3,617 research outputs found
An der Schnittstelle von Literatur und Medizin : ein Lexikon, das zum Schmökern verleitet
Rezension zu: Bettina von Jagow und Florian Steger (Hrsg.) : Literatur und Medizin : ein Lexikon. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Göttingen 2005. 498 S. 59 Euro
Do more placement officers lead to lower unemployment? : evidence from Germany
"In this paper we examine the effect of a pilot project of the German Federal Employment Agency, where in 14 German local employment offices the caseload (number of unemployed per caseworker) was significantly reduced. Since the participating local offices were not chosen at random, we have to take into account potential selection bias. Therefore, we rely on a combination of matching and a difference-in-differences estimator. We use two indicators of the offices' success (unemployment rate, growth of the number of SCIII clients). Our results indicate a positive effect of a lower caseload on both outcome variables." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))Arbeitsvermittlung - Erfolgskontrolle, Arbeitsvermittler - Modellversuch, berufliche Reintegration - Quote, Arbeitslosenquote, Arbeitsvermittlerquote
Integrating Scaffolding Experiences for the Youngest Visitors in Museums
Research demonstrates that children have vast potential to expand their knowledge base with simple supports from adults and older children. Children's museums have a heightened awareness of the value in and the need to reach out to support adults accompanying children, thus bringing about an emphasis on family learning. Iterative exhibition studies conducted at The Children's Museum of Indianapolis illustrate the impact of planning for family learning. But for any museum, intentionally applying the strategy of scaffolding by building on simple concepts and working toward mastery of ideas, can inform adults and simultaneously help children stretch to new levels of understanding and achievement. This strategy requires curators, educators and exhibit developers to work collaboratively to determine various levels of accessibility of content and activity moving from entry level ideas through more complex and abstract ones for older children and adults. Children visiting museums of all types is certainly nothing new, but their experience in those spaces has changed over time. From the earliest iterations of children's museums, to contemporary practices in museums of all types, the attention museum professionals place on the needs of this special audience is changing. The idea of hands-on learning, facilitated and mediated learning experiences, and scaled-down environments have become more prominent (and often expected) in museum settings where young children visit with their families. The increased visitation of family groups, especially those with young children, requires greater attention by museum educators, exhibition developers, and designers to support the learning needs of this audience. Most children's museums place special emphasis on designing environments that support learning for very young children. Lessons learned from the work done in children's museums can provide models for those in other museum settings to meet the needs of early learners
An axon initial segment is required for temporal precision in action potential encoding by neuronal populations
Central neurons initiate action potentials (APs) in the axon initial segment
(AIS), a compartment characterized by a high concentration of voltage-dependent
ion channels and specialized cytoskeletal anchoring proteins arranged in a
regular nanoscale pattern. Although the AIS was a key evolutionary innovation
in neurons, the functional benefits it confers are not clear. Using a mutation
of the AIS cytoskeletal protein \beta IV-spectrin, we here establish an in
vitro model of neurons with a perturbed AIS architecture that retains nanoscale
order but loses the ability to maintain a high NaV density. Combining
experiments and simulations we show that a high NaV density in the AIS is not
required for axonal AP initiation; it is however crucial for a high bandwidth
of information encoding and AP timing precision. Our results provide the first
experimental demonstration of axonal AP initiation without high axonal channel
density and suggest that increasing the bandwidth of the neuronal code and
hence the computational efficiency of network function was a major benefit of
the evolution of the AIS.Comment: Title adjusted, no other change
Formalisms for specifying Markovian population models
In this survey, we compare several languages for specifying Markovian population models such as queuing networks and chemical reaction networks. All these languages — matrix descriptions, stochastic Petri nets, stoichiometric equations, stochastic process algebras, and guarded command models — describe continuous-time Markov chains, but they differ according to important properties, such as compositionality, expressiveness and succinctness, executability, and ease of use. Moreover, they provide different support for checking the well-formedness of a model and for analyzing a model
Do more placement officers lead to lower unemployment? Evidence from Germany
"Die Bundesagentur fĂĽr Arbeit hat im Mai 2007 ein Pilotprojekt gestartet, bei dem in 14
Dienststellen der BetreuungssschlĂĽssel (Zahl der Arbeitslosen pro Vermittler) deutlich reduziert
wurde. Da die teilnehmenden Dienststellen nicht zufällig ausgewählt wurden, ist bei
der Evaluation eine mögliche Selektionsverzerrung zu berücksichtigen. Aus diesem Grund
verwenden wir eine Kombination aus Matching und Differenz-in-Differenzen-Schätzansatz.
Als Indikatoren für den Erfolg des Modellprojekts wird die Arbeitslosenquote und die Veränderung
der SGB III-Kundenzahl herangezogen. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich
der verbesserte Betreuungsschlüssel auf beide Erfolgsgrößen positiv auswirkt." [Autorenreferat]"In this paper we examine the effect of a pilot project of the German Federal Employment
Agency, where in 14 German local employment offices the caseload (number of
unemployed per caseworker) was significantly reduced. Since the participating local offices
were not chosen at random, we have to take into account potential selection bias. Therefore,
we rely on a combination of matching and a difference-in-differences estimator. We use
two indicators of the offices’ success (unemployment rate, growth of the number of SCIII
clients). Our results indicate a positive effect of a lower caseload on both outcome
variables." [authora abstract
The Incarceration of Women in California
This articles addresses why the California prison system needs broad reform aimed toward providing female offenders the support structure necessary to maximize their opportunities for success
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