An optimal factor analysis approach to improve the wavelet-based image resolution enhancement techniques

The existing wavelet-based image resolution enhancement techniques have many assumptions, such as limitation of the way to generate low-resolution images and the selection of wavelet functions, which limits their applications in different fields. This paper initially identifies the factors that effectively affect the performance of these techniques and quantitatively evaluates the impact of the existing assumptions. An approach called Optimal Factor Analysis employing the genetic algorithm is then introduced to increase the applicability and fidelity of the existing methods. Moreover, a new Figure of Merit is proposed to assist the selection of parameters and better measure the overall performance. The experimental results show that the proposed approach improves the performance of the selected image resolution enhancement methods and has potential to be extended to other methods

Gauge techniques in time and frequency domain TLM

Typical features of the Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) algorithm in connection with stub loading techniques and prone to be hidden in common frequency domain formulations are elucidated within the propagator approach to TLM. In particular, the latter reflects properly the perturbative character of the TLM scheme and its relation to gauge field models. Internal 'gauge' degrees of freedom are made explicit in the frequency domain by introducing the complex nodal S-matrix as a function of operators that act on external or internal fields or virtually couple the two. As a main benefit, many techniques and results gained in the time domain thus generalize straight away. The recently developed deflection method for algorithm synthesis, which is extended in this paper, or the non-orthogonal node approximating Maxwell's equations, for instance, become so at once available in the frequency domain. In view of applications in computational plasma physics, the TLM model of a relativistic charged particle current coupled to the Maxwell field is treated as a prototype.Comment: 20 pages; Keywords: Gauge techniques, perturbative schemes, TLM method, propagator approach, plasma physic

Best multiple non-linear model factors for knock engine (SI) by using ANFIS

Knock Prediction in vehicles is an ideal problem for non-linear regression to deal with, which use many of the factors of information to predict another factor. Training data were collected through a test engine for the Malaysian Proton company and in various states of speed.Selected six influential factors on the knocking(Throttle Position Sensor(TPS),Temperature(TEMP),Revolution Per Minute(RPM),(TORQUE),Ignition Timing( IGN),Acceleration Position(AC_POS)), has been taking data for this study and then applied to a single cylinder,output factor (output variable) to be prediction factor is a knock.We compare the performance of resultant ANFIS and Linear regression to obtain results shows effectiveness ANFIS, as well as three factors were selected from six non-linear factors to get the best model by using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS).Experiments demonstrate that although soft computing methods are somewhat of tolerant of inaccurate inputs, cleaned data results in more robust models for practical problems

Variational collocation for systems of coupled anharmonic oscillators

We have applied a collocation approach to obtain the numerical solution to the stationary Schr\"odinger equation for systems of coupled oscillators. The dependence of the discretized Hamiltonian on scale and angle parameters is exploited to obtain optimal convergence to the exact results. A careful comparison with results taken from the literature is performed, showing the advantages of the present approach.Comment: 14 pages, 10 table

Application of the Frobenius method to the Schrodinger equation for a spherically symmetric potential: anharmonic oscillator

The power series method has been adapted to compute the spectrum of the Schrodinger equation for central potential of the form $V(r)={d_{-2}\over r^2}+{d_{-1}\over r}+\sum_{i=0}^{\infty} d_{i}r^i$. The bound-state energies are given as zeros of a calculable function, if the potential is confined in a spherical box. For an unconfined potential the interval bounding the energy eigenvalues can be determined in a similar way with an arbitrarily chosen precision. The very accurate results for various spherically symmetric anharmonic potentials are presented.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, published in J. Phys

Accurate energy spectrum for double-well potential: periodic basis

We present a variational study of employing the trigonometric basis functions satisfying periodic boundary condition for the accurate calculation of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of quartic double-well oscillators. Contrary to usual Dirichlet boundary condition, imposing periodic boundary condition on the basis functions results in the existence of an inflection point with vanishing curvature in the graph of the energy versus the domain of the variable. We show that this boundary condition results in a higher accuracy in comparison to Dirichlet boundary condition. This is due to the fact that the periodic basis functions are not necessarily forced to vanish at the boundaries and can properly fit themselves to the exact solutions.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Molecular Physic

Study of the optical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)-4-[(5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)diazenyl]phenol complexes

The most widely practiced reaction of diazonium salts is azo coupling. In this process, the diazonium compound is attacked by an electron-rich substrate. When the coupling partners are arenes (phenols), the process is an example of electrophilic aromatic substitution. Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) react with 4-[(5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)diazenyl]phenol (L) in THF to form the PVC-L compound, which have been characterized by spectroscopic methods. PVC-L has further been reacted with different metals ions to form PVC-L-MII complexes. The structure of these complexes has been characterized by FT-IR and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The optical properties in the region from 200-900 nm were also studied using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The optical data analyzed and interpreted in term of the theory of phonon assisted direct electronic transitions according to energy gap data the conductivity of PVC and the complexes

Non-weighted aggregate evaluation function of multi-objective optimization for knock engine modeling

In decision theory, the weighted sum model (WSM) is the best known Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) approach for evaluating a number of alternatives in terms of a number of decision criteria. Assigning weights is a difficult task, especially if the number of criteria is large and the criteria are very different in character. There are some problems in the real world which utilize conflicting criteria and mutual effect. In the field of automotive, the knocking phenomenon in internal combustion or spark ignition engines limits the efficiency of the engine. Power and fuel economy can be maximized by optimizing some factors that affect the knocking phenomenon, such as temperature, throttle position sensor, spark ignition timing, and revolution per minute. Detecting knocks and controlling the above factors or criteria may allow the engine to run at the best power and fuel economy. The best decision must arise from selecting the optimum trade-off within the above criteria. The main objective of this study was to proposed a new Non-Weighted Aggregate Evaluation Function (NWAEF) model for non-linear multi-objectives function which will simulate the engine knock behavior (non-linear dependent variable) in order to optimize non-linear decision factors (non-linear independent variables). This study has focused on the construction of a NWAEF model by using a curve fitting technique and partial derivatives. It also aims to optimize the nonlinear nature of the factors by using Genetic Algorithm (GA) as well as investigate the behavior of such function. This study assumes that a partial and mutual influence between factors is required before such factors can be optimized. The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) is used to balance the complexity of the model and the data loss, which can help assess the range of the tested models and choose the best ones. Some statistical tools are also used in this thesis to assess and identify the most powerful explanation in the model. The first derivative is used to simplify the form of evaluation function. The NWAEF model was compared to Random Weights Genetic Algorithm (RWGA) model by using five data sets taken from different internal combustion engines. There was a relatively large variation in elapsed time to get to the best solution between the two model. Experimental results in application aspect (Internal combustion engines) show that the new model participates in decreasing the elapsed time. This research provides a form of knock control within the subspace that can enhance the efficiency and performance of the engine, improve fuel economy, and reduce regulated emissions and pollution. Combined with new concepts in the engine design, this model can be used for improving the control strategies and providing accurate information to the Engine Control Unit (ECU), which will control the knock faster and ensure the perfect condition of the engine

A Quantum Exactly Solvable Nonlinear Oscillator with quasi-Harmonic Behaviour

The quantum version of a non-linear oscillator, previouly analyzed at the classical level, is studied. This is a problem of quantization of a system with position-dependent mass of the form $m={(1+\lambda x^2)}^{-1}$ and with a \la-dependent nonpolynomial rational potential. This \la-dependent system can be considered as a deformation of the harmonic oscillator in the sense that for \la\to 0 all the characteristics of the linear oscillator are recovered. Firstly, the \la-dependent Schr\"odinger equation is exactly solved as a Sturm-Liouville problem and the \la-dependent eigenenergies and eigenfunctions are obtained for both \la>0 and \la<0. The \la-dependent wave functions appear as related with a family of orthogonal polynomials that can be considered as \la-deformations of the standard Hermite polynomials. In the second part, the \la-dependent Schr\"odinger equation is solved by using the Schr\"odinger factorization method, the theory of intertwined Hamiltonians and the property of shape invariance as an approach. Finally, the new family of orthogonal polynomials is studied. We prove the existence of a \la-dependent Rodrigues formula, a generating function and \la-dependent recursion relations between polynomials of different orders.Comment: 29 pages, 4 figure