An Efficient Montgomery Exponentiation Algorithm for Cryptographic Applications

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The Innovative Bike Conceptual Design by Using Modified Functional Element Design Method

The purpose of the study is to propose a new design process by modifying functional element design approach which can commence a large amount of innovative concepts within a short period of time. Firstly, the original creative functional elements design method is analyzed and the drawbacks are discussed. Then, the modified is proposed and is divided into 6 steps. The creative functional element representations, generalization, specialization, and particularization are used in this method. Every step is described clearly, and users could design by following the process easily. In this paper, a clear and accurate design process is proposed based on the creative functional element design method. By following this method, a lot of innovative bicycles will be created quickly

ANALYSIS OF GRIP FORCE DURING GOLF PUTTING AT DIFFERENT DISTANCES - PILOT STUDY

The purpose of this study was to explore the grip force performance at different distances during putting stroke. Four golfers (2 professionals and 2 novices) as accurately as possible executed a putt to reach 1, 2 and 3 m target distance, respectively. Putting motions were recorded by JVC video and grip pressure measurement sensor placed on two hands, allowing the force output of all regions of the hands to be measured. The grip force trace among 1 to 3 m distance was repeatable across putting strokes for each golfer but between golfers was inconsistent. Dominant forces appear to arise primarily from the left hand. In this study, the grip force and force distribution were preliminarily discovered during putting stroke at different distances. This research has suggested a potentially important influence of grip force on the golf putting performance in long distance

Ex-Ante PLM Misfit Analysis Methodology: A Cognitive Fit Approach

Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) systems have been introduced by companies to facilitate their new product development process to shorten the product time to market, reduce the product development cost, and meet the dynamic demands of customers. However, PLM implementation is not an easy job and some of the attempted projects failed. A common problem encountered in adopting PLM packages has been the issue of misfits, i.e., the gaps between the specifications offered by a PLM package and those required by the adopting organization, which easily causes the project to fail. Current approaches for the ex-ante analysis of PLM misfits are extremely limited. This paper develops a methodology grounded in the extended cognitive fit theory for the misfit analysis. This approach can assist in identifying and representing consistent set of information for functions and workflow processes across business requirements and the PLM package. Particularly, Petri nets that are of graphical representations and easy to understand are employed to model the function-embedded workflow process. A case study is presented to examine the feasibility of this approach. We conclude that with our methodology, PLM analysts or adopting organizations can systematically identify potential misfits and the degree of misfit between the business requirements and PLM packages in an ex-ante analysis to mitigate the risks in PLM implementations

Dirac-Electrons-Mediated Magnetic Proximity Effect in Topological Insulator / Magnetic Insulator Heterostructures

The possible realization of dissipationless chiral edge current in a topological insulator / magnetic insulator heterostructure is based on the condition that the magnetic proximity exchange coupling at the interface is dominated by the Dirac surface states of the topological insulator. Here we report a polarized neutron reflectometry observation of Dirac electrons mediated magnetic proximity effect in a bulk-insulating topological insulator (Bi$_{0.2}$Sb$_{0.8}$)$_{2}$Te$_{3}$ / magnetic insulator EuS heterostructure. We are able to maximize the proximity induced magnetism by applying an electrical back gate to tune the Fermi level of topological insulator to be close to the charge neutral point. A phenomenological model based on diamagnetic screening is developed to explain the suppressed proximity induced magnetism at high carrier density. Our work paves the way to utilize the magnetic proximity effect at the topological insulator/magnetic insulator hetero-interface for low-power spintronic applications.Comment: 5 pages main text with 4 figures; 2 pages supplemental materials; suggestions and discussions are welcome

Effect of Influenza Vaccination on Mortality and Risk of Hospitalization in Elderly Individuals with and without Disabilities: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study

Purpose: The effects of influenza vaccines are unclear for elderly individuals with disabilities. We use a population-based cohort study to estimate the effects of influenza vaccines in elderly individuals with and without disabilities. Methods: Data were taken from the National Health Insurance Research Database and Disabled Population Profile of Taiwan. A total of 2,741,403 adults aged 65 or older were identified and 394,490 were people with a disability. These two groups were further divided into those who had or had not received an influenza vaccine. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to compare the relative risks (RRs) of death and hospitalization across the four groups. Results: 30.78% elderly individuals without a disability and 34.59% elderly individuals with a disability had vaccinated for influenza. Compared to the unvaccinated elderly without a disability, the vaccinated elderly without a disability had significantly lower risks in all-cause mortality (RR = 0.64) and hospitalization for any of the influenza-related diseases (RR = 0.91). Both the unvaccinated and vaccinated elderly with a disability had significantly higher risks in all-cause mortality (RR = 1.81 and 1.18, respectively) and hospitalization for any of the influenza-related diseases (RR = 1.73 and 1.59, respectively). Conclusions: The elderly with a disability had higher risks in mortality and hospitalization than those without a disability; however, receiving influenza vaccinations could still generate more protection to the disabled elderl

Urothelial Inverted Papilloma of the Lower Urinary Tract—A Benign Lesion or a Precursor of Malignancy?

ObjectiveWe investigated the clinical characteristics and follow-up results of patients with a lower urinary tract inverted papilloma (IP) in our hospital, with the intention of clarifying whether certain groups require more aggressive surveillance.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of lower urinary tract IP, using the pathology database of Taipei Veterans General Hospital, from September 1992 to February 2008. In total, 67 patients were enrolled. Patients' clinical characteristics, symptoms, tumor locations, and follow-up data were analyzed.ResultsAmong the 67 patients diagnosed with IP, 59 were male and eight were female, with a mean age of 67.9 ± 12.4 years. Gross hematuria and lower-urinary-tract symptoms were the most common symptoms. All of the patients received transurethral resection as initial treatment. Thirty-eight of these patients were monitored for a median of 21 months (range: 3–168 months). Seven patients had synchronous urothelial malignancies, and one had recurrent IP during follow-up. No patient had subsequent urothelial carcinoma or IP recurrence without a synchronous or previous urothelial malignancy during follow-up.ConclusionThere is a low incidence of developing a subsequent malignancy with a simple IP lesion during follow-up. Rigorous surveillance may be unnecessary in IP patients without a synchronous or previous urothelial malignancy