53 research outputs found
Therapeutic jurisprudence and procedural justice in Scottish drug courts
Scotland, like other Western jurisdictions, has recently witnessed the development of problem-solving courts aimed at responding more effectively to issues that underlie certain types of offending behaviour. The first to be established were two pilot Drug Courts which drew upon experience of Scottish Drug Treatment and Testing Orders. In common with Drug Courts elsewhere, the Scottish pilots combined treatment, drug testing, supervision and judicial oversight. This article focuses upon the role of judicial involvement in the ongoing review of Drug Court participants’ progress, drawing upon court observation and interviews with offenders and Drug Court professionals. Drug Court dialogues were typically encouraging on the part of sheriffs, aimed at recognising and reinforcing the progress made by participants and motivating then to maintain and build upon their achievements to date, while participants were generally responsive to the positive feedback they received from the sheriffs as their orders progressed. Interactions within the Scottish Drug Courts reflect key features of procedural justice (Tyler, 1990), including ethicality, efforts to be fair and representation. By contributing to enhanced perceptions of procedural justice, Drug Court dialogues may, it is argued, increase the perceived legitimacy of the court and by so doing encourage increased compliance with treatment and desistance from crime
Changing practices: The specialised domestic violence court process
Specialised domestic violence courts, initially developed in the United States of America, have been recognised by other jurisdictions including Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom. This article presents a case study of K Court in Toronto, drawing upon documentary evidence, direct observations and interviews with key informants. It is argued that the specialised domestic violence court process includes changing practices of some of the key stakeholders. Learning lessons from abroad can offer jurisdictions insights that can steer implementation of appropriate practices in the field
Increasing Alternative Sentencing in the Juvenile Justice System Through a Partnership Between Public Defenders and Social Workers
The ultrasonically activated scalpel versus bipolar diathermy for tonsillectomy: a prospective, randomized trial
Faraday rotation fluctuations of MESSENGER radio signals through the equatorial lower corona near solar minimum
Faraday rotation (FR) of transcoronal radio transmissions from spacecraft near superior
conjunction enables study of the temporal variations in coronal plasma density, velocity, and magnetic
field. The MESSENGER spacecraft 8.4 GHz radio, transmitting through the corona with closest line-of-sight
approach 1.63–1.89 solar radii and near-equatorial heliolatitudes, was recorded soon after the deep solar
minimum of solar cycle 23. During egress from superior conjunction, FR gradually decreased, and an overlay
of wave-like FR fluctuations (FRFs) with periods of hundreds to thousands of seconds was found. The FRF
power spectrum was characterized by a power law relation, with the baseline spectral index being 2.64. A
transient power increase showed relative flattening of the spectrum and bands of enhanced spectral power
at 3.3 mHz and 6.1 mHz. Our results confirm the presence of coronal FRF similar to those described previously
at greater solar offset. Interpreted as Alfvén waves crossing the line of sight radially near the proximate point,
low-frequency FRF convey an energy flux density higher than that of the background solar wind kinetic
energy, but only a fraction of that required to accelerate the solar wind. Even so, this fraction is quite variable
and potentially escalates to energetically significant values with relatively modest changes in estimated
magnetic field strength and electron concentration. Given the uncertainties in these key parameters, as well
as in solar wind properties close to the Sun at low heliolatitudes, we cannot yet confidently assign the
quantitative role for Alfvén wave energy from this region in driving the slow solar wind
Judges' Knowledge About Sexual Offenders, Difficulties Presiding Over Sexual Offense Cases, and Opinions on Sentencing, Treatment, and Legislation
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