672 research outputs found
Major League Baseball and Drugs: Fight the Problem or the Player?
The drug abuse issue is one of the most emotionally charged and important questions facing sports and society today
Full Court Press: Northwestern University, A New Challenge To The NCAA
In recent years, a host of issues have arisen between the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the college athletes who provide the labor from which the NCAA and its member universities derive their profits. Many of these issues have been heavily publicized and have spurred a heated debate over the status of college athletes and the future of the collegiate athletic system. This Article primarily focuses on the issue of college athletesâ status as employees for purposes of federal labor law. The significant increase in the popularity of college sports in recent years has led to conference realignment, facility building and arms race, governance issues and litigation. The student-athletes, the players in the highly lucrative college football and basketball games have been left behind. They have resorted to challenging the NCAAâs system in many different ways. Recently, football players at Northwestern University successfully petitioned their local Regional Director of the National Labor Relations Board for a union representation election, arguing that they are employees of the University and as such are entitled to collective bargaining rights and other protections under the National Labor Relations Act. Northwestern University has rejected this argument and has appealed the Regional Directorâs decision to the National Labor Relations Board in Washington, D.C. This Article provides a background for the highly contested dispute, refutes some of the common arguments made against the potential unionization of college athletics, and discusses some of the potential implications if players can and do form a union
Anachronistic Grain Growth and Global Structure of the Protoplanetary Disk Associated with the Mature Classical T Tauri Star, PDS 66
We present ATCA interferometric observations of the old (13 Myr), nearby
(86pc) classical T Tauri star, PDS 66. Unresolved 3 and 12 mm continuum
emission is detected towards PDS 66, and upper limits are derived for the 3 and
6 cm flux densities. The mm-wave data show a spectral slope flatter than that
expected for ISM-sized dust particles, which is evidence of grain growth. We
also present HST/NICMOS 1.1 micron PSF-subtracted coronagraphic imaging of PDS
66. The HST observations reveal a bilaterally symmetric circumstellar region of
dust scattering about 0.32% of the central starlight, declining radially in
surface brightness. The light-scattering disk of material is inclined 32
degrees from face-on, and extends to a radius of 170 AU. These data are
combined with published optical and longer wavelength observations to make
qualitative comparisons between the median Taurus and PDS 66 spectral energy
distributions (SEDs). By comparing the near-infrared emission to a simple
model, we determine that the location of the inner disk radius is consistent
with the dust sublimation radius (1400 K at 0.1 AU). We place constraints on
the total disk mass using a flat-disk model and find that it is probably too
low to form gas giant planets according to current models. Despite the fact
that PDS 66 is much older than a typical classical T Tauri star (< 5 Myr), its
physical properties are not much different.Comment: 31 pages, 7 figure
Grain Growth and Global Structure of the Protoplanetary Disk Associated with the Mature Classical T Tauri Star, PDS 66
We present Australia Telescope Compact Array interferometric observations of the old (13 Myr), nearby (86 pc) classical T Tauri star (cTTS), PDS 66. Unresolved 3 and 12 mm continuum emission is detected toward PDS 66, and upper limits are derived for the 3 and 6 cm flux densities. The millimeter-wave data show a spectral slope flatter than that expected for interstellar medium-sized dust particles, which is evidence of grain growth. We also present HST/NICMOS 1.1 ÎŒm point-spread-function-subtracted coronagraphic imaging observations of the circumstellar environment of PDS 66. The Hubble Space Telescope observations reveal a bilaterally symmetric circumstellar region of dust scattering ~0.32% of the central starlight, declining in surface brightness as r ^(â4.53). The light-scattering disk of material is inclined 32° ± 5° from a face-on viewing geometry, and extends to a radius of 170 AU. These data are combined with published optical and longer wavelength observations to make qualitative comparisons between the median Taurus and PDS 66 spectral energy distributions. By comparing the near-infrared emission to a simple model, we determine that the location of the inner disk radius is consistent with the dust sublimation radius (~1400 K at 0.1 AU). We place constraints on the total disk mass using a flat-disk model and find that it is probably too low to form gas giant planets according to current models. Despite the fact that PDS 66 is much older than a typical cTTS (â€5 Myr), its physical properties are not much different
The EDGE-CALIFA Survey: Interferometric Observations of 126 Galaxies with CARMA
We present interferometric CO observations, made with the Combined Array for Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) interferometer, of galaxies from the Extragalactic Database for Galaxy Evolution survey (EDGE). These galaxies are selected from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) sample, mapped with optical integral field spectroscopy. EDGE provides good-quality CO data (3Ï sensitivity before inclination correction, resolution âŒ1.4 kpc) for 126 galaxies, constituting the largest interferometric CO survey of galaxies in the nearby universe. We describe the survey and data characteristics and products, then present initial science results. We find that the exponential scale lengths of the molecular, stellar, and star-forming disks are approximately equal, and galaxies that are more compact in molecular gas than in stars tend to show signs of interaction. We characterize the molecular-to-stellar ratio as a function of Hubble type and stellar mass and present preliminary results on the resolved relations between the molecular gas, stars, and star-formation rate. We then discuss the dependence of the resolved molecular depletion time on stellar surface density, nebular extinction, and gas metallicity. EDGE provides a key data set to address outstanding topics regarding gas and its role in star formation and galaxy evolution, which will be publicly available on completion of the quality assessment.Fil: Bolatto, Alberto. University of Maryland; Estados UnidosFil: Wong, Tony. University of Illinois at Urbana; Estados UnidosFil: Utomo, Dyas. University of California at Berkeley; Estados UnidosFil: Blitz, Leo. University of California at Berkeley; Estados UnidosFil: Vogel, Stuart N.. University of Maryland; Estados UnidosFil: SĂĄnchez, SebastiĂĄn F.. Universidad Nacional AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico; MĂ©xicoFil: Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge. University Johns Hopkins; Estados UnidosFil: Cao, Yixian. University of Illinois; Estados UnidosFil: Colombo, Dario. Max Planck Institut Fur Radioastronomie; AlemaniaFil: Dannerbauer, Helmut. Universidad de La Laguna; EspañaFil: GarcĂa-Benito, RubĂ©n. Instituto de AstrofĂsica de AndalucĂa; EspañaFil: Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo. Max Planck Institute fĂŒr Extraterrestrische Physik; AlemaniaFil: Husemann, Bernd. Max-Planck-Institut fĂŒr Astronomie; AlemaniaFil: Kalinova, Veselina. Max Planck Institut fĂŒr Radioastronomie; AlemaniaFil: Leroy, Adam K.. Ohio State University; Estados UnidosFil: Leung, Gigi. Max-Planck-Institut fĂŒr Astronomie; AlemaniaFil: Levy, Rebecca C.. University of Maryland; Estados UnidosFil: Mast, Damian. Observatorio Astronomico de la Universidad Nacional de Cordoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - CĂłrdoba; ArgentinaFil: Ostriker, Eve. University of Princeton; Estados UnidosFil: Rosolowsky, Erik. University of Alberta; CanadĂĄFil: Sandstrom, Karin M.. University of California at San Diego; Estados UnidosFil: Teuben, Peter. University of Maryland; Estados UnidosFil: Van De Ven, Glenn. Max-Planck-Institut fĂŒr Astronomie; AlemaniaFil: Walter, Fabian. Max-Planck-Institut fĂŒr Astronomie; Alemani
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