The Effect of Black Descriptive Representation on Black Electoral Turnout in the 2004 Elections

The principal objective in this study is to examine the effects of African-American descriptive representation on African-American voter turnout levels. As it stands, the extant literature on minority electoral empowerment has produced conflicting reports. Copyright (c) 2007 by the Southwestern Social Science Association.

The color of representation : congressional behavior and Black interests /

Includes bibliographical references (p. 173-181) and index.Introduction : the quality of representation for African-Americans -- Federal protection of voting rights : the role of Congress in the Black struggle for the franchise -- The quest for equal opportunity -- The color of Congress : the impact of race and the role of issues in congressional roll call votes -- Racial redistricting and the representation of Black interests -- Epilogue : Black policy preferences, congressional behavior, and the future of representation for African-Americans.Mode of access: Internet

Does type 1 diabetes alter post-exercise thermoregulatory and cardiovascular function in young adults?

Recent data demonstrated that individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) exhibit impaired sweating and increased rectal temperature (i.e., heat storage) during exercise compared with healthy controls. Our purpose in this study was to investigate the consequences of T1DM on post-exercise thermal homeostasis. Sixteen participants (eight controls matched with eight T1DM) performed 90min of cycling followed by 60min of seated recovery. Esophageal and rectal temperatures, sweating (forearm, chest, and upper back), skin blood flow [forearm and upper back, presented as cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC)], and blood pressure [mean arterial pressure (MAP)] were measured at baseline and throughout recovery. Esophageal temperature was similar during baseline and recovery between groups (P=0.88). However, rectal temperature was elevated in our T1DM group throughout recovery (P=0.05). Sweating and CVC were similar between groups at all sites from 10-min post-exercise until the end of recovery (P≥0.16). While absolute MAP was similar between groups (P=0.43), the overall decrease in MAP post-exercise was greater in controls from 20min (T1DM: -8±5 vs control: -13±6mmHg, P=0.03) until the end of recovery. We conclude that despite increased heat storage during exercise, individuals with T1DM exhibit a suppression in heat loss similar to their healthy counterparts during recovery. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Race, Political Empowerment, and Minority Perceptions of Judicial Fairness

Recent studies of the impact of black elite electoral success on the system-supporting attitudes of black citizens have yielded mixed, but generally unimpressive, empirical results. We extend this limited research by examining the effects of the presence of black judicial officials on public attitudes toward a state judicial system. Copyright (c) 2005 by the Southwestern Social Science Association.

Disentangling Constituency and Legislator Effects in Legislative Representation: Black Legislators or Black Districts?

Does the race of a legislator or does the black population of a district best predict legislative roll-call voting in the interests of African Americans? Due to methodological limitations, no prior study has found that "both" the race of the legislator "and" the black district population are significant predictors of congressional roll-call voting. Drawing on post "Shaw v. Reno"/"Miller v. Johnson" congressional districts (with greater data variance), I examine the effect of these two racial representation variables on roll-call voting in the 104th-106th Congresses. Copyright (c) 2005 by the Southwestern Social Science Association.