Changing Organizational Routines. Antecedents, Processes, Outcomes

Organizational routines represent the primary means through which organizations perform and prevail, and can be found in such diverse tasks as hiring new employees, assembling cars in automobile plants, and conducting surgery in hospitals. This dissertation examines the antecedents, processes, and outcomes of organizational routine change and argues that organizational context is underappreciated in routine research. Context matters because it helps explain when, why, and how routines change

Oestrioluitscheiding in de urine en de anatomische toestand van de placenta (speciaal bij toxaemie)

The intention of this thesis is to investigate the connection between oestriol excretion in the urine and the condition of the placenta with special attention to toxaemia. We are of the opinion that the condition of the placenta is of decisive importance with regard to the intera-uturine prognosis of the child. ... Zie: Summar

(No) Time for Change : When and Why Entrepreneurs Act During Underperforming Fundraising Attempts

Entrepreneurs need to mobilize funds, but they do so under considerable uncertainty about resource holders’ preferences, leading often to fundraising attempts that perform below entrepreneurs’ aspirations. Past research has offered contrasting theorizing and evidence for why entrepreneurs then make changes to their product offering during such attempts as well as for why entrepreneurs refrain from taking such action. This paper develops and tests behavioral theory to reconcile this tension, explicating when and why entrepreneurs change their product offering during underperforming fundraising attempts. Specifically, we argue that entrepreneurs draw on three sources of information that are inherent to fundraising attempts and that inform the extent of their actions to change their product offering: the degree to which they perform below their own fundraising aspirations, the degree to which they fall below peer fundraising performance, and the time that remains until the deadline for the fundraising attempt. Longitudinal data on 576 fundraising campaigns (6,758 observations) published on the crowdfunding platform Kickstarter support our theory. By developing novel behavioral theory on when and why entrepreneurs take action during resource mobilization, we offer contributions to research on entrepreneurial resource mobilization, the crowdfunding literature, and the Behavioral Theory of the Firm.© 2023 The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialNoDerivatives 4.0 International License. You are free to download this work and share with others, but cannot change in any way or use commercially without permission, and you must attribute this work as Organization Science. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2020.13803, used under a Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

A multi-centennial record of past floods and earthquakes in Valle d'Aosta, Mediterranean Italian Alps

Mediterranean Alpine populations are particularly exposed to natural hazards like floods and earthquakes be- cause of both the close Mediterranean humidity source and the seismically active Alpine region. Knowledge of long- term variability in flood and earthquake occurrences is of high value since it can be useful to improve risk assessment and mitigation. In this context, we explore the potential of a lake-sediment sequence from Lago Inferiore de Laures in Valle d’Aosta (Northern Italy) as a long-term record of past floods and earthquakes. The high-resolution sedimentologi- cal study revealed 76 event layers over the last ca. 270 years; 8 are interpreted as most probably induced by earthquakes and 68 by flood events. Comparison to historical seismic data suggests that the recorded earthquakes are strong (epicen- tral Medvedev–Sponheuer–Kárník (MSK) intensity of VI– IX) and/or close to the lake (distance of 25–120 km). Com- pared to other lake-sediment sequences, Lago Inferiore de Laures sediments appear to be regionally the most sensitive to earthquake shaking, offering a great potential to recon- struct the past regional seismicity further back in time. Com- parison to historical and palaeoflood records suggests that the flood signal reconstructed from Lago Inferiore de Laures sed- iments represents the regional and (multi-)decadal variability of summer–autumn floods well, in connection to Mediter- ranean mesoscale precipitation events. Overall, our results reveal the high potential of Lago Inferiore de Laures sedi- ments to extend the regional earthquake and flood catalogues far back in time

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) storm after cryoballoon-based pulmonary vein isolation

Objective: Unusual clinical course. Background: Following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation, increased incidence of ventricular arrhythmia has been observed. We report a case of sustained ventricular arrhythmia in a patient who underwent cryoballoon-based pulmonary vein isolation for symptomatic persistent atrial fibrillation. Case Report: A 57-year-old patient with dilated cardiomyopathy underwent CB-based pulmonary vein isolation for symptomatic persistent AF. On the day following an uneventful procedure, the patient for the first time experienced a sustained ventricular tachycardia that exacerbated into VT storm. Each arrhythmia was terminated by the ICD that had been implanted for primary prevention. Antiarrhythmic treatment with amiodarone was initiated immediately. The patient remained free from sustained ventricular arrhythmia during follow-up. Conclusions: After pulmonary vein isolation, physicians should be vigilant for ventricular arrhythmia. The influence of atrial autonomic innervation on ventricular electrophysiology is largely unknown

Implantable loop recorders in patients with unexplained syncope: Clinical predictors of pacemaker implantation

Background: Implantable loop recorders (ILR) are a valuable tool for the investigation of unexplained syncopal episodes. The aim of this retrospective single center study was to identify predictive factors for pacemaker implantation in patients with unexplained syncope who underwent ILR insertion. Methods: One hundred six patients were retrospectively analyzed (mean age 59.1 years; 47.2% male) with unexplained syncope and negative conventional testing who underwent ILR implantation. The pri- mary study endpoint was detection of symptomatic or asymptomatic bradycardia requiring pacemaker implantation.  Results: The average follow-up period after ILR implantation was 20 ± 15 months. Pacemaker im- plantation according to current guidelines was necessary in 22 (20.8%) patients, mean duration until index bradycardia was 81 ± 88 (2–350) days. Ten (45.5%) patients received a pacemaker due to sinus arrest, 7 (31.8%) patients due to third-degree atrioventricular block, 2 (9.1%) patients due to second- degree atrioventricular block and 1 (4.5%) patient due to atrial fibrillation with a slow ventricular rate. Three factors remained significant in multivariate analysis: obesity, which defined by a body mass index above 30 kg/m2 (OR: 7.39, p = 0.014), a right bundle branch block (OR: 9.40, p = 0.023) and chronic renal failure as defined by a glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 mL/min (OR: 6.42, p = 0.035). Conclusions: Bradycardia is a frequent finding in patients undergoing ILR implantation due to un- explained syncope. Obesity, right bundle branch block and chronic renal failure are independent clinical predictors of pacemaker implantation