Cytoplasmic and membranous receptor-binding cancer antigens expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) immunoreactivity in epithelial ovarian cancer cells represent differing biological function of RCAS1

Introduction. Receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) is a selective suppressor of the immune response that has been linked to the evasion of immune surveillance by cancer cells. However, the exact prognostic impact of RCAS1 on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has not been fully elucidated. The main aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of RCAS1 immunoreactivity (RCAS1-Ir) in EOC cells and in tumor stroma cells on patient overall survival. We also focused on RCAS1-Ir and the structure of the tumor stroma. Material and methods. RCAS1-Ir was evaluated by means of immunohistochemistry in 67 patients with EOC. We distinguished cytoplasmic and membranous immunoreactivity patterns. Results. We found that high cytoplasmic RCAS1-Ir in cancer cells was associated with more than a two-time shortened period of overall survival. Membranous RCAS1-Ir in cancer cells, as well as in tumor stroma macrophages and fibroblasts, did not correlate with patient survival. RCAS1-Ir in the cytoplasm of cancer cells was positively correlated with the degree of tumor stroma infiltration by fibroblasts and macrophages, but not with RCAS1-Ir in these cells. On the other hand, membranous RCAS1-Ir in cancer cells was positively correlated with RCAS1-Ir in fibroblasts and macrophages, but not with their quantity. Conclusions. Due to their different impacts on patient prognosis and tumor stroma structure, it seems that cytoplasmic and membranous RCAS1-Ir in EOC cells may have different biological functions

High tumor cell vimentin expression indicates prolonged survival in patients with ovarian malignant tumors

Objectives: The main aims of the study were to investigate the expression of vimentin and its correlation with the overall survival (OS) of patients with malignant ovarian tumors, and the correlation between vimentin expression and tumor stroma characteristics. Material and methods: The study focused on 94 malignant ovarian tumors that had been collected from women who were treated in the Department of Gynecology and Oncology of the Lukaszczyk Oncological Center, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Vimentin expression was assessed in both the cancer cells (expression intensity and quantitative analysis) and the tumor stroma (expression intensity). Vimentin expression was analyzed according to both stromal cellularity and the clinicopatho- logical features of the disease. Results: Both high cancer cell vimentin expression intensity and high quantitative vimentin expression (up to and includ- ing 30% of cells) indicated a significantly prolonged OS. Low vimentin stromal expression was associated with prolonged OS, although the difference did not reach the level of significance. High tumor cell vimentin expression intensity was as- sociated with significantly higher vimentin stromal expression. High vimentin expression in the tumor stroma indicated a significantly higher cellularity of the tumor stroma. Vimentin expression in cancer cells and the tumor stroma were not dependent on the histopathological type, the tumor grade or the FIGO stageof the disease. Conclusions: High cancer cell vimentin expression is associated with an improved OS of patients with malignant ovar- ian tumors. The expression of vimentin in ovarian malignancies may influence the structure of the tumor stroma

Analysis of the treg cell population in the peripheral blood of ovarian cancer patients in relation to the long-term outcomes

Objectives: There is growing evidence that Treg cell infiltration into the cancer nest is associated with poor prognosis. How- ever, the Treg cell population in the peripheral blood may change when a different type of anticancer therapy is applied. Since Treg cells may support tumor growth by enhancing the suppressive profile of the cancer microenvironment, the assessment of Treg cells can bring to light important information regarding prognosis. Thus we decided to analyze the Treg cell population in the peripheral blood in relation to long-term outcomes in the group of patients with ovarian cancer.  Material and methods: The 80 patients included in the study were treated surgically followed by chemiotherapy for ovar- ian cancer between October 2010 through May 2011.The peripheral blood samples from the patients were collected directly prior to chemotherapy. Information on any patients who died was retrieved from the database of the Cuiavia-Pomerania Regional Office of the National Health System of Poland. CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ lymphocytes T were assed by flow cytometry. We have analyzed the long term outcomes of treatment regarding to the level of Treg cells in peripheral blood.  Results: We found that patients with serous adenocarcinomas had significantly higher Treg levels compared to those patients with non-serous types. Patients who had a higher percentage of Treg cells within the CD4+ cell population prior to the beginning of the treatment had worse long-term outcomes from the applied therapy.  Conclusions: The assessment of Treg levels prior to the start of chemotherapy is clinically useful and may predict overall survival in ovarian cancer patients.

Naturalne promieniowanie gamma na poziomie morza wokół kontynentu antarktycznego zarejestrowane na południe od równoleżnika 62°

This study presents the results of dosimetry radiation measurement performed in the Antarctic region at the surface of the sea which was conducted between January and March 2018. Over 2 200 records were collected using a portable Gamma Scout Online radiometer during a 72-day voyage circumnavigating the continent of Antarctica. The mean average of the measured radiation dose rate was 0.091 μSvh-1 and varied from 0.052 to 0.193 μSvh-1. These result are above global average dose rate of radiation at sea level (0.031 μSvh-1) and often higher than those recorded on the Antarctic continent. Yet generally our records fall within well recognized latitudinal trend of radiation being higher toward poles. This is results of troposphere begins at lower altitude in Antarctic in comparison to lower latitudes. The origin of this radiation is natural and results from the presence of higher cosmic rays and secondary radiation induced in the atmosphere. The presence of terrestrial radionuclides in the Antarctic environment has a local, secondary influence on the measured values of radiation. The theoretical calculated annual dose equivalent for humans present in Antarctica could often exceed the limit of 1 mSv as recorded for other Antarctic locations yet our results (0.772 mSv per year) do not confirm that.W pracy przedstawiono wyniki dozymetrycznych pomiarów promieniowania, przeprowadzonych przez załogę jachtu Katharsis II, w trakcie 72-dniowego rejsu wokół Antarktydy. Podczas rejsu trwającego od stycznia do marca 2018 roku, za pomocą przenośnego radiometru Gamma Scout Online rejestrowano dawki promieniowania na poziomie morza w odstępach 10-minutowych. Po wstępnej analizie statystycznej uzyskano dane w postaci 2 200 rekordów, które wykorzystano do wnioskowania o rozkładzie promieniowania w rejonie Antarktyki. Średnia zmierzona moc dawki promieniowania wyniosła 0,091 μSvh-1 i wahała się od 0,052 do 0,193 μSvh-1. Wyniki te są powyżej średniej globalnej mocy dawki promieniowania na poziomie morza (0,031 μSvh-1) i często wyższe niż te zarejestrowane bezpośrednio na Antarktydzie. Jednak, generalnie zarejestrowane przez nas dawki promieniowania mieszczą się w dobrze rozpoznanym równoleżnikowym trendzie, w którym promieniowanie jest wyższe w kierunku biegunów. Związane jest to z cieńszą warstwą troposfery w rejonach biegunowych w porównaniu z niższymi, równikowymi szerokościami geograficznymi. Ogólnie pochodzenie tego promieniowania jest naturalne i związane z silniejszą penetracją troposfery przez promieniowanie kosmiczne oraz obecnością promieniowania wtórnego indukowanego w atmosferze. Obecność radionuklidów naziemnych w środowisku Antarktyki ma lokalny, wtórny wpływ na mierzone wartości promieniowania. Teoretycznie obliczony roczny ekwiwalent dawki dla ludzi, w różnych miejscach Antarktydy, może przekraczać limit 1 mSv, natomiast nasze wyniki (0,772 mSv rocznie) tego nie potwierdzają

Mitochondrial genotype in vulvar carcinoma - cuckoo in the nest

Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) is a rare female genital neoplasm. Although numerous molecular changes have been reported in VSCC, biomarkers of clinical relevance are still lacking. On the other hand, there is emerging evidence on the use of mtDNA as a diagnostic tool in oncology. In order to investigate mtDNA status in VSCC patients, haplogroup distribution analysis and D-loop sequencing were performed. The results were compared with available data for the general Polish population, cancer free-centenarians as well as patients with endometrial and head and neck cancer. The obtained data were also compared with the current status of mitochondrial databases. Significant differences in haplogroup distribution between VSCC cohort, general Polish population and cancer-free centenarians cohort were found. Moreover, a correlation between the VSCC patients haplogroup and HPV status was observed. Finally, a specific pattern of mtDNA polymorphisms was found in VSCC. Our results suggest that the mitochondrial genetic background may influence the risk of VSCC occurrence as well as susceptibility to HPV infection

The Analysis of Receptor-binding Cancer Antigen Expressed on SiSo Cells (RCAS1) immunoreactivity within the microenvironment of the ovarian cancer lesion relative to the applied therapeutic strategy

RCAS1 is involved in generating the suppressive profile of the tumor microenvironment that helps cancer cells evade immune surveillance. The status of the cells surrounding the cancer nest may affect both the progression of the cancer and the development of metastases. In cases of ovarian cancer, a large number of patients do not respond to the applied therapy. The patient’s response to the applied therapy is directly linked to the status of the tumor microenvironment and the intensity of its suppressive profile. We analyzed the immunoreactivity of RCAS1 on the cells present in the ovarian cancer microenvironment in patients with the disease; these cells included macrophages and carcinoma-associated fibroblasts. Later we analyzed the immunoreactivity levels within these cells, taking into consideration the clinical stage of the cancer and the therapeutic strategy applied, such as the number of chemotherapy regiments, primary cytoreductive surgery, or the presence of advanced ascites. In the patients who did not respond to the therapy we observed significantly higher immunoreactivity levels of RCAS1 within the cancer nest than in those patients who did respond; moreover, in the non-responsive patients we found RCAS1 within both macrophages and carcinoma-associated fibroblasts. RCAS1 staining may provide information about the intensity of the immuno-suppressive microenvironment profile found in cases of ovarian cancer and its intensity may directly relate to the clinical outcome of the disease

Determining Concrete Composition on Recycled Aggregates

abstractPL: -abstractEN: The problem of recycling of construction wastes is important and at the same timedifficult to deal with. One of the possible ways of using the construction wastes coming from thedemolition of concrete constructions is to re-use them in the production of construction concretes asrecycled concrete aggregates RCA. Determining the concrete composition with the use of RCAdemands conditioning its different from the natural aggregates NA physical and mechanicalproperties. In the procedure of projecting the concrete composition with three equations theory theassumption of consistency class of concrete mixture is demanded. Having accepted it, the waterdemand of aggregates and cement is determined. In case of natural aggregates NA the formulas ofSterne's and Bolomey's are used in which aggregates water demand is conditioned from its kind andgranulation and also from concrete mixture consistency. In case of RCA, there is lack of such dataand each time it is necessary to determine the water demand empirically after performing a trialbatch. There also exists a necessity to determine the relation between RCA water demand and itsother properties which are easy to be determined in laboratory conditions and in short time. Such aproperty can be measured with the crushing rate wrm resistance of aggregates to crushing. Crushingrate wrm was used to qualify the recycled aggregates from recycling with the point of their potentialof being re-used in constructive concrete production. It was determined a relation between crushingrate wrm and the coefficient ARCA taking place in the modified strength equation of Bolomey and thusit became possible to use the method of three equations to project the concrete composition onrecycled aggregates.score: 8collation: 266-27