1,097 research outputs found
Topological Crystalline Insulator and Quantum Anomalous Hall States in IV-VI based Monolayers and their Quantum Wells
Different from the two-dimensional (2D) topological insulator, the 2D
topological crystalline insulator (TCI) phase disappears when the mirror
symmetry is broken, e.g., upon placing on a substrate. Here, based on a new
family of 2D TCIs - SnTe and PbTe monolayers - we theoretically predict the
realization of the quantum anomalous Hall effect with Chern number C = 2 even
when the mirror symmetry is broken. Remarkably, we also demonstrate that the
considered materials retain their large-gap topological properties in quantum
well structures obtained by sandwiching the monolayers between NaCl layers. Our
results demonstrate that the TCIs can serve as a seed for observing robust
topologically non-trivial phases.Comment: 5 pages, submitted on 27th Feb 201
Effect of interface states on spin-dependent tunneling in Fe/MgO/Fe tunnel junctions
The electronic structure and spin-dependent tunneling in epitaxial
Fe/MgO/Fe(001) tunnel junctions are studied using first-principles
calculations. For small MgO barrier thickness the minority-spin resonant bands
at the two interfaces make a significant contribution to the tunneling
conductance for the antiparallel magnetization, whereas these bands are, in
practice, mismatched by disorder and/or small applied bias for the parallel
magnetization. This explains the experimentally observed decrease in tunneling
magnetoresistance (TMR) for thin MgO barriers. We predict that a monolayer of
Ag epitaxially deposited at the interface between Fe and MgO suppresses
tunneling through the interface band and may thus be used to enhance the TMR
for thin barriers.Comment: 4 pages, 3 eps figures (2 in color), revtex
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ (Π―ΠΠΠ)
By focusing fs-laser radiation in the volume of a transparent material the refractive index can be changed locally, leading to 3-dimensional waveguiding structures. Waveguides are written in phosphate glass (IOG from Schott) at a depth of 100 Β΅m below the surface. The pulse energy and the scan velocity are varied. For the first time the optical path difference caused by the waveguides and therefore the refractive index distribution of the waveguides and their cross sections are determined using interference microscopy. The optical path difference measured in the written structures and their cross sections is analyzed by a phase-shift algorithm. Thus, the refractive index distribution both along a line perpendicular to the waveguide and in the plane of a cross section is determined. The results are visualized as 2-dimensional graphics. Several regions of opposite sign of the refractive index change are observed in the cross sections of waveguides generated by femtosecond laser pulses. The number and the size of these regions are increasing with increasing pulse energy and decreasing scan velocity
Spin-polarized tunneling between an antiferromagnet and a ferromagnet: First-principles calculations and transport theory
By combining first-principles calculations with transport theory we investigate the origin of the magnetoresistance of a magnetic tunnel junction consisting of a ferromagnetic and an antiferromagnetic lead. The (001) oriented Fe/vacuum/Cr planar junction serves as model junction. Even though the conduction electrons of antiferromagnetic Cr are spin-degenerate, it is possible to observe magnetoresistance due to two mechanisms: Firstly, the surface magnetism of Cr creates a spin-dependent potential barrier, and secondly, exchange-split surface states and resonances result in a tunneling conductance which depends on the relative orientation of the Fe and Cr magnetizations. Spin-dependent tunneling between a ferromagnet and an antiferromagnet happens frequently in tunneling setups such as in spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy or magnetic tunnel junctions for magnetic random access memory
ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅
The fabrication of microchannels and self-assembled nanostructures in the volume of sapphire was performed by femtosecond laser irradiation followed by chemical etching with aqueous solution of HF acid. Depending on the focusing conditions self-organized nanostructures or elliptical microchannels are produced. While the dimensions in two directions are on a micro- respectively nanoscale, feature lengths of up to 1 mm are achieved. This comes out to aspect ratios of more than 1000. This fabrication technique is potentially usable for photonic crystal based integrated optical elements or microfluidic devices for applications in life science, biology or chemistry
Density of Phonon States in Superconducting FeSe as a Function of Temperature and Pressure
The temperature and pressure dependence of the partial density of phonon
states of iron atoms in superconducting Fe1.01Se was studied by 57Fe nuclear
inelastic scattering (NIS). The high energy resolution allows for a detailed
observation of spectral properties. A sharpening of the optical phonon modes
and shift of all spectral features towards higher energies by ~4% with
decreasing temperature from 296 K to 10 K was found. However, no detectable
change at the tetragonal - orthorhombic phase transition around 100 K was
observed. Application of a pressure of 6.7 GPa, connected with an increase of
the superconducting temperature from 8 K to 34 K, results in an increase of the
optical phonon mode energies at 296 K by ~12%, and an even more pronounced
increase for the lowest-lying transversal acoustic mode. Despite these strong
pressure-induced modifications of the phonon-DOS we conclude that the
pronounced increase of Tc in Fe1.01Se with pressure cannot be described in the
framework of classical electron-phonon coupling. This result suggests the
importance of spin fluctuations to the observed superconductivity
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ: ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π₯Π₯?Π₯Π₯? Π²Π².)
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΎΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΆΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ - Ρ
ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ°ΡΡ
Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ
, Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² Π»ΠΈΠ½Π³Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°-ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° - Π₯Π₯-Π₯Π₯I Π²Π². Π‘ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ - ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ° ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ: ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ° Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ΅, Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Maximally Localized Wannier Functions within the FLAPW formalism
We report on the implementation of the Wannier Functions (WFs) formalism
within the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method (FLAPW),
suitable for bulk, film and one-dimensional geometries. The details of the
implementation, as well as results for the metallic SrVO3, ferroelectric BaTiO3
grown on SrTiO3, covalently bonded graphene and a one-dimensional Pt-chain are
given. We discuss the effect of spin-orbit coupling on the Wannier Functions
for the cases of SrVO3 and platinum. The dependency of the WFs on the choice of
the localized trial orbitals as well as the difference between the maximally
localized and "first-guess" WFs are discussed. Our results on SrVO3 and BaTiO3,
e.g. the ferroelectric polarization of BaTiO3, are compared to results
published elsewhere and found to be in excellent agreement.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
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