Emerging concepts in biomarker discovery; The US-Japan workshop on immunological molecular markers in oncology

Supported by the Office of International Affairs, National Cancer Institute (NCI), the "US-Japan Workshop on Immunological Biomarkers in Oncology" was held in March 2009. The workshop was related to a task force launched by the International Society for the Biological Therapy of Cancer (iSBTc) and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to identify strategies for biomarker discovery and validation in the field of biotherapy. The effort will culminate on October 28th 2009 in the "iSBTc-FDA-NCI Workshop on Prognostic and Predictive Immunologic Biomarkers in Cancer", which will be held in Washington DC in association with the Annual Meeting. The purposes of the US-Japan workshop were a) to discuss novel approaches to enhance the discovery of predictive and/or prognostic markers in cancer immunotherapy; b) to define the state of the science in biomarker discovery and validation. The participation of Japanese and US scientists provided the opportunity to identify shared or discordant themes across the distinct immune genetic background and the diverse prevalence of disease between the two Nations

Identification of near-infrared Cr²⁺ luminescence in ZnSe

A Cr-related near-infrared photoluminescence (PL) band in ZnSe with a main nophonon line at 10 702.2 cm−1 is investigated. Zeeman splitting indicates a tetragonally distorted ground state. The experimental data agree well with calculations using a spin Hamiltonian with parameters obtained from the 5T2(D) ground state of ZnSe: Cr2+(d4). This contradicts a former assignment of the PL band to a 4T1/ G→6A1(S) emission of ZnSe: Cr+(d5). Crystal field calculations demonstrate that the observed no-phonon lines and the corresponding luminescence band can reasonably be interpreted in terms of a 3T1(H)→5T2(D) transition within the d4 configuration of Cr2+. Furthermore, the influence of unmodulated supplementary irradiation on transmission and PL excitation spectra is discussed

Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Fachgebiet Hochspannungstechnik. Bericht 1986/87

SIGLETIB Hannover: ZB 1462(1986/87) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Contingent capture in cueing: the role of color search templates and cue-target color relations

Visual search studies have shown that attention can be top-down biased to a specific target color, so that only items with this color or a similar color can capture attention. According to some theories of attention, colors from different categories (i.e., red, green, blue, yellow) are represented independently. However, other accounts have proposed that these are related-either because color is filtered through broad overlapping channels (4-channel view), or because colors are represented in one continuous feature space (e.g., CIE space) and search is governed by specific principles (e.g., linear separability between colors, or top-down tuning to relative colors). The present study tested these different views using a cueing experiment in which observers had to select one target color (e.g., red) and ignore two or four differently colored distractors that were presented prior to the target (cues). The results showed clear evidence for top-down contingent capture by colors, as a target-colored cue captured attention more strongly than differently colored cues. However, the results failed to support any of the proposed views that different color categories are related to one another by overlapping channels, linear separability, or relational guidance (N = 96)