Aestheticized Tragedy (Karuṇarasa) as an Intellectual Virtue

In contemporary virtue epistemology, responsibilist intellectual virtues in the tradition of Aristotle\u27s moral theory are acquired character traits involving a motivational component and a success component. The motivational component is an emotion that regulates inquiry but which would ordinarily, and problematically, carry bias. In order to monitor the patterns of fallibility in emotions, reflection can correct beyond perceptual errors or logical fallacies. Emotions which survive reflection are less partial and hold more epistemic valance than egotistical emotions. Since the framework of virtue epistemology might be at a loss for monitoring emotions reflectively, given the fact emotions operate rapidly and tend to bypass cognitive functions, a theory of non-cognitive, egoless emotions, such as the Sanskrit aesthetic theory of rasa is a useful paradigm for epistemic value. Aestheticized emotions (rasa-s) have a place in emotion-evaluation. In particular, Abhinavagupta\u27s realistic analysis of the aestheticized emotion of pathos (karuṇarasa) in the Abhinavabhāratī, shows that, “aestheticized tragedy,” unlike ordinary compassion or pity, is an immersive but moving higher-order affective response that involves evaluating the transitions from one unreflective emotion to the next. The cognitive fallout for related virtues, such as compassion, is that karuṇa affords insight into the process of transformation. Subsequently, it is possible to articulate a new kind of intellectual virtue, one that regulates observation, anticipates attunement with sentient beings, and adds insight to the evaluative structure of pathos

Schoolyard Activity of Children At Risk for Communication and/or Language Delays

INTRODUCTION Low parental education, hearing loss, premature birth, and several developmental disorders put children at risk for communication and/or language delays, which adversely affect social development and academic readiness. Our purpose was to characterize the outdoor free-play behaviors of children who are at risk of such delays to ultimately inform changes to the schoolyard environment which promote physical activity, social interaction, and language development. METHODS Children (N=16) in preschool or kindergarten who are at risk for communication and/or language delays were observed for a single day, which included one or two 30-minute recess periods, depending on whether the child attended for a half (n=7) or full (n=9) day. A direct observation protocol based on the Observational System for Recording Activity in Children and the Play Observation Scale was used wherein the focal child was observed for 5-sec, then data were recorded for 25-sec, resulting in one observation per 30-sec. Outcomes included physical activity level, type, context, group composition, play type, and conversation. RESULTS Children spent 61% of observations in total physical activity with walking (23%) and open space (48%) as the most common activity type and context, respectively. Most observations (79%) occurred in a social setting, primarily in a group with an adult (31%). Children engaged in functional play for 68% of the observations while 31% of observations included conversation. DISCUSSION Children\u27s play was mostly social and active, similar to prior research in children without risk for communication and/or language delays. These data will be used to inform program-specific changes to the schoolyard environment. Similar observations conducted indoors could inform classroom redesign strategieshttps://digitalcommons.usu.edu/fsrs2022/1031/thumbnail.jp

A mathematical simulation model of a 1985-era tilt-rotor passenger aircraft

A mathematical model for use in real-time piloted simulation of a 1985-era tilt rotor passenger aircraft is presented. The model comprises the basic six degrees-of-freedom equations of motion, and a large angle of attack representation of the airframe and rotor aerodynamics, together with equations and functions used to model turbine engine performance, aircraft control system and stability augmentation system. A complete derivation of the primary equations is given together with a description of the modeling techniques used. Data for the model is included in an appendix

Navajo-Gallup Water Supply Project

In March of 2009, the Congress passed and President Obama signed into law the“Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 . The Project is a major endeavor for northwestern New Mexico. In one sense,authorization of the project culminates years of work. In another sense, it means the beginning of many additional years of effort. There is much to be done to construct and carry the project forward to reality, including work for the federal government,the State of New Mexico, the Navajo Nation, and the city of Gallup. In view of the Project’s magnitude, this article reviews only its major aspect

Carlos Cisneros: His Life, Career, & Contributions

State Senator Carlos Cisneros links New Mexico’s past, present and future

Evaluating the impact of land use and policy on water quality in an agricultural catchment: The Leet water,South-East Scotland.

This is an interdisciplinary study combining research techniques from the natural and social sciences, to evaluate the impact of EU policies and land use change scenarios for assessing water quality in an agricultural catchment. The study focuses on the Leet Water catchment, a left-bank tributary of the River Tweed, Berwickshire, South-East Scotland. The Leet Water and its subcatchment the Lambden Bum cover an area of approximately 114km(^2) within the Lothian and Borders Nitrate Vulnerable Zone (designated in 2002).In the Leet Water catchment, spot measurements of nitrate (NO(^3)-N) from 1977 to 1998 found the 11.3 mg/1 (EU permitted maximum) was often exceeded. Further spot monitoring from October 2002 to August 2004 found 12 instances where the 11.3 mg/1 permitted maximum was exceeded with all streams in the catchment experiencing high levels of nitrate over the winter periods. Interviews with local farmers, advisors, and the regulators found this to be the result of a complex set of circumstances including long-term Common Agricultural Policy subsidies and the farmers' drive for increased profitability without due regard for the environmental consequences. Land management practices such as under- draining of fields, overuse of fertiliser and allowing livestock access to water-courses has exacerbated the problem. The study demonstrates the potential of multispectral airborne remote sensed data for mapping agricultural land cover at the field scale, including the ability to distinguish winter and spring-sown cereal crops. Pollution impacts were modelled using a modified export coefficient approach by integrating land cover with available chemical and fertiliser practice data sets. Results of modelling scenarios of simple land use changes found that reducing fertiliser use by 10% can reduce the number of fields in the very high risk group from 191 to 16 This equates to reducing the high risk area from 〜3255 ha (29% of the catchment) to 〜428 ha (3.3 % of the catchment). This method of water quality modelling provides a means of integrating field research on water quality with the results of socio-economic surveys. The research found the principal causes of the failure of EU policy to address the problems are both socio-economic and institutional barriers, in particular the way in which information is presented to the farming community. Case studies of both large and small farms reveal that agri-environment measures such as the 'points' based Rural Stewardship Scheme (RSS) can attract substantial funding. However, these schemes are of most benefit to large farms where significant land use changes that accrue points can be made. Smaller farms find it difficult to suggest changes that will accrue these 'points' for a successful application. Furthermore, farmers believe recent changes e.g. the Land Management Contract implemented by The Scottish Executive may include a range of funding opportunities for improving land management practices but these are not well presented. There are gaps in the knowledge transfer process in relation to water quality issues between Government and land users. This research suggests that independent facilitators (advisors) such as those used in the Australian landcare approach should be introduced in the UK to help address this problem

Conceptual design study of a 1985 commercial STOL tilt rotor transport

Results of conceptual engineering design studies of a STOL tilt rotor commercial aircraft for the 1985 time frame are presented. The details of aircraft size, performance, flying qualities, noise, and cost are included. The savings in terms of fuel economy resulting from STOL operations compared with VTOL vehicles are determined

What Good Is A Songwriter?

Recently I saw a post on Twitter from the songwriter Dan Wilson, asking the question; ‘what good is a songwriter today’? The post received 51 replies stating, amongst others, that a songwriter is a ‘truth teller’, a ‘flashback’ a ‘prophet’ or ‘bard’, someone who can put ‘feeling into words’ where others can’t. All wonderfully vivid. This post started a train of thought for me. In answering Dan’s question on Twitter I asked myself, can you separate the song and the songwriter, and if you do, what is the purpose of a songwriter? Especially in this day and age