Method of remotely characterizing thermal properties of a sample

A sample in a wind tunnel is radiated from a thermal energy source outside of the wind tunnel. A thermal imager system, also located outside of the wind tunnel, reads surface radiations from the sample as a function of time. The produced thermal images are characteristic of the heat transferred from the sample to the flow across the sample. In turn, the measured rates of heat loss of the sample are characteristic of the flow and the sample

Prosecutor Dominance of the Warrant Decision: A Study of Current Practices

This Article is a by-product of the authors’ participation in the analysis phase of the American Bar Foundation\u27s Survey of the Administration of Criminal Justice in the United States. The ABF study, underwritten by a Ford Foundation grant, is concerned primarily with isolating and identifying the critical problems in current criminal justice administration. The complete study, to be published soon, is based upon detailed observation of the actual practices of police, prosecutors, courts and probation and parole agencies in Kansas, Michigan and Wisconsin. The law in action part of this article is also based on that data. Primary emphasis is on the class of cases in which the police seek a warrant because they believe, among other considerations, that the evidence is sufficient to justify charging. In that class of cases, a study of current administrative practices indicates two general areas of concern: (1) the divergence between the formal allocation of power to issue warrants and the observed practice, and (2) the procedures used by prosecutors to insure that warrants are issued only on sufficient evidence. The first two following sections underscore the first problem and attempt to provide a functional explanation for the divergence. Judicial abdication of the formal power to prevent issuance of warrants not based on sufficient evidence to constitute probable cause leaves the power to make that determination in the prosecutor. Thus viewed, the system is seen as one dominated by the prosecutor in which the only practical restraints are self-imposed, and the third subsection explores those restraints. The Article concludes with a contrast between the practical limitations on charging and the common assumption about the need for independent judicial determination of probable cause for issuance of a warrant

Phase behavior of repulsive polymer-tethered colloids

We report molecular dynamics simulations of a system of repulsive, polymer-tethered colloidal particles. We use an explicit polymer model to explore how the length and the behavior of the polymer (ideal or self-avoiding) affect the ability of the particles to organize into ordered structures when the system is compressed to moderate volume fractions. We find a variety of different phases whose origin can be explained in terms of the configurational entropy of polymers and colloids. Finally, we discuss and compare our results to those obtained for similar systems using simplified coarse-grained polymer models, and set the limits of their applicability.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures. Published in the Journal of Chemical Physic

The President\u27s Powers as Commander-in-Chief Versus Congress\u27 War Power and Appropriations Power

This joint work explores a variety of viewpoints all centered around the War Powers Resolution and its application to the situation in the Persian Gulf