27 research outputs found
Overexpression of Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 5 Increases Fatty Acid Oxidation and Free Radical Formation While Attenuating Insulin Signaling in Primary Human Skeletal Myotubes
In rodent skeletal muscle, acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase 5 (ACSL-5) is suggested to localize to the mitochondria but its precise function in human skeletal muscle is unknown. The purpose of these studies was to define the role of ACSL-5 in mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism and the potential effects on insulin action in human skeletal muscle cells (HSKMC). Primary myoblasts isolated from vastus lateralis (obese women (body mass index (BMI) = 34.7 ± 3.1 kg/m2)) were transfected with ACSL-5 plasmid DNA or green fluorescent protein (GFP) vector (control), differentiated into myotubes, and harvested (7 days). HSKMC were assayed for complete and incomplete fatty acid oxidation ([1-14C] palmitate) or permeabilized to determine mitochondrial respiratory capacity (basal (non-ADP stimulated state 4), maximal uncoupled (carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP)-linked) respiration, and free radical (superoxide) emitting potential). Protein levels of ACSL-5 were 2-fold higher in ACSL-5 overexpressed HSKMC. Both complete and incomplete fatty acid oxidation increased by 2-fold (p < 0.05). In permeabilized HSKMC, ACSL-5 overexpression significantly increased basal and maximal uncoupled respiration (p < 0.05). Unexpectedly, however, elevated ACSL-5 expression increased mitochondrial superoxide production (+30%), which was associated with a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in insulin-stimulated p-Akt and p-AS160 protein levels. We concluded that ACSL-5 in human skeletal muscle functions to increase mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, but contrary to conventional wisdom, is associated with increased free radical production and reduced insulin signaling
Inheritance of the CENP-A chromatin domain is spatially and temporally constrained at human centromeres
A dor além dos confins do homem: aproximações preliminares ao debate entre Frances Power Cobbe e os darwinistas a respeito da vivissecção na Inglaterra vitoriana (1863-1904)
The Evaluation of a Hypertext Discussion Tool for Teaching English Literature to Secondary School Students
Effect of Ca, K and B supply on water-stress induced chlorophyll loss from tobacco and cotton leaf discs
Overexpression of Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 5 Increases Fatty Acid Oxidation and Free Radical Formation While Attenuating Insulin Signaling in Primary Human Skeletal Myotubes
In rodent skeletal muscle, acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase 5 (ACSL-5) is suggested to localize to the mitochondria but its precise function in human skeletal muscle is unknown. The purpose of these studies was to define the role of ACSL-5 in mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism and the potential effects on insulin action in human skeletal muscle cells (HSKMC). Primary myoblasts isolated from vastus lateralis (obese women (body mass index (BMI) = 34.7 ± 3.1 kg/m2)) were transfected with ACSL-5 plasmid DNA or green fluorescent protein (GFP) vector (control), differentiated into myotubes, and harvested (7 days). HSKMC were assayed for complete and incomplete fatty acid oxidation ([1-14C] palmitate) or permeabilized to determine mitochondrial respiratory capacity (basal (non-ADP stimulated state 4), maximal uncoupled (carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP)-linked) respiration, and free radical (superoxide) emitting potential). Protein levels of ACSL-5 were 2-fold higher in ACSL-5 overexpressed HSKMC. Both complete and incomplete fatty acid oxidation increased by 2-fold (p < 0.05). In permeabilized HSKMC, ACSL-5 overexpression significantly increased basal and maximal uncoupled respiration (p < 0.05). Unexpectedly, however, elevated ACSL-5 expression increased mitochondrial superoxide production (+30%), which was associated with a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in insulin-stimulated p-Akt and p-AS160 protein levels. We concluded that ACSL-5 in human skeletal muscle functions to increase mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, but contrary to conventional wisdom, is associated with increased free radical production and reduced insulin signaling
908-109 Incremental Prognostic Value of Electrocardiographic Findings when Added to Baseline Clinical Variables in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
790-4 The Prognostic Importance of Anterior ST-Segment Depression in Inferior Myocardial Infarctions: Results in 16,185 Patients
A Longitudinal Examination of Mothers’ and Fathers’ Social Information Processing Biases and Harsh Discipline in Nine Countries
This study examined whether parents’ social information processingwas related to their subsequent reports of their harsh discipline. Interviews were conducted
with mothers (n ¼ 1,277) and fathers (n ¼ 1,030) of children in 1,297 families in nine countries (China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines,
Sweden, Thailand, and the United States), initially when children were 7 to 9 years old and again 1 year later. Structural equation models showed that parents’
positive evaluations of aggressive responses to hypothetical childrearing vignettes at Time 1 predicted parents’ self-reported harsh physical and nonphysical
discipline at Time 2. This link was consistent across mothers and fathers, and across the nine countries, providing support for the universality of the link
between positive evaluations of harsh discipline and parents’ aggressive behavior toward children. The results suggest that international efforts to eliminate
violence toward children could target parents’ beliefs about the acceptability and advisability of using harsh physical and nonphysical forms of discipline