254 research outputs found
MTARC1 and HSD17B13 Variants Have Protective Effects on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery
The severity of hepatic steatosis is modulated by genetic variants, such as patatin-like
phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409, transmembrane 6 superfamily member
2 (TM6SF2) rs58542926, and membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7 (MBOAT7)
rs641738. Recently, mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component 1 (MTARC1) rs2642438 and
hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13) rs72613567 polymorphisms were shown to
have protective effects on liver diseases. Here, we evaluate these variants in patients undergoing
bariatric surgery. A total of 165 patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and intraoperative liver biopsies and 314 controls were prospectively recruited. Genotyping was performed
using TaqMan assays. Overall, 70.3% of operated patients presented with hepatic steatosis. NASH
(non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) was detected in 28.5% of patients; none had cirrhosis. The increment of
liver fibrosis stage was associated with decreasing frequency of the MTARC1 minor allele (p = 0.03). In
multivariate analysis MTARC1 was an independent protective factor against fibrosis ≥ 1b (OR = 0.52,
p = 0.03) and ≥1c (OR = 0.51, p = 0.04). The PNPLA3 risk allele was associated with increased hepatic
steatosis, fibrosis, and NASH (OR = 2.22, p = 0.04). The HSD17B13 polymorphism was protective
against liver injury as reflected by lower AST (p = 0.04) and ALT (p = 0.03) activities. The TM6SF2
polymorphism was associated with increased ALT (p = 0.04). In conclusion, hepatic steatosis is common among patients scheduled for bariatric surgery, but the MTARC1 and HSD17B13 polymorphisms
lower liver injury in these individuals
MARC1 p.A165T variant is associated with decreased markers of liver injury and enhanced antioxidant capacity in autoimmune hepatitis
The clinical picture of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) varies markedly between patients, potentially due to genetic modifiers. The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic variants previously associated with fatty liver as potential modulators of the AIH phenotype. The study cohort comprised 313 non-transplanted adults with AIH. In all patients, the MARC1 (rs2642438), HSD17B13 (rs72613567), PNPLA3 (rs738409), TM6SF2 (rs58542926), and MBOAT7 (rs641738) variants were genotyped using TaqMan assays. Mitochondrial damage markers in serum were analyzed in relation to the MARC1 variant. Carriers of the protective MARC1 allele had lower ALT and AST (both P < 0.05). In patients treated for AIH for ≥ 6 months, MARC1 correlated with reduced AST, ALP, GGT (all P ≤ 0.01), and lower APRI (P = 0.02). Patients carrying the protective MARC1 genotype had higher total antioxidant activity (P < 0.01) and catalase levels (P = 0.02) in serum. The PNPLA3 risk variant was associated with higher MELD (P = 0.02) in treated patients, whereas MBOAT7 increased the odds for liver cancer (OR = 3.71). None of the variants modulated the risk of death or transplantation. In conclusion, the MARC1 polymorphism has protective effects in AIH. Genotyping of MARC1, PNPLA3, and MBOAT7 polymorphisms might help to stratify patients with AIH
Liver phenotypes in PCOS: Analysis of exogenous and inherited risk factors for liver injury in two European cohorts
Background & Aims
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Here, we use non-invasive tests to quantify liver injury in women with PCOS and analyse whether FLD-associated genetic variants contribute to liver phenotypes in PCOS.
Methods
Prospectively, we recruited women with PCOS and controls at two university centres in Germany and Poland. Alcohol abuse was regarded as an exclusion criterion. Genotyping of variants associated with FLD was performed using TaqMan assays. Liver stiffness measurements (LSM), controlled attenuation parameters (CAP) and non-invasive HSI, FLI, FIB-4 scores were determined to assess hepatic steatosis and fibrosis.
Results
A total of 42 German (age range 18–53 years) and 143 Polish (age range 18–40 years) women with PCOS, as well as 245 German and 289 Polish controls were recruited. In contrast to Polish patients, Germans were older, presented with more severe metabolic profiles and had significantly higher LSM (median 5.9 kPa vs. 3.8 kPa). In the German cohort, carriers of the PNPLA3 p.I148M risk variant had an increased LSM (p = .01). In the Polish cohort, the minor MTARC1 allele was linked with significantly lower serum aminotransferases activities, whereas the HSD17B13 polymorphism was associated with lower concentrations of 17-OH progesterone, total testosterone, and androstenedione (all p < .05).
Conclusions
FLD is common in women with PCOS. Its extent is modulated by both genetic and metabolic risk factors. Genotyping of variants associated with FLD might help to stratify the risk of liver disease progression in women suffering from PCOS.Peer Reviewe
Liver phenotypes in PCOS : Analysis of exogenous and inherited risk factors for liver injury in two European cohorts
Background & Aims
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Here, we use non-invasive tests to quantify liver injury in women with PCOS and analyse whether FLD-associated genetic variants contribute to liver phenotypes in PCOS.
Methods
Prospectively, we recruited women with PCOS and controls at two university centres in Germany and Poland. Alcohol abuse was regarded as an exclusion criterion. Genotyping of variants associated with FLD was performed using TaqMan assays. Liver stiffness measurements (LSM), controlled attenuation parameters (CAP) and non-invasive HSI, FLI, FIB-4 scores were determined to assess hepatic steatosis and fibrosis.
Results
A total of 42 German (age range 18–53 years) and 143 Polish (age range 18–40 years) women with PCOS, as well as 245 German and 289 Polish controls were recruited. In contrast to Polish patients, Germans were older, presented with more severe metabolic profiles and had significantly higher LSM (median 5.9 kPa vs. 3.8 kPa). In the German cohort, carriers of the PNPLA3 p.I148M risk variant had an increased LSM (p = .01). In the Polish cohort, the minor MTARC1 allele was linked with significantly lower serum aminotransferases activities, whereas the HSD17B13 polymorphism was associated with lower concentrations of 17-OH progesterone, total testosterone, and androstenedione (all p < .05).
Conclusions
FLD is common in women with PCOS. Its extent is modulated by both genetic and metabolic risk factors. Genotyping of variants associated with FLD might help to stratify the risk of liver disease progression in women suffering from PCOS
Budżetowanie działalności jednostek gospodarczych Teoria i praktyka. Część V
Z wprowadzenia: "Przekazujemy do rąk Czytelników część monografii dotyczącej budżetowania
jednostek gospodarczych. Jej przygotowanie zbiegło się z ukazaniem się manifestu
Precz z budżetami Jeremiego Норе’а i Robina Frasera. Autorzy poddają
tam ostrej krytyce dotychczasowe praktyki stosowania budżetowania kosztowego.
Stąd niniejsza publikacja - między innymi - dlatego różni się istotnie od poprzednich.
Od pewnego czasu - także w Polsce - pojawiały się głosy wskazujące na istotne
niedoskonałości budżetowania kosztowego, na przykład J. Gierusz [Materiały
konferencyjne 2001], G. H. Świderska [Rachunkowośćzarządcza i rachunek kosztów,
2002]. Nie odnosiły one jednak skutku. Nie zauważono też dotąd narastającej
listy zarzutów wytaczanych przeciw finansowym jednostkom miary stosowanym
w budżetowaniu kosztowym, na przykład G. K. Świderska [jak wyżej],
M. Sierpińska, B. Niedbała [Controllingoperacyjny wpnedsiębiorstwie, 2003]. Bez
echa pozostało postawione przez autora pytanie: „zmierzch czy rozwój budżetowania?”
[„Controlling i rachunkowość zarządcza” 9/2002], gdzie jednoznacznie
wskazano, że budżetowanie kosztowe obejmuje jedynie jedną sferę działalności
przedsiębiorstwa i tym samym nie może stanowić wystarczającej podstawy do
sterowania przedsiębiorstwem. Zwolennicy budżetowania kosztowego nawet zgadzali
się ze stawianymi zarzutami, jednak nie reagowali na propozycje zmian
w filozofii i metodologii budżetowania."(...
Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in -tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV
Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton
collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against
a boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and
transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 GeV and in the pseudorapidity range . The
data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy
of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb. Triple
differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum
fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also
measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent
fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the
measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into
the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any
supplementary material and additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb
public pages
Study of the decay
The decay is studied
in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of TeV
using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5
collected by the LHCb experiment. In the system, the
state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is
resolved into two narrower states, and ,
whose masses and widths are measured to be where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second
systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a
prompt sample. Evidence of a new
state is found with a local significance of , whose mass and width
are measured to be and , respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode
is found with a significance of
. The relative branching fraction of with respect to the
decay is measured to be , where the first
uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from
the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb
public pages
Measurement of the ratios of branching fractions and
The ratios of branching fractions
and are measured, assuming isospin symmetry, using a
sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0 fb of
integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012. The
tau lepton is identified in the decay mode
. The measured values are
and
, where the first uncertainty is
statistical and the second is systematic. The correlation between these
measurements is . Results are consistent with the current average
of these quantities and are at a combined 1.9 standard deviations from the
predictions based on lepton flavor universality in the Standard Model.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-039.html (LHCb
public pages
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
Abstract
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries
Optimization of the method for the determination of nitrates(III) and (V) by flow injection analysis technique
Azotany przyczyniają się do zanieczyszczeń wód i gleb, co zwiększa toksyczność i prowadzi do niebezpiecznych chorób. W organizmie azotany(V) redukują się do azotanów(III), powodując zmianę formy hemoglobiny, na formę, która nie wiąże tlenu - methemoglobina. Skutkuje to niedotlenieniem ośrodkowego układu nerwowego i mięśnia sercowego. W wodach pitnych najwyższe dopuszczalne stężenie wynosi, odpowiednio: azotanów(III) 0,5 mg/L, a azotanów(V) 50 mg/L. Przeprowadzono badania, w których został wykorzystany analizator wstrzykowo-przepływowy FIAModula firmy MLE. Podjęto się modyfikacji dedykowanego oprogramowania FIAStudio dla metody oznaczania azotanów(III) i (V) w celu ulepszenia warunków pomiarowych. Operując prędkościami i czasem przepływów roztworów skrócono całkowity czas analizy o 25 min 12 s (prawie dwukrotnie). Nowe opracowanie okazało się równie użyteczne, bez straty na czułości i precyzji oznaczenia. W nowych warunkach pomiarowych oznaczono azotany w próbkach rzeczywistych wód z terenu miasta Krakowa – wodach rzecznych, kranowych, zalewowych, stawowych oraz próbce nawozu i wody z klimatyzatora. Okazało się, że najwyższe spośród analizowanych, lecz dopuszczalne według norm stężenie azotanów(V) miały próbki – woda kranowa z dzielnicy Nowa Huta (4,97 mg/L) i woda z klimatyzatora (4,95 mg/L). Jedynie w wodach rzecznych w zakresie krzywych kalibracyjnych wykryto azotany(III) – Wilga (0,19 mg/L) i Wisła (0,09 mg/L).Nitrates contribute to water and soil pollution, which increases toxicity and leads to dangerous diseases. In the body, nitrate(V) is reduced to nitrate(III), causing hemoglobin to change to a form that does not bind oxygen - methemoglobin. This results in hypoxia of the central nervous system and heart muscle. In drinking water, the maximum permissible concentration is 0.5 mg/L nitrate(III) and 50 mg/L nitrate(V), respectively. A study was conducted using MLE's FIAModula flow-injection analyzer. Modifications to the dedicated FIAStudio software for the nitrate(III) and (V) determination method were undertaken to improve measurement conditions. By operating the velocities and times of solution flows, the total analysis time was reduced by 25 min 12 s (almost double). The new development proved to be equally useful, with no loss in sensitivity or precision of the determination. Under the new measurement conditions, nitrates were determined in samples of real water from the city of Cracow - river water, tap water, flood water, pond water, and a sample of fertilizer and water from an air conditioner. It turned out that the samples - tap water from the Nowa Huta district (4.97 mg/L) and water from the air conditioner (4.95 mg/L) - had the highest among the analyzed, but acceptable according to the standards, nitrate(V) concentrations. Only in river waters within the range of the calibration curves were nitrates(III) detected - Wilga (0.19 mg/L) and Wisla (0.09 mg/L)
- …