Hurting to Cope: Self-Injurious Behavior as an Escape from Self-Focus

Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is a prevalent problem in today’s society and is estimated to affect 4% of the general population (Darche, 1990; Nock & Prinstein, 2004). SIB has been described as a form of coping (Fliege et al., 2006) and a means of escaping negative feelings (Barrera, Violo & Graver, 2007; Nock & Prinstein, 2004), however it has not been examined within the framework of Baumeister’s escape-style-coping theory (Baumeister, 1991a; 1991b). In addition, although escape-style-coping theory has been linked with self-focused temperament (Spievak, 2003), SIB has not been examined in relation to chronic self-focus. It was hypothesized that those individuals who reported self-injury would also be high in self-focus and report other related escape-style-coping behaviors. The results of two studies supported a positive correlation between self-injury and self-focus and related escape-style-coping behaviors

SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF MOBILITY ON BARIATRIC PATIENTS HAVING WEIGHT LOSS SURGERY

Mobility typically becomes an issue in the elderly, people with injuries and severely obese individuals. Severely obese, bariatric patients were the focus of a study conducted by Roberson, Neil, Pories, & Rose (2016). A qualitative study was done using 24 patients to determine their reasons for seeking bariatric surgery. This qualitative descriptive secondary analysis was conducted using data from the original study and focused on the issues of mobility that were contained in the interviews as stated by each participant. Colaizzi’s procedural steps of qualitative analysis was used for data analysis and four main themes were identified. The findings showed that lack of mobility impacts a patient’s ability to exercise before weight loss surgery, and their lifestyle habits overall were altered. This impacts the field of nursing since the participants are a sample of the bariatric surgical patient population who can be found in a multitude of healthcare facilities throughout the nation. Nurses should be able to safely help patients move by including the use of specialty equipment based on their reported mobility level

I Can Sing and Tell a Tale: Perception and the Self-Reflexive Nature of the Old English Poet

More than one contemporary scholar has written about the “search” for the Anglo-Saxon oral poet. They consider historical texts and poetry and every other possible place where some record of who the Anglo-Saxon scop may have been might be found. Some claim to recognize the Old English poet by the end of their search while others declare the entire pursuit to be futile for lack of substantial evidence. This study is somewhat of a combination of the two. Each chapter does take part in the search for the Old English poet figure, but it is not for the sake of discovering any real person or group of people. There is an unfortunate dearth of poets in historical records and very little evidence that a scop or oral poet position even existed. Searching for such a figure would prove to be a frustrating task indeed. Instead, this study sets out to discover the mentality of the Anglo-Saxon people in regards to the poet as a societal figure. By examining how the poet is portrayed for the Anglo-Saxons, we may come to understand who the poet was to those people: a worldly traveler who told them stories, a wise teacher who remembered their history, a talented craftsman who shared their skills. Together, these roles make up who the poet was to the people around them. Admired and respected, poets were appreciated by those for whom poetry was an essential part of life

Sleep duration as a risk factor for suicide ideation and attempts in minoritized youth

Sleep duration as a risk factor for suicide ideation and attempts in minoritized youth Danielle L. Williams, Caitlin P. Gregory, B.S., Jenessa Canen, B.S., & Amy Brausch Ph.D. Background and Objective: Suicide is the second leading cause of death in the United States for adolescents and poor sleep is a significant risk factor for suicide ideation and attempts. However, research shows that suicide risk factors identified in predominantly white samples of youth do not have the same association for racial minority youth; sleep may be one such factor. The current study evaluated how the association of total sleep duration with past-year suicide ideation and attempts may be different for youth from different racial backgrounds. Methods: Data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS; CDC, 2020) were used for this study which included 13,725 high school students. The sample was 50.3% female and 49.2% male. Adolescents identified as White (48.8%), Black or African American (14.9%), Hispanic/Latinx (22.2%), and 10.9% “other.” YRBS items used to test hypotheses assessed hours of sleep per night, past-year suicide ideation (yes/no), and frequency of past-year suicide attempts. Results: The first moderation model found that race was a significant moderator in the relationship between sleep duration and past-year suicide ideation. Simple slope analyses found the relationship to be strongest for White (b= -.38, p=\u3c.001) and Hispanic (b= -.36, p=\u3c.001) youth, and weakest for Black youth (b= -.14, p =.001). The second model found that race also moderated the relationship between sleep duration and frequency of past-year suicide attempts. Simple slope analyses found the relationship was weakest for Black youth (b= -.025, p=.03) compared to youth from other racial groups; the strongest relationship was found for White youth (b= -.053, p\u3c.001). Interestingly, Black youth reported the least amount of sleep, the lowest prevalence of suicide ideation (17.7%), but the highest rates of suicide attempts (14.6%). Conclusion: Future research should examine all possible suicide risk factors for minoritized youth to illuminate our understanding of increasing suicide rates