Inclusive J/psi and psi(2S) production in p-Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 5.02 TeV with ALICE at the LHC

We report on the inclusive J/psi nuclear modification factor in p-Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 5.02 TeV as a function of rapidity y and transverse momentum p_T. The experimental coverage extends down to p_T = 0 GeV/c in the three rapidity ranges accessible by ALICE (-4.46 < y_cms < -2.96, -1.37 < y_cms < 0.46, 2.03 < y_cms < 3.53). The obtained results as a function of rapidity are in agreement with theory predictions based only on shadowing or on coherent energy loss. At forward and backward rapidity, the psi(2S) measurement complements the J/psi results. The ratio between the psi(2S) and J/psi cross section is significantly smaller in p-Pb than in pp collisions in both rapidity regions.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of Hard-Probes 2013, the 6th International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High-Energy Nuclear Collisions, Nov. 201

Heavy flavour production in proton-lead and lead-lead collisions with LHCb

The LHCb experiment offers the unique opportunity to study heavy-ion interactions in the forward region (2 <eta< 5), in a kinematic domain complementary to the other 3 large experiments at the LHC. The detector has excellent capabilities for reconstructing quarkonia and open charm states, including baryons, down to zero $p_T$. It can separate the prompt and displaced charm components. In $p$Pb collisions, both forward and backward rapidities are covered thanks to the possibility of beam reversal. Results include measurements of the nuclear modification factor and forward-backward ratio for charmonium, open charm and bottomonium states. These quantities are sensitive probes for nuclear effects in heavy flavour production. Perspectives are given with the large accumulated luminosity during the 2016 $p$Pb run at the LHC. In 2015, LHCb participated successfully for the first time in the PbPb data-taking. The status of the forward prompt J/$\psi$ nuclear modification factor measurement in lead-lead collisions is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 Figures, proceedings for the XXVIth International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, Quark Matter 2017 in Chicago from February 5 to February 11, 201

Constructing Cost-Effective and Targetable ICS Honeypots Suited for Production Networks

Honeypots are a technique that can mitigate the risk of cyber threats. Effective honeypots are authentic and targetable, and their design and implementation must accommodate risk tolerance and financial constraints. The proprietary, and often expensive, hardware and software used by Industrial Control System (ICS) devices creates the challenging problem of building a flexible, economical, and scalable honeypot. This research extends Honeyd into Honeyd+, making it possible to use the proxy feature to create multiple high interaction honeypots with a single Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Honeyd+ is tested with a network of 75 decoy PLCs, and the interactions with the decoys are compared to a physical PLC to test for authenticity. The performance test evaluates the impact of multiple simultaneous connections to the PLC. The functional test is successful in all cases. The performance test demonstrated that the PLC is a limiting factor, and that introducing Honeyd+ has a marginal impact on performance. Notable findings are that the Raspberry Pi is the preferred hosting platform, and more than five simultaneous connections were not optimal

Inclusive J/psi production at mid-rapidity in p-Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=5.02 TeV

Charmonia are a key observable for deconfinement in nucleus-nucleus (AA) collisions at the LHC. Measurements in proton-nucleus (pA) collisions and their comparison with proton-proton (pp) collision results provide complementary information on nuclear effects that are present in the absence of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). In addition, the calculation of the production of charmonia in pA collisions presents a challenging test of perturbative QCD at low scales Q^2 and low fractional momentum of the involved partons. The inclusive J/psi production in proton-lead collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 5.02 TeV has been measured with ALICE in the ee-decay channel at mid-rapidity down to vanishing transverse momentum (p_T): integrated, as a function of pT, centrality and charged-particle multiplicity. The nuclear modification factor of J/psi indicates a strong suppression of charmonium production integrated, at low p_T and as function of centrality. The dependence of the normalised J/psi yield as a function of the normalised charged particle multiplicity is consistent with the measurement in pp collisions and in the open heavy-flavour sector. It provides information on the correlation of soft and hard particle production. An extrapolation of the expected J/psi production behaviour in AA collisions based on the pA measurement assuming the factorisation of the nuclear modification strengthens the evidence for an additional J/psi production component at low p_T in AA collisions. This component is expected from J/psi production from unbound charm quarks within the QGP or at the phase boundary

Despatches from the Front: Recent Skirmishes Along the Frontiers of Electronic Contracting Law

This Article will provide a short overview of the current efforts in the United States and the European Union to reform contract law to accommodate recent innovations in electronic contracting. Whether changes are needed to current contract law doctrines governing contract formation, effectiveness of contract terms, choice of law and forum provisions, special protections for consumers, and signature and writing requirements, revisions in these areas have all proved controversial. Even in those areas where a consensus may be emerging on whether law reform may be appropriate in some form, consensus is often still lacking with regard to the specific legislation needed to accomplish those reforms. The United States is not the only major arena where such reforms are being debated. The EU is addressing the same problems, but taking a markedly different approach. If the United States and EU commit themselves to divergent approaches to the regulation of electronic contracting, major obstacles will be placed in the paths of businesses hoping to exploit global electronic markets. Businesses may then be forced to design their electronic commerce systems to conform to multiple, incompatible legal standards, or face the prospect of being shut out of major markets for electronic commerce services altogether

Exclusive meets inclusive at small Bjorken-xBx_B: how to relate exclusive measurements to PDFs based on evolution equations

Exclusive heavy-vector-meson photoproduction is a prominent signal in collider experiments with hadron beams. At the highest photon-hadron collision energies, this process is considered as a candidate to constrain gluon parton distribution functions (PDFs) at small longitudinal momentum fractions. However, in the framework of collinear factorisation, exclusive particle production is described in terms of generalised parton distributions (GPDs). In this contribution, we investigate at the leading order in $\alpha_s$ the connection between GPDs and PDFs. Our main result is a proposal to quantify the systematic uncertainty inherent to this connection. We put our approach into context with respect to the Shuavev transform. Our uncertainty estimate can be straightforwardly adapted to higher fixed orders and small-$x$ resummations. The question of extrapolating GPDs to vanishing skewness is paramount for the programme of the Electron Ion Collider (EIC), notably for the extraction of the radial distributions of partons.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure

Nuclear isomerism

Pairs of nuclei have been discovered which have the same mass number and nuclear charge, but differ in certain nuclear properties. Such nuclei were named isomers, and the phenomenon isomerism, after the well known counterpart in Chemistry

Heavy quarks and jets as probes of the QGP

Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), a QCD state of matter created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, has remarkable properties, including, for example, a low shear viscosity over entropy ratio. By detecting the collection of low-momentum particles that arise from the collision, it is possible to gain quantitative insight into the created matter. However, its fast evolution and thermalization properties remain elusive. Only using high momentum objects as probes of QGP can unveil its constituents at different wavelengths. In this review, we attempt to provide a comprehensive picture of what was, so far, possible to infer about QGP given our current theoretical understanding of jets, heavy-flavor, and quarkonia. We will bridge the resulting qualitative picture to the experimental observations done at the LHC and RHIC. We will focus on the phenomenological description of experimental observations, provide a brief analytical summary of the description of hard probes, and an outlook on the main difficulties we will need to surpass in the following years. To benchmark QGP-related effects, we will also address nuclear modifications to the initial state and hadronization effects