Commentary.

An address by Sir William Deane at the University of Queensland on 29 May 2003.Australia Council, La Trobe University, National Library of Australia, Holding Redlich, Arts Victori

Managing an Aid Programme

SUMMARY The fundamental purpose of overseas aid is to promote development, but an aid programme serves various purposes and in the UK the Foreign Office and the Department of Trade naturally take a close interest in how the money is spent. A basic choice in allocating funds is between multilateral and bilateral aid, although room for manoeuvre is limited. In managing British bilateral aid to countries an important issue is concentration or scatter. Three important criteria for selection of recipients are relative poverty of countries, political and commercial links and whether conditions exist for aid to be effective. In terms of sectors aquaculture, infrastructure, education, skilled manpower and health may deserve priority. The speech describes some of the processes by which decisions on the allocation of British aid are taken and expenditure supervised, ending with a reference to the role of important nongovernmental organisations in this process. SOMMAIRE Administration d'un programme d'aide L'objectif fondamental de l'aide outre?mer est de promouvoir le développement, mais les programmes d'aide servent plusieurs objectifs. Au Royaume?Uni le Foreign Office et le Département de Commerce sont naturellement intéressés à la manière dont les fonds sont dépensés. Un choix fondamental dans l'allocation des fonds est celui entre l'aide multilatérale et l'aide bilatérale, mais la différence entre les deux n'est pas toujours nette. La problématique de l'administration de l'aide brittannique bilatérale est celle de la balance entre la concentration et la dispersion. Il y a trois critères importants dans la sélection des récipients: la pauvreté relative des pays; les liens politiques et commerciaux; et s'il existe des conditions pour rendre l'aide efficace. Une priorité peut être accordée aux secteurs de l'aquaculture, de l'infrastructure, de l'éducation, de l'entrainement de personnel, et de la santé, Le discours décrit quelques processus de décisions à propos de l'allocation de l'aide brittannique et de la supervision des dépenses. L'article conclut en parlant du rôle que les organisations non — gouvernementales importantes jouent à cet égard. RESUMEN Administración de un programma de ayuda El objetivo fundamental de la ayuda a ultramar es promover el desarrollo. No obstante, dado que un programa de ayuda sirve a varios propósitos, en el Reino Unido el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y el Departamento de Comercio tienen, naturalmente, un gran interés en la forma como se gasta el dinero. Un criterio básico en la asignación de fondos consiste en decidir entre ayuda multilateral y bilateral, aunque en este caso las posibilidades de maniobra sen limitadas. Un aspecto importante en la administración de la ayuda británica, se refiere a su concentración o dispersión. Tres criterios importantes para seleccionar a los receptores son la pobreza relativa de los países, las relaciones políticas y comerciales y la existencia de condiciones para que la ayuda sea efectiva. En término de sectores, merecen prioridad la piscicultura, la infraestructura, la educación, la capacitación y la salud. El artículo describe algunos de los procesos mediante los cuales se decide la asignación y se supervisa el gasto de la ayuda británica, terminando con una referencia al rol que desempeñan importantes organizaciones no gubernamentales en este proceso

An investigation of several physical and chemical factors associated with chilling injury in stored sweetpotato cultivars

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of chilling temperatures on the appearance of raw roots of selected sweet-potato cultivars and on the color and flavor of baked roots of these same cultivars. Cultivars selected to give a range of chilling injury susceptibility were NC-212, NC-240 (Jewel),\u27 L-4-73, and Centennial. Storage temperatures of 35° F, 45° F, and 55°Ffor weekly durations up to six weeks were used. This was followed by a one week holding period at 70°F previous to examination. Non-cured and cured roots were evaluated for visual appearance, specific gravity, intercellular space, dry matter content, tissue pH, ascorbic acid content, and chlorogenic acid content. Roots of the NC-212 cultivar were less susceptible to chilling injury as measured organsleptically. NC-240 (Jewel), L-4-73, and Centennial followed in order of their resistance to chilling injury. NC-212 did not develop the characteristic dark discoloration following chilling temperature storage. Pithiness in NC-212 often prolonged storage following 35°F storage suggests that this cultivar is not immune to chilling injury. Specific gravity, intercellular space, and percentage dry matter were only slightly influenced by temperature treatments. Tissue pH decreased then increased in non-cured Centennial roots over the six week period. Tissue pH was reduced in cured Centennial roots with low temperature treatment. The reduction of pH was delayed in NC-212 cultivar at low temperature storage. Ascorbic acid content decreased more rapidly in Centennial than in NC-212 at low temperature storage in both cured and non-cured roots but curing tempered the ascorbic acid contents reduction. Chlorogenic acid did not increase in NC-212 at any temperature treatment but did increase in Centennial roots at 35°F and 45°F for both cured and non-cured roots. Little consistent relationship, cultivar to cultivar, was observed between appearance and any of the other variables measured

The French Hospital.

n/

Rondo Piacevole

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/1154/thumbnail.jp

Minuetto Espressivo

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/3402/thumbnail.jp

Hooker\u27s journal of botany and Kew Garden miscellany.

v.6 (1854

Botanical miscellany.

v.3 (1833