All Offshore - The Sprat, The Mackerel, Accounting Firms and the State in Globalization

Globalization has created opportunities for major businesses to roam the world and shop for regulation conductive to their interests. Major auditing firms are no exception and have used offshore financial centres to dilute their liability. This chapter provides a case study to show that major firms used their political and financial resources to craft Limited Liability Partnership law in Jersey. This was done at a time when the UK government was reluctant to grant further liability concessions to auditors. The firms subsequently used the Jersey scenario to exert pressure upon the UK government and secure liability concessions

The Tax Avoidance Industry: Accountancy Firms on the Make

The focus of the paper is upon the financial sector and, more specifically the involvement of global accountancy firms in devising and selling tax avoidance schemes euphemistically marketed as `tax planning?. Commenting upon some of the ?entrepreneurial? activities of these firms, Perrow (2010) observes that ?they knew what they were doing was fraudulent? (ibid: 314) as he notes that Greenwood and Suddaby?s (2006) widely referenced study excludes consideration of how partners in these firms were complicit in embracing the `alternative logics pressed upon them by their large corporate clients? (ibid: 314). An example is so-called ?alternative logics? is the construction and promotion of elaborate tax avoidance schemes by big accounting firms (Sikka and Hampton, 2005) which, we show, has become so deeply normalized within the Big Firms as to cast doubt upon their `alternative? status

Measurement of Newtonian fluid slip using a torsional ultrasonic oscillator

The composite torsional ultrasonic oscillator, a versatile experimental system, can be used to investigate slip of Newtonian fluid at a smooth surface. A rigorous analysis of slip-dependent damping for the oscillator is presented. Initially, the phenomenon of finite surface slip and the slip length are considered for a half-space of Newtonian fluid in contact with a smooth, oscillating solid surface. Definitions are revisited and clarified in light of inconsistencies in the literature. We point out that, in general oscillating flows, Navier's slip length b is a complex number. An intuitive velocity discontinuity parameter of unrestricted phase is used to describe the effect of slip on measurement of viscous shear damping. The analysis is applied to the composite oscillator and preliminary experimental work for a 40 kHz oscillator is presented. The Non-Slip Boundary Condition (NSBC) has been verified for a hydrophobic surface in water to within ~60 nm of |b|=0 nm. Experiments were carried out at shear rate amplitudes between 230 and 6800 /s, corresponding to linear displacement amplitudes between 3.2 and 96 nm.Comment: Revised with minor edits for revie

Embedded Agency in Institutional Theory: Problem or Paradox

In “Beyond Constraining and Enabling: Toward New Microfoundations in Institutional Theory” Professor Cardinale (2018) seeks to expose and correct “shortcomings” (p.133) in institutional theory’s conceptualization of structure, agency and their relationship. To this end, he theorizes the “different mechanism[s] through which actors are embedded in structure” (p.134). We agree that institutional theory’s microfoundations merit theoretical attention and development. However, we question the premise that the issue of agency in institutional theory is adequately, or even plausibly, formulated as one of “embeddedness”. We also challenge the relevance of Professor Cardinale’s engagement of Husserl to help solve what we argue to be a phantom problem central to his theory

On the distribution of high-frequency stock market traded volume: a dynamical scenario

This manuscript reports a stochastic dynamical scenario whose associated stationary probability density function is exactly a previously proposed one to adjust high-frequency traded volume distributions. This dynamical conjecture, physically connected to superstatiscs, which is intimately related with the current nonextensive statistical mechanics framework, is based on the idea of local fluctuations in the mean traded volume associated to financial markets agents herding behaviour. The corroboration of this mesoscopic model is done by modelising NASDAQ 1 and 2 minute stock market traded volume

Systematic Control of Carrier Doping without Disorder at Interface of Oxide Heterostructures

We propose a method to systematically control carrier densities at the interface of transition-metal oxide heterostructures without introducing disorders. By inserting non-polar layers sandwiched by polar layers, continuous carrier doping into the interface can be realized. This method enables us to control the total carrier densities per unit cell systematically up to high values of the order unity.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figure

X-ray study of structural domains in the near-surface region of SrTiO₃ substrates with Y_0.6Pr_0.4Ba₂Cu₃O₇/La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃ superlattices grown on top

We investigated with synchrotron x-ray diffraction and reflectometry the formation of structural domains in the near-surface region of single crystalline SrTiO₃ (001) substrates with Y0.6Pr0.4Ba₂Cu₃O₇/La2/3Ca1/3MnO₃ superlattices grown on top. We find that the antiferrodistortive cubic to tetragonal transition, which occurs at TSTO=104  K in the bulk and at a considerably higher temperature of at least 120 K in the surface region of SrTiO₃, has only a weak influence on the domain formation. The strongest changes occur instead in the vicinity of the tetragonal to orthorhombic transition in SrTiO₃ around 65 K where pronounced surface facets develop that reach deep (at least several micrometers) into the SrTiO₃ substrate. These micrometer-sized facets are anisotropic and tilted with respect to one another by up to 0.5° along the shorter direction. Finally, we find that a third structural transition below 30 K gives rise to significant changes in the spread of the c-axis parameters. Overall, our data provide evidence for a strong mutual interaction between the structural properties of the SrTiO₃ surface and the multilayer grown on top

The planarity of the stickface motion in the field hockey hit

The field hockey hit is an important but poorly understood stroke. This study investigated the planarity of the stickface motion during the downswing, in order to better characterise the kinematics and to assess the suitability of planar pendulum models for simulating the hit. Thirteen experienced female field hockey players were filmed executing hits with a single approach step, and the kinematics of the centre of the stickface were measured. A method was developed for identifying how far back from impact the stickface motion was planar. Orthogonal least-squares regression was used to determine best-fit planes for sections of the stickface path of varying length, each of which ended at impact, and these sections were considered planar if the mean residual between the stickface path and the fitted plane was less than 0.25% of the distance traveled by the stickface during that period. On average the stickface motion was planar for the last 83±12% of its downswing path, with the length of the planar section ranging from 1.85 m to 2.70 m. The suitability of a planar model for the stickface motion was supported, but further investigation of the stick and arm kinematics is warranted