In vitro culture of segment from shoots of Ricinus communis L. and Euphorbia lathyris L.

Przeprowadzono badania in vitro nad wzrostem, organogenezą i anatomią zrostu wycinków pobranych z łodygi rącznika i wilczomlecza tyrlicza. Badano aktywność działania kwasu indolooctowego (IAA), kinetyny (K) i adeniny (A) dodanych do czterokrotnie stężonej pożywki mineralnej White'a. Zauważono, że działanie IAA i K można korelować zmieniając stężenie A. Stwierdzono, że przyrost masy kalusa zależy w większym stopniu niż organogeneza od takich czynników, jak: temperatura, nasłonecznienie i pora roku. Ani skład pożywki, ani wspomniane wyżej czynniki zewnętrzne nie wywierają większego wpływu na proces zrastania się póżnogatunkowych wycinków. Obydwa gatunki charakteryzuje znaczna tolerancja immunologiczna na soki ustrojowe partnera doświadczenia. Wydaje się, że obecność tkanek wilczomleczy wpływa stymulująco na procesy zrostowe i rozwój kalusa u rącznika. Nie zauważono wyraźnych różnic histologicznych w przypadku hodowli roślin in vitro i in vivo. Jednak wyraźny efekt elongacyjny komórek miękiszu kory pierwotnej, perycyklu i rdzenia u rącznika należałoby prawdopodobnie przypisać działaniu IAA. Natomiast efekty organogenetyczne (rozwijani

Treatment of landfill leachate by constructed wetlands

The performance of three constructed wetlands systems treating landfill leachate is described. Two are located in northern Poland (Szadolki near Gdansk and Gatka near Miastko) and one in southern Sweden (Örebro). The constructed wetlands in Szadolki consists of two parallel silty soil beds planted with reed with sub-surface horizontal flow of sewage. The constructed wetland in Gatka is a willow plantation on sandy soil, receiving leachate after preliminary sedimentation in a retention pond. The system in Örebro consists of a series of ponds with a surface flow of leachate, preceded by pre-treatment in an aerated tank with nitrogen stripping. The best treatment efficiencies were observed at Örebro. At the sub-surface flow wetlands in Szadolki and Gatka clogging problems occurred due to the unsatisfactory pre-treatment and low soil hydraulic conductivity resulting in lower treatment efficiencies

Wheat-barley hybridization – the last forty years

Abstract Several useful alien gene transfers have been reported from related species into wheat (Triticum aestivum), but very few publications have dealt with the development of wheat/barley (Hordeum vulgare) introgression lines. An overview is given here of wheat 9 barley hybridization over the last forty years, including the development of wheat 9 barley hybrids, and of addition and translocation lines with various barley cultivars. A short summary is also given of the wheat 9 barley hybrids produced with other Hordeum species. The meiotic pairing behaviour of wheat 9 barley hybrids is presented, with special regard to the detection of wheat– barley homoeologous pairing using the molecular cytogenetic technique GISH. The effect of in vitro multiplication on the genome composition of intergeneric hybrids is discussed, and the production and characterization of the latest wheat/barley translocation lines are presented. An overview of the agronomical traits (b-glucan content, earliness, salt tolerance, sprouting resistance, etc.) of the newly developed introgression lines is given. The exploitation and possible use of wheat/barley introgression lines for the most up-to-date molecular genetic studies (transcriptome analysis, sequencing of flow-sorted chromosomes) are also discussed

Improving "color rendering" of LED lighting for the growth of lettuce

Light plays a vital role on the growth and development of plant. On the base of white light with high color rendering to the benefit of human survival and life, we proposed to improve “color rendering” of LED lighting for accelerating the growth of lettuce. Seven spectral LED lights were adopted to irradiate the lettuces under 150 μmol·m−2·s−1 for a 16 hd−1 photoperiod. The leaf area and number profiles, plant biomass, and photosynthetic rate under the as-prepared LED light treatments were investigated. We let the absorption spectrum of fresh leaf be the emission spectrum of ideal light and then evaluate the “color rendering” of as-prepared LED lights by the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and CIE chromaticity coordinates. Under the irradiation of red-yellow-blue light with high correlation coefficient of 0.587, the dry weights and leaf growth rate are 2-3 times as high as the sharp red-blue light. The optimized LED light for lettuce growth can be presumed to be limited to the angle (about 75°) between the vectors passed through the ideal light in the CIE chromaticity coordinates. These findings open up a new idea to assess and find the optimized LED light for plant growth

Germline MSH2 and MLH1 mutational spectrum in HNPCC families from Poland and the Baltic States.

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