94 research outputs found
Entanglement-enhanced probing of a delicate material system
Quantum metrology uses entanglement and other quantum effects to improve the
sensitivity of demanding measurements. Probing of delicate systems demands high
sensitivity from limited probe energy and has motivated the field's key
benchmark-the standard quantum limit. Here we report the first
entanglement-enhanced measurement of a delicate material system. We
non-destructively probe an atomic spin ensemble by means of near-resonant
Faraday rotation, a measurement that is limited by probe-induced scattering in
quantum-memory and spin-squeezing applications. We use narrowband,
atom-resonant NOON states to beat the standard quantum limit of sensitivity by
more than five standard deviations, both on a per-photon and per-damage basis.
This demonstrates quantum enhancement with fully realistic loss and noise,
including variable-loss effects. The experiment opens the way to ultra-gentle
probing of single atoms, single molecules, quantum gases and living cells.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures; Nature Photonics, advance online publication, 16
December 201
The potential of student narratives to enhance quality in higher education
University policies are increasingly developed with reference to students’ learning experiences, with a focus on the concept of the ‘student voice’. Yet the ‘student voice’ is difficult to define and emphasis is often placed on numerical performance indicators. A diverse student population has wide-ranging educational experiences, which may not be easily captured within the broad categories provided by traditional survey tools, which can drown out the rich, varied and gradual processes of individual development. There is no single tool that can be used to measure students’ experiences. This paper draws on findings from four narrative inquiry studies, carried out in the United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa and New Zealand, to illustrate how a narrative approach could be used to complement performance indicators. This provides a richer context for educators’ understanding of students’ experiences and for supporting and setting institutional agendas
Biological measurement beyond the quantum limit
Quantum noise places a fundamental limit on the per photon sensitivity
attainable in optical measurements. This limit is of particular importance in
biological measurements, where the optical power must be constrained to avoid
damage to the specimen. By using non-classically correlated light, we
demonstrated that the quantum limit can be surpassed in biological
measurements. Quantum enhanced microrheology was performed within yeast cells
by tracking naturally occurring lipid granules with sensitivity 2.4 dB beyond
the quantum noise limit. The viscoelastic properties of the cytoplasm could
thereby be determined with a 64% improved measurement rate. This demonstration
paves the way to apply quantum resources broadly in a biological context
Flexing the Frame: TMT Framing and the Adoption of Non-Incremental Innovations in Incumbent Firms
Perceived managerial and leadership effectiveness in a Korean context: An indigenous qualitative study
Multinational corporations (MNCs) across the world have sent an increasing number of managers abroad to leverage unprecedented opportunities in the era of globalization. However, their failure rate has been above 33% for decades, resulting in substantial costs (Puck, Kittler, & Wright, 2008). One of the primary reasons for this failure is a lack of understanding of the national and organizational cultures within the host countries (Festing & Maletzky, 2011). For example, while a number of MNCs have entered the Korean market, several such as Yahoo, Motorola, and Walmart have failed and withdrawn due to the companies’ lack of adjustment to the Korean cultural context (Choe, 2006; Woo, 2013). In spite of the significance of culturally embedded practices, most researchers who have explored management and leadership in Asian countries, whether they were Western or indigenous researchers, have implemented studies using extant Western management and leadership theories derived within the Western cultural context (Leung, 2007; Tsui, 2006). Numerous scholars have claimed that this could be problematic because the findings of such studies may not be applicable to non-Western countries (Li, 2012; Liden & Antonakis, 2009), and may fail to provide insights and understanding of novel contexts or to reveal indigenous aspects of management and leadership (Tsui, 2007). Consequently, there have been increasing calls for indigenous management and leadership research within Asian countries (see Li et al., 2014; Lyles, 2009; Tsui, 2004; Wolfgramm, Spiller, & Voyageur, 2014). Over the past 30 years, managerial effectiveness and leadership effectiveness have been substantially neglected areas of management research (Noordegraaf & Stewart, 2000; Yukl, Gordon, & Taber, 2002). In addition, there has been little agreement on what specific behaviors distinguish effective managers from ineffective ones. Furthermore, more research is needed to examine the managerial and leadership behaviors that are critical for shaping the performance of individuals, groups and organizations (see Borman & Brush, 1993; Cammock, Nilakant & Dakin, 1995; Mumford, 2011; Noordegraaf & Stewart, 2000; Yukl et al., 2002). While most of the research related to managerial and leadership effectiveness has been conducted in the U.S., the few notable non-U.S. studies include that of Cammock et al. (1995) in New Zealand who developed a behavioral lay model of managerial effectiveness using the repertory grid technique. Another notable exception is the cumulative series of perceived managerial and leadership effectiveness studies conducted by Hamlin with various indigenous co-researchers in Western and non-Western countries (see Hamlin & Patel, 2012; Ruiz, Wang, & Hamlin, 2013) using Flanagan’s (1954) critical incident technique (CIT)
Die Rolle des kulturellen Selbst für schulische Leistungen – eine vergleichende Untersuchung in der Schweiz und Deutschland
Ethnically-based rejection sensitivity: The danger of retracting into one’s heritage culture
Gruppenbezogene Zurückweisungssensitivität als Prädiktor für schulische Leistungen von Schülerinnen und Schüler mit Migrationshintergrund
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