study of Galactic C/C ratios from Formaldehyde
We present observations of the C-band (4.8 GHz) and Ku-band
(14.5 GHz) K-doublet lines of HCO and the C-band
(4.6 GHz) line of HCO toward a large sample of
Galactic molecular clouds, through the Shanghai Tianma 65-m radio telescope
(TMRT). Our sample with 112 sources includes strong HCO sources from the
TMRT molecular line survey at C-band and other known HCO sources. All three
lines are detected toward 38 objects (43 radial velocity components) yielding a
detection rate of 34\%. Complementary observations of their continuum emission
at both C- and Ku-bands were performed. Combining spectral line parameters and
continuum data, we calculate the column densities, the optical depths and the
isotope ratio HCO/HCO for each source. To evaluate photon
trapping caused by sometimes significant opacities in the main isotopologue's
rotational mm-wave lines connecting our measured K-doublets, and to obtain
C/C abundance ratios, we used the RADEX non-LTE model accounting
for radiative transfer effects. This implied the use of the new collision rates
from \citet{Wiesenfeld2013}. Also implementing distance values from
trigonometric parallax measurements for our sources, we obtain a linear fit of
C/C = (5.081.10)D + (11.866.60), with a
correlation coefficient of 0.58. D refers to Galactocentric distances.
Our C/C ratios agree very well with the ones deduced from CN and
CO but are lower than those previously reported on the basis of HCO,
tending to suggest that the bulk of the HCO in our sources was formed on
dust grain mantles and not in the gas phase.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in The
Astrophysical Journa
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