Value Creation and Profit Optimization

The present paper develops a basic framework for evaluating and optimizing profits in a business operation. In developing a business we are often faced with an infinity of choices ranging from what products or services to sell and what customers to target to how to structure and manage the organization. To support the decision-making process a semi- quantitative dimension is here added to the traditional strategic scenario planning. It consists of a general-purpose seven-step evaluation process: (1) The starting point is a list of strategic options, as they may have been identified during conventional strategic planning. (2-3) The next steps are to identify who will influence the value creation process, and what value drivers each of them use to influence it. (4) For customers representative of different segments we can evaluate the value to the customer, the risk to the customer and the relative market power between buyer and seller. The paper explains how this can be related to the market price that each of these customers is likely to be willing to pay. (5) While the income is critical, so it the cost: the following step is to analyze the cost structure and understand how it scales with market size. (6) By combining the results from the two previous steps it is possible to find the optimal profit as a function of volume, value drivers and the other parameters. (7) In the final step the strategic implications of the various options are integrated with other knowledge to form the basis for selecting a winning business strategy. An example of a yet-to-be consumer product is used to illustrate the process.cost, customer specific cost, market power, pricing, profit optimization, profits, radical innovation, risk discount, strategic scenario planning, value chain, value creation, value drivers, value net

A Measuring Board for Small Fishes

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141887/1/naaq0062.pd

Journal Account of Trout Angling in Michigan, 1903–05

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141461/1/tafs0101.pd

Analyzing new profit opportunities: a guide to making business projects financially successful

This book presents a simple, yet very powerful, conceptual framework, which can be used to estimate market sizes, prices and their interdependency for new products based on historical market data for existing products in related areas. Even in situations where insufficient data is available the methods can be used in a semi-quantitative manner to evaluate the market potential for a given product or find ways to improve upon the product to make it more successful in the marketplace. The methods are explained in detail, examples of practical applications are provided; and the foundation in existing economic theory is discussed

Panayia Ematousa II: Political, cultural, ethnic and social relations in Cyprus: Approaches to regional studies

Edited by L. Wriedt Sorensen & K. Winther Jacobse

The effectiveness of a standardized rose hip powder, containing seeds and Shells of <em>Rosa canina, on cell longevity, skin wrinkles, moisture, and elasticity </em>

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a rose hip powder (Hyben Vital(®)) made from seeds and shells on cell senescence, skin wrinkling, and aging. METHODS: A total of 34 healthy subjects, aged 35–65 years, with wrinkles on the face (crow’s-feet) were subjected to a randomized and double-blinded clinical study of the effects of the rose hip powder, as compared to astaxanthin, a well-known remedy against wrinkles. During the 8-week study, half of the participants ingested the standardized rose hip product, while the other half ingested astaxanthin. Objective measurements of facial wrinkles, skin moisture, and elasticity were made by using Visioscan, Corneometer, and Cutometer at the beginning of the study, after 4 weeks, and after 8 weeks. Evaluation of participant satisfaction of both supplements was assessed using questionnaires. In addition, the effect of the rose hip preparation on cell longevity was measured in terms of leakage of hemoglobin through red cell membranes (hemolytic index) in blood samples kept in a blood bank for 5 weeks. Significance of all values was attained with P≤0.05. RESULTS: In the double-blinded study, the rose hip group showed statistically significant improvements in crow’s-feet wrinkles (P<0.05), skin moisture (P<0.05), and elasticity (P<0.05) after 8 weeks of treatment. A similar improvement was observed for astaxanthin, with P-values 0.05, 0.001, and 0.05. Likewise, both groups expressed equal satisfaction with the results obtained in their self-assessment. The rose hip powder further resulted in increased cell longevity of erythrocyte cells during storage for 5 weeks in a blood bank. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that intake of the standardized rose hip powder (Hyben Vital(®)) improves aging-induced skin conditions. The apparent stabilizing effects of the rose hip product on cell membranes of stored erythrocyte cells observed in this study may contribute to improve the cell longevity and obstructing skin aging

Analyzing new profit opportunities: a guide to making business projects financially successful

This book presents a simple, yet very powerful, conceptual framework, which can be used to estimate market sizes, prices and their interdependency for new products based on historical market data for existing products in related areas. Even in situations where insufficient data is available the methods can be used in a semi-quantitative manner to evaluate the market potential for a given product or find ways to improve upon the product to make it more successful in the marketplace. The methods are explained in detail, examples of practical applications are provided; and the foundation in existing economic theory is discussed

Enabling matter power spectrum emulation in beyond-ΛCDM cosmologies with COLA

We compare and validate COLA (COmoving Lagrangian Acceleration) simulationsagainst existing emulators in the literature, namely Bacco and Euclid Emulator2. Our analysis focuses on the non-linear response function, i.e., the ratiobetween the non-linear dark matter power spectrum in a given cosmology withrespect to a pre-defined reference cosmology, which is chosen to be the EuclidEmulator 2 reference cosmology in this paper. We vary three cosmologicalparameters, the total matter density, the amplitude of the primordial scalarperturbations and the spectral index. By comparing the COLA non-linear responsefunction with those computed from each emulator in the redshift range $0 \leq z\leq 3$, we find that the COLA method is in excellent agreement with the twoemulators for scales up to $k \sim 1 \ h$/Mpc as long as the deviations of thematter power spectrum from the reference cosmology are not too large. Wevalidate the implementation of massive neutrinos in our COLA simulations byvarying the sum of neutrino masses to three different values, $0.0$ eV, $0.058$eV and $0.15$ eV. We show that all three non-linear prescriptions used in thiswork agree at the $1\%$ level at $k \leq 1 \ h$/Mpc. We then introduce theEffective Field Theory of Dark Energy in our COLA simulations using the$N$-body gauge method. We consider two different modified gravity models inwhich the growth of structure is enhanced or suppressed at small scales, andshow that the response function with respect to the change of modified gravityparameters depends weakly on cosmological parameters in these models.<br

Dedicated Shift Wrap-up Time Does Not Improve Resident Sign-out Volume or Efficiency

Objectives: Sign-out (SO) is a challenge to the emergency physician. Some training programs have instituted overlapping 9-hour shifts. The residents see patients for eight hours, and have one hour of wrap-up time. This hour helps them complete patient care, leaving fewer patients to sign-out. We examined whether this strategy impacts SO burden.Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients evaluated by emergency medicine (EM) residents working 9-hour (eight hours of patient care, one hour wrap-up time) and 12-hour shifts (12 hours patient care, no reserved time for wrap-up). Data were collected by reviewing the clinical tracker. A patient was assigned to the resident who initiated care and dictated the chart. SO was defined as any patient in the ED without disposition at change of shift. Patient turn-around-time (TAT) was also recorded.Results: One-hundred sixty-one postgraduate-year-one resident (PGY1), 264 postgraduate-year-two resident (PGY2), and 193 postgraduate-year-three resident (PGY3) shifts were included. PGY1s signed out 1.9 patients per 12-hour shift. PGY2s signed out 2.3 patients on 12-hour shifts and 1.8 patients on 9-hour shifts. PGY3s signed out 2.1 patients on 12-hour shifts and 2.0 patients on 9-hour shifts. When we controlled for patients seen per hour, SO burden was constant by class regardless of shift length, with PGY2s signing out 18% of patients seen compared to 15% for PGY3s. PGY1s signed out 18% of patients seen. TAT for patients seen by PGY1s and PGY2s was similar, at 189 and 187 minutes, respectively. TAT for patients seen by PGY3s was significantly less at 175 minutes.Conclusion: The additional hour devoted to wrapping up patients in the ED had no affect on SO burden. The SO burden represented a fixed percentage of the total number of patients seen by the residents. PGY3s sign-out a smaller percentage of patients seen compared to other classes, and have faster TATs. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(1):35-39]