35,777 research outputs found
A Cellular Automaton Model for the Traffic Flow in Bogota
In this work we propose a car cellular automaton model that reproduces the
experimental behavior of traffic flows in Bogot\'a. Our model includes three
elements: hysteresis between the acceleration and brake gaps, a delay time in
the acceleration, and an instantaneous brake. The parameters of our model were
obtained from direct measurements inside a car on motorways in Bogot\'a. Next,
we simulated with this model the flux-density fundamental diagram for a
single-lane traffic road and compared it with experimental data. Our
simulations are in very good agreement with the experimental measurements, not
just in the shape of the fundamental diagram, but also in the numerical values
for both the road capacity and the density of maximal flux. Our model
reproduces, too, the qualitative behavior of shock waves. In addition, our work
identifies the periodic boundary conditions as the source of false peaks in the
fundamental diagram, when short roads are simulated, that have been also found
in previous works. The phase transition between free and congested traffic is
also investigated by computing both the relaxation time and the order
parameter. Our work shows how different the traffic behavior from one city to
another can be, and how important is to determine the model parameters for each
city.Comment: 14 pages and 13 figures (gzipped tar file). Submitted to
Int.J.Mod.Phys.C. Minor changes, specially at references and typoes, plus a
clearer summary of the CA rule
A theoretical study of the propagation and attenuation of acoustic waves in the lunar surface Interim report
Acoustic wave propagation and attenuation in lunar space environmen
The effect of tip vortex structure on helicopter noise due to blade/vortex interaction
A potential cause of helicopter impulsive noise, commonly called blade slap, is the unsteady lift fluctuation on a rotor blade due to interaction with the vortex trailed from another blade. The relationship between vortex structure and the intensity of the acoustic signal is investigated. The analysis is based on a theoretical model for blade/vortex interaction. Unsteady lift on the blades due to blade/vortex interaction is calculated using linear unsteady aerodynamic theory, and expressions are derived for the directivity, frequency spectrum, and transient signal of the radiated noise. An inviscid rollup model is used to calculate the velocity profile in the trailing vortex from the spanwise distribution of blade tip loading. A few cases of tip loading are investigated, and numerical results are presented for the unsteady lift and acoustic signal due to blade/vortex interaction. The intensity of the acoustic signal is shown to be quite sensitive to changes in tip vortex structure
Annealing of Neutron-irradiation-induced Changes in Impurity Conduction in Antimony- Doped Germanium
Annealing of neutron-irradiation-induced changes in impurity conduction in antimony-doped germaniu
Island Distance in One-Dimensional Epitaxial Growth
The typical island distance in submonlayer epitaxial growth depends on
the growth conditions via an exponent . This exponent is known to
depend on the substrate dimensionality, the dimension of the islands, and the
size of the critical nucleus for island formation. In this paper we study
the dependence of on in one--dimensional epitaxial growth. We
derive that for and confirm this result
by computer simulations.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, uses revtex, psfig, 'Note added in proof'
appende
Comment on "Test of constancy of speed of light with rotating cryogenic optical resonators"
A recent experiment by Antonini et. al. [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 71}, 050101R
2005], set new limits on Lorentz violating parameters in the frame-work of the
photon sector of the Standard Model Extension (SME),
, and the Robertson-Mansouri-Sexl (RMS) framework,
. The experiment had significant systematic effects caused by
the rotation of the apparatus which were only partly analysed and taken into
account. We show that this is insufficient to put a bound on
and the bound on represents a
five-fold improvement not a ten-fold improvement as claimed.
(For reply see Phys. Rev. A 72, 066102 (2005) DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevA.72.066102)Comment: 2 page
Damping of Oscillations in Layer-by-Layer Growth
We present a theory for the damping of layer-by-layer growth oscillations in
molecular beam epitaxy. The surface becomes rough on distances larger than a
layer coherence length which is substantially larger than the diffusion length.
The damping time can be calculated by a comparison of the competing roughening
and smoothening mechanisms. The dependence on the growth conditions,
temperature and deposition rate, is characterized by a power law. The
theoretical results are confirmed by computer simulations.Comment: 19 pages, RevTex, 5 Postscript figures, needs psfig.st
Effects of Bulk Viscosity on Cosmological Evolution
The effect of bulk viscisity on the evolution of the homogeneous and
isotropic cosmological models is considered. Solutions are found, with a
barotropic equation of state, and a viscosity coefficient that is proportional
to a power of the energy density of the universe. For flat space, power law
expansions, related to extended inflation are found as well as exponential
solutions, related to old inflation; also a solution with expansion that is an
exponential of an exponential of the time is found.Comment: 8 pages, latex, no figure
Exact real-time dynamics of the quantum Rabi model
We use the analytical solution of the quantum Rabi model to obtain absolutely
convergent series expressions of the exact eigenstates and their scalar
products with Fock states. This enables us to calculate the numerically exact
time evolution of and for all regimes of the
coupling strength, without truncation of the Hilbert space. We find a
qualitatively different behavior of both observables which can be related to
their representations in the invariant parity subspaces.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, published versio
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