9 research outputs found

    Biodiversidad de Bacillus thuringiensis patotipos II y IV y Bacillus sphaericus aislados de suelos agrícolas peruanos

    Get PDF
    Se aislaron 18 cepas nativas de Bacillus thuringiensis y 3 cepas de Bacillus sphaericus con potencial mosquitocida, de 175 muestras de aguas estancadas y suelos agrícolas de diferentes partes del país. Las observaciones microscópicas de colonias características, mostraron la presencia de cristales parasporales típicos de B thuringiensis. Los bioensayos realizados mostraron a las cepas BT-UNMSM-112 y BT-UNMSM-118 como las de mayor capacidad entomocida frente a los primeros estadios de Anopheles pseudopunctipennis y B. sphaericus - Bs-UNMSM 107 mostró la mayor efectividad frente a Culex spp. Se determinó los niveles de susceptibilidad, en el laboratorio, de esta especie a Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis y Bacillus sphaericus, encontrándose una CL50 de 0.215 y 0.360 ìg /mL y CL90 0.236 y 0.428  ìg/ mL para B. thuringiensis BT-UNMSM 112 y BT-UNMSM 118 respectivamente y una CL50 de 0.87 ìg/mL y una CL90 de 0.95 ìg/mL para B. sphaericus Bs-UNMSM 107 frente a An. pseudopunctipennis. Para Culex spp se encontró 90 una CL50 de 0.562 y 0.920 ìg /mLy CL90 2.52 y 3.20 ìg/ mL para B. thuringiensis BT-UNMSM 112 y BT-UNMSM 118 respectivamente y una CL50 de 0.34 ìg/mL y una CL90 de 0.44 ìg/mL con B. sphaericus Bs-UNMSM-107

    REDUCCIÓN DE DESECHOS EN LA PRODUCCIÓN DE ÁCIDO CARMÍNICO APLICANDO TECNOLOGÍA PINCH

    No full text
    An integrated approach to the design and analisis of heat exchanger networrks (HEN) Is outlined. A case study is used, carminic acid,, to illustrate this integrated approach, to emphasize the economy of 60% energy with respect to convectional process.Se esbozó un análisis de integración de energía por aproximación para el diseño y análisis de una red de transferencia de calor (HEN). Se utilizó un caso estudio, ácido carmínico, para ilustrar esta vía de integración por aproximación y resaltar el ahorro del 60% de consumo de energía con respecto al proceso convencional

    INTEGRACIÓN DE PROCESO BATCH DE ÁCIDO CARMÍNICO APLICANDO TECNOLOGÍA PINCH

    No full text
    This work was developed in order to implement the PINCH technology integration batch process for carminic acid. The method used consisted of the application of the concepts of bottle necks total process (OPB) together with part-time models (TAM) and time fractionated! (TSM). The drying operation is identified as the rate limiting step of the process identifying it as an OPB plant capacity. The extraction yield was 95% w / p carminic acid with an energy savings of approximately 60% of the conventional requirement.El presente trabajo se desarrolló con la finalidad de aplicar la tecnología PINCH en la integración de proceso batch para ácido carmínico. El método utilizado consistió en la aplicación de los conceptos de cuellos de botella total del proceso (OPB) juntamente con los modelos de tiempo medio (TAM) y tiempo fraccional (TSM). Se identificó la operación de secado como la etapa de velocidad limitante del proceso identificándolo como un OPB de capacidad de planta. El rendimiento de extracción fue del 95% p/ p de ácido carmínico con un ahorro de energía aproximado del 60% del requisito convencional

    OPTIMIZACIÓN DE PARÁMETROS FERMENTATIVOS PARA PRODUCCIÖN DE BIOMASA FORRAJERA CON LEVADURAS DESARROLLADAS EN CULTIVOS BATCH SOBRE SUERO LÁCTEO CRUDO Y DESPROTEINIZADO

    No full text
    This work was carried out with the purpose to optimize physical chemical parameters obtain a microbial biomass from Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL –Y-1109 y Candida pseudotropicalis BT-UNMSM_6 . The yeasts were grown on sweet whey crude and deproteinized, supplemented with nitrogen and vitamins sources. The optimization of fermentation parameters was obtained applying a Taguchi´s factorial design. It was established as optimal conditions: An pH 4.5; Temperature 30 °C and an aeration rate of 1.475 VVM; Agitation speed 600 RPM, Lactose concentration 5 g/L; (NH4)2S04 6 g/L; Yeast extract 1.5 g/L . The average biomass yield obtained was 0.56 g/g lactose and 0.54 g/g Lactose for K. marxianus and C. pseudotropicalis respectively grown on sweet whey deproteinized diluted 50%, and Cellular yield 0.405 g/g with K. marxianus NRRL-Y-1109 and Yx/s 0.38 g/g with Candida pseudotropicalis grown on sweet whey crude. A lactose consumption of 98.25 & 94.45% and a cellular concentration of 12.75 g/L & 12.52 g/L respectively at the end of the fermentation.Se efectuó la optimización de parámetros de producción de biomasa de las levaduras Kluyveromyces marxianus NRRL –Y-1109 y Candida pseudotropicalis BT-UNMSM_6 sobre Suero lácteo crudo y desproteinizado suplementado con fuentes de nitrógeno y vitaminas. La optimización de parámetros se obtuvo aplicando un diseño estadístico factorial simplificada de Taguchi modificado. Se establecieron como condiciones óptimas para lograr el máximo rendimiento de biomasa: una temperatura de 30 °C, pH = 4,5; Agitación 600 RPM, un flujo de aireación de 1,475 volúmenes de aire por volumen de medio por minuto (VVM), Concentración de Lactosa 5 g/L; (NH4)2S04 6 g/L; Extracto de levadura 1.5 g/L. Se obtuvo un rendimiento promedio de: biomasa de 0,56 g/g lactosa, con K. marxianus NRRL-Y-1109 y un rendimiento de biomasa Yx/s 0.54 g/g lactosa para Candida pseudotropicalis en suero lácteo desproteinizado y diluido al 50% y un rendimiento de biomasa de 0,425 g/g , con K. marxianus NRRL-Y-1109 y un rendimiento Yx/s 0.38 g/g para Candida pseudotropicalis en suero lácteo crudo, un consumo de lactosa del 98.25% y 94.45%, una concentración celular 12,75 y 12.52 g/L, respectivamente, al final de la fermentación

    Biodiversidad de Bacillus thuringiensis aislados de agroecosistemas peruanos y evaluación del potencial bioinsecticida

    Get PDF
    The biological control of pests & mites on peruvian agriculture was characterized by the intensive use of chemical pesticides. However, the decrease on yield and the emergence of resistance to pesticides have obligated to farmers to increase chemical pesticide use for plague control. This has caused environmental pollution, benefical insects death, persistence chemicals residues on fruits, acute and chronic toxicity risks, moreover an increase on production costs. The objectives of this research were to isolate and to characterize B. thuringiensis native strains, and) to evaluate entomotoxic potential against Spodoptera frugiperda. Were isolated 54 natives strains of Bacillus thuringiensis from peruvian agricultural soils. Microscopic morphology showed parasporal crystals characteristic of B. thuringiensis diversity. The strains were evaluated and confirmed with biochemistry and growing characteristic. The bioassays performed on Spodoptera frugiperda showed the strain BT-UNMSM-42 had the most efficient toxicity with 39,73% mortality to 50 μg/mL and 71,93% mortality to 250 μg/mL, with standard deviation 11,30 and 9,98; respectively.El control de plagas en la agricultura peruana se ha caracterizado por el uso intensivo de plaguicidas químicos; sin embargo, las pérdidas en el rendimiento y la aparición de resistencia en las plagas han llevado a los productores a incrementar el uso de plaguicidas. Este uso indiscriminado genera problemas de contaminación ambiental, muerte de la fauna benéfica, presencia de residuos químicos en los frutos, riesgo de intoxicaciones agudas y crónicas; además, incremento en los costos de producción. Los objetivos propuestos fueron aislar y caracterizar cepas de Bacillus thuringiensis de interés biotecnológico de suelos agrícolas peruanos, y evaluar su potencial entomotóxico frente a Spodoptera frugiperda. Se aislaron 54 cepas de Bacillus thuringiensis de 385 muestras de suelo agrícola de diferentes partes del país. Las observaciones microscópicas mostraron la presencia de cristales parasporales característicos. Las cepas aisladas fueron evaluadas y confirmadas en sus características culturales y bioquímicas. Los bioensayos realizados sobre Spodoptera frugiperda, mostraron que la cepa Bt-UNMSM-42 posee una toxicidad superior al resto de las cepas con una media de mortalidad de 39,73% con 50 μg/mL y de 71,93% para 250 μg/mL, con una desviación estándar de 11,30 y 9,98; respectivamente

    Pain reduction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving tofacitinib monotherapy with or without pain medication: a post hoc analysis of pooled data from phase 2, phase 3 and phase 3B/4 studies

    No full text
    Background: Tofacitinib is an oral JAK inhibitor for the treatment of RA. Pain is the most common symptom reported by patients (pts) with RA,1,2 thus reduction of pain is an important treatment goal. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of tofacitinib monotherapy ± pain medication on pain in pts with RA. Methods: This pooled post hoc analysis included pts who received tofacitinib 5 mg BID monotherapy (ie without csDMARDs) in Phase (P)2 (NCT00550446), P3 (ORAL Solo; NCT00814307) and P3b/4 (ORAL Strategy; NCT02187055) studies. Pts were stratified by concomitant use of ‘any pain therapy’ (opioids, plain analgesics [eg acetaminophen], NSAIDs or glucocorticoids [GC; ≤10 mg of prednisone or equivalent per day]), ‘pure analgesics’ (opioids or plain analgesics) and ‘adjuvant analgesics’ (NSAIDs or GC). Pts receiving pain medication at baseline (BL) maintained a stable dose during the studies; opioid and/or acetaminophen dose could be increased as rescue therapy. Efficacy outcomes were assessed at Month (M)3 and M6: change from BL (δ) in Pt Assessment of Pain (Pain; visual analogue scale [VAS]) and δPain stratified by DAS28-4(ESR)-defined low disease activity (LDA; ≤3.2) status at M3 and M6. Results: Of 676 pts who received tofacitinib 5 mg BID monotherapy, 604 (89%) received ‘any pain therapy’, 141 (21%) received ‘pure analgesics’ and 589 (87%) received ‘adjuvant analgesics’. Demographics and BL disease characteristics, including disease activity and Pain VAS, were generally similar when stratified by use/type of pain medication. Reductions in pain (δPain VAS) at M3 and M6 were generally similar for pts who received tofacitinib with ‘any pain therapy’ vs those who did not receive ‘any pain therapy’ (Figure 1a). There was a trend for a numerically greater reduction in pain at M3 and M6 in pts who received tofacitinib with ‘any pain therapy’ and who achieved LDA at M3 and M6 vs those who received tofacitinib with ‘any pain therapy’ and did not achieve LDA (95% CI overlapped; Figure 1b). By contrast, pain reductions were similar for pts who received tofacitinib without ‘any pain therapy’, irrespective of LDA status. Similar trends were seen when pts were stratified by use of ‘pure analgesics’ and ‘adjuvant analgesics’ (data not shown). Conclusion: In this pooled post hoc analysis, pain reduction was similar in pts with RA receiving tofacitinib, regardless of pain medication use. Pain reduction was similar in pts receiving tofacitinib without ‘any pain therapy’, irrespective of LDA status. These results should be interpreted with caution, as pain medication could be used as rescue therapy, few pts received tofacitinib without ‘any pain therapy’, and confounding by indication cannot be excluded. Further analyses are required to explore the impact of tofacitinib on the relationship between reductions in pain and disease activity
    corecore