A Phenomenological Study Examining the Experiences of First Generation, Low Income, and Students of Color in a First Year Experience College Course, Related to Student Persistence and Retention

The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative study was to understand the experiences of underrepresented student populations (first generation students, students receiving federal financial aid and students of color) enrolled in First Year Experience (FYE) courses who then persisted to the following semester and remained enrolled at the college. The study examined students at a large, urban community college in central Connecticut and included 8 students as participants. The theories that guided this study were Astin’s Theory of Involvement (Astin, 1999) and Tinto’s Theory of Departure (Tinto, 1993). The central question for this study was: how do students describe their experiences in a First Year Experience course? A purposeful sampling of 8 students was used for the study. Data was collected by interviews, a focus group, and a questionnaire. Data analysis procedures were conducted based on Moustakas’ (1994) modification of the Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method. The results of this study confirmed the Theory of Involvement (Astin, 1999) as well as the Theory of Departure (Tinto, 1993. The participants in this study perceived that they had a very positive experience while taking FYE coursework and that the coursework helped them in regards to persistence and retention at the college. The content and experiences in the coursework helped form meaningful connections to resources and programs, which kept them engaged and enrolled at the college. These connections helped students overcome obstacles and barriers to their success as students

HIV/AIDS and rural livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa (NRI Policy Series 6)

This publication, therefore describes the main findings of key studies which have investigated the impact of HIV/AIDS on rural livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa and summarizes the key issues arising from this literature; identifies gaps in current knowledge; and identifies the main centres of excellence and expertise in the field of HIV/AIDS and rural livelihoods. A wider aim of this publication is to enhance understanding of the relevance of HIV/AIDS in relation to current poverty-alleviation initiatives and to generate further debate

BREAST SUPPORT IMPLICATIONS FOR FEMALE RECREATIONAL ATHLETES DURING STEADY-STATE RUNNING

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high (HS) and low (LS) breast support on running kinematics and breast comfort during steady-state running. Eleven larger-breasted female recreational athletes completed a short duration treadmill run (2.58 m/s) in a LS and HS condition. Multi-planar breast and running kinematics were analysed; breast comfort was rated at the end of each treadmill run. The HS condition significantly reduced breast kinematics and increased breast comfort. Differences in lower-extremity mechanics were found between breast support conditions; results suggest performance may be compromised if high breast support is not worn. Individual running mechanics were also found to influence breast kinematics, highlighting that some runners may need custom-made breast support

O Parto Normal: Experiências de Portugal e Além-fronteiras

As a result of medical advances and technological developments, childbirth in Europe has been transformed from a physiological process usually taking place in the home, to a pathological, clinical event. This publication is concerned with what constitutes a normal birth in contemporary society, and current cultural influences on childbirth practices. What are the procedures and outcomes, opinions and preferences related to childbirth in different societies, and particularly Portugal? What is the interface between proponents of different approaches to childbirth? And what developments can we expect to see in the immediate future? These issues were discussed by specialists from diverse backgrounds at an international seminar in Lisbon. This e-book includes a general and thematic introduction, a literal transcription of the seminar proceedings and discussions, academic and practical references and a comprehensive bibliography. Each section is presented in both English and Portuguese.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

All Perspectives Matter: A Co-orientational Analysis of Problem-based Law Enforcement and Community Relationships

The relationships between law enforcement officers and the communities they serve has been the focus of accelerating national scrutiny in light of numerous contentious and widely publicized incidents involving alleged protected police misconduct, or alternatively, citizen and government overreach.https://fuse.franklin.edu/ss2016/1015/thumbnail.jp

The Effects of Child Sexual Abuse on Children with Autism

The purpose of conducting this research was to understand the effects of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) on children with autism, and how behaviors attributed with CSA easily get mistaken as behaviors attributed with autism, leaving them more vulnerable to CSA. The research question used in this study is: How does Child Sexual abuse affect children with autism? This paper is a systematic review, which entailed using a sampling of professional and scholarly articles published in recent years to answer a question or understand a subject matter, in this context being the effects of CSA, with the focus demographic being children with autism. In searching for related articles, inclusion criteria were used that included topics such as the prevalence of child sexual abuse, the effects, and other related terms, with exclusion criteria being adult sexual abuse (sexual abuse taking place after turning eighteen). During this research, the measurement tools of PRISMA and AMSTAR were used to further assess and ensure the relevance of the articles to this research paper. As a result of the research conducted, it was deduced that children with autism are at a higher risk of being a victim of sexual abuse than a child without due to their functional impairments in social interaction and communication. Furthermore, with these findings, research indicates that individuals with ASD may require additional support, education, and protection that they are currently not receiving. The lack of research regarding the subject matter also indicates the need for more research on the subject of CSA in children with autism, of which this paper hopes to contribute to

The experience of breast pain (mastalgia) in female runners of the 2012 London Marathon and its effect on exercise behaviour

Background For female marathon runners, breast pain (mastalgia) may be an important issue which has yet to be considered. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of mastalgia in female marathon runners, identify factors that increase mastalgia and methods used to overcome mastalgia, and explore the impact that mastalgia may have on marathon training. Methods 1397 female marathon runners were surveyed at the 2012 London Marathon Registration. All participants who completed the four-part, 30-question survey in its entirety have been included in the analysis (n=1285). Results 32% of participants experienced mastalgia. This was significantly related to cup size and was greater during vigorous compared with moderate physical activity. Exercise-related factors were the primary factors reported to increase mastalgia participation. Seventeen per cent of symptomatic participants reported that mastalgia affected their exercise behaviour. Methods reportedly used to overcome mastalgia included pain medication and firm breast support; however, 44% of participants took no measures to relieve symptoms despite over half describing their mastalgia as discomforting. Conclusions Mastalgia was experienced by a third of marathon runners and was found to be related to breast size which has previously been unreported. The link between exercise and mastalgia has yet to be established; however, this study identified that exercise was the most prevalent factor in mastalgia occurrence which may have implications for its management. The number of participants who took no measures to relieve their mastalgia, or resorted to pain medication, highlights the importance and significance of research into exercise-related mastalgia