3,137 research outputs found
Human–Black Bear Conflicts: A Review of Common Management Practices
The objective of this monograph is to provide wildlife professionals, who respond to human–bear conflicts, with an appraisal of the most common techniques used for mitigating conflicts as well as the benefits and challenges of each technique in a single document. Most human–black bear conflict occurs when people make anthropogenic foods like garbage, dog food, domestic poultry, or fruit trees available to bears. Bears change their behavior to take advantage of these resources and may damage property or cause public safety concerns in the process. Managers and the public need to understand the available tools to stop human–bear conflict and reduce effects on bear populations.https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/hwi_monographs/1002/thumbnail.jp
Methods for Managing Human–Deer Conflicts in Urban, Suburban, and Exurban Areas
This monograph identifies challenges and benefits associated with many human–deer conflict mitigation actions as well as methods to monitor the response of deer populations to management actions. Deer exploit urban, suburban, and exurban areas where human populations provide anthropogenic attractants, either intentionally or inadvertently, which often leads to human–deer conflicts. Mitigating actions have varying degrees of efficacy and may not be effective or accepted in every situation. Wildlife and municipal managers must work together to seek methods to reduce attractants, mitigate conflicts, and perpetuate the conservation of wildlife species that adds to the appreciation of nature in our lives.https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/hwi_monographs/1001/thumbnail.jp
Ethnographic methods in academic libraries: A review
Research in academic libraries has recently seen an increase in the use of ethnographic-based methods to collect data. Primarily used to learn about library users and their interaction with spaces and resources, the methods are proving particularly useful to academic libraries. The data ethnographic methods retrieve is rich, context specific, and often difficult to collect via other methods. This review provides an overview of research demonstrating how ethnography can be applied to learn about a variety of issues in academic libraries, ranging from space use to a way of teaching new students about library resources and facilities
A new search for distant radio galaxies in the Southern hemisphere -- III. Optical spectroscopy and analysis of the MRCR--SUMSS sample
We have compiled a sample of 234 ultra-steep-spectrum(USS)-selected radio
sources in order to find high-redshift radio galaxies (HzRGs). The sample is in
the southern sky at -40 deg < DEC < -30 deg which is the overlap region of the
408-MHz Revised Molonglo Reference Catalogue, 843-MHz Sydney University
Molonglo Sky Survey (the MRCR--SUMSS sample) and the 1400-MHz NRAO VLA Sky
Survey. This is the third in a series of papers on the MRCR--SUMSS sample. Here
we present optical spectra from the ANU 2.3-m telescope, ESO New Technology
Telescope and ESO Very Large Telescope for 52 of the identifications from
Bryant et al. (2009, Paper II), yielding redshifts for 36 galaxies, 13 of which
have z>2. We analyse the K-z distribution and compare 4-arcsec-aperture
magnitudes with 64-kpc aperture magnitudes in several surveys from the
literature; the MRCR--SUMSS sample is found to be consistent with models for
10^{11}-10^{12} solar mass galaxies. Dispersions about the fits in the K-z plot
support passive evolution of radio galaxy hosts since z>3. By comparing
USS-selected samples in the literature, we find that the resultant median
redshift of the samples shown is not dependent on the flux density distribution
or selection frequency of each sample. In addition, our finding that the
majority of the radio spectral energy distributions remain straight over a wide
frequency range suggests that a k-correction is not responsible for the success
of USS-selection in identifying high redshift radio galaxies and therefore the
steep radio spectra may be intrinsic to the source or a product of the
environment. Two galaxies have been found to have both compact radio structures
and strong self-absorption in the Ly-alpha line, suggesting they are surrounded
by a dense medium...abridged.Comment: Accepted for MNRAS. 25 page
A new search for distant radio galaxies in the Southern hemisphere -- II. 2.2 micron imaging
We have compiled a sample of 234 ultra-steep-spectrum (USS) selected radio
sources in order to find high-redshift radio galaxies. The sample covers the
declination range -40deg < DEC < -30deg in the overlap region between the
1400-MHz NRAO VLA Sky Survey, 408-MHz Revised Molonglo Reference Catalogue and
the 843-MHz Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (the MRCR-SUMSS sample). This
is the second in a series of papers on the MRCR-SUMSS sample, and here we
present the K-band (2.2 micron) imaging of 173 of the sources primarily from
the Magellan and the Anglo-Australian Telescopes. We detect a counterpart to
the radio source in 93% of the new K-band images which, along with previously
published data, makes this the largest published sample of K-band counterparts
to USS-selected radio galaxies. The location of the K-band identification has
been compared to the features of the radio emission for the double sources. We
find that the identification is most likely to lie near the midpoint of the
radio lobes rather than closer to the brighter lobe, making the centroid a less
likely place to find the optical counterpart. 79% of the identifications are
less than 1 arcsec from the radio lobe axis. These results differ from studies
of low-redshift radio samples where the environments are typically not nearly
so dense and disturbed as those at high redshift. In contrast to some
literature samples, we find that the majority of our sample shows no alignment
between the near-infrared and radio axes. Several different morphologies of
aligned structures are found and those that are aligned within 10 degrees are
consistent with jet-induced star formation. ...abridged...Comment: Accepted for MNRAS. 28 pages. Due to file size constraints, low
resolution images have been used, and the high resolution versions are
available in the MNRAS published versio
Addressing men's health policy concerns in Australia: what can be done?
There is a lack of consensus about what men's health constitutes in Australia. The absence of a widely accepted definition has been problematic for establishing state and national men's health policies. I consider that one impediment to the implementation of state and federal men's health policies has been a lack of willingness to approach men's health from a broad public health perspective. In particular, scant attention has been paid to exploring lay perspectives of how men define and understand health, and in turn, how these relate to significant policy problems such as men's health service use. I conclude by suggesting that a focus on men's lay perspectives of their health emerging from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland provides a useful framework to guide men's health policy discussion in Australia
Increased Expression of Integrin-Linked Kinase Improves Cardiac Function and Decreases Mortality in Dilated Cardiomyopathy Model of Rats
AIMS: Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a multifunctional kinase linking the extracellular matrix to intracellular signaling pathways, whose activation in the heart gives rise to a number of functional consequences. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the therapeutic and survival benefit of cardiac ILK overexpression in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy. METHODS AND RESULTS: The dilated cardiomyopathy model was generated in rats by intraperitoneal administration of six equal doses of doxorubicin over a 2 week period. Five weeks after the first injection, echocardiographic analysis demonstrated impaired cardiac function and, at that point, recombinant adenoviral vector harboring ILK cDNA or vehicle was injected into the myocardium, and the rats re-studied 4 weeks later. Compared with vehicle injection, ILK treatment ameliorated inflammatory cell infiltration and cardiomyocyte degeneration, as well as left ventricular dilation and dysfunction. ILK treatment was also associated with a reduction in apoptosis and an increase in proliferation of cardiomyocytes, as well as decreased oxidative stress and autophagic vacuole accumulation. Importantly, mortality was lower in rats following ILK treatment than in those following vehicle injection. In cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, we also found that ILK overexpression protected against doxorubicin-induced apoptosis, giving rise to an increase in their proliferation. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate for the first time that ILK gene therapy improves cardiac function and survival in a model of dilated cardiomyopathy, and this may be mediated through suppression of inflammation, prevention of ventricular remodeling, inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and autophagy, and stimulation of cardiomyocyte proliferation
Diversity and Strain Specificity of Plant Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes Revealed by the Draft Genome of Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Nonradioactive, ultrasensitive site-specific protein–protein photocrosslinking: interactions of α-helix 2 of TATA-binding protein with general transcription factor TFIIA and transcriptional repressor NC2
We have developed an approach that enables nonradioactive, ultrasensitive (attamole sensitivity) site-specific protein–protein photocrosslinking, and we have applied the approach to the analysis of interactions of α-helix 2 (H2) of human TATA-element binding protein (TBP) with general transcription factor TFIIA and transcriptional repressor NC2. We have found that TBP H2 can be crosslinked to TFIIA in the TFIIA–TBP–DNA complex and in higher order transcription–initiation complexes, and we have mapped the crosslink to the ‘connector’ region of the TFIIA α/β subunit (TFIIAα/β). We further have found that TBP H2 can be crosslinked to NC2 in the NC2–TBP–DNA complex, and we have mapped the crosslink to the C-terminal ‘tail’ of the NC2 α-subunit (NC2α). Interactions of TBP H2 with the TFIIAα/β connector and the NC2α C-terminal tail were not observed in crystal structures of TFIIA–TBP–DNA and NC2–TBP–DNA complexes, since relevant segments of TFIIA and NC2 were not present in truncated TFIIA and NC2 derivatives used for crystallization. We propose that interactions of TBP H2 with the TFIIAα/β connector and the NC2α C-terminal tail provide an explanation for genetic results suggesting importance of TBP H2 in TBP–TFIIA interactions and TBP–NC2 interactions, and provide an explanation—steric exclusion—for competition between TFIIA and NC2
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A prospectus for future geomorphological investigation of the Namib Sand Sea
The Namib Sand Sea in southern Africa offers an ideal location in which to consider general questions about the evolution of sand seas, about the fluxes of sand through contemporary dune fields and about the patterns of dune form that are created. This paper aims to provide a concise account of the approaches and techniques that are currently being used and will be used in the future to address these questions. The paper considers the techniques employed to investigate wind climate, the morphometry of the dunes, the internal structure of dune sediments, the age of the dunes and the potential to model dune development
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