Ionospheric quasi-static electric field anomalies during seismic activity in August–September 1981

The paper proposes new results, analyses and information for the plate tectonic situation in the processing of INTERCOSMOS-BULGARIA-1300 satellite data about anomalies of the quasi-static electric field in the upper ionosphere over activated earthquake source regions at different latitudes. The earthquake catalogue is made on the basis of information from the United State Geological Survey (USGS) website. The disturbances in ionospheric quasi-static electric fields are recorded by IESP-1 instrument aboard the INTERCOSMOS-BULGARIA-1300 satellite and they are compared with significant seismic events from the period 14 August–20 September 1981 in magnetically very quiet, quiet and medium quiet days. The main tectonic characteristics of the seismically activated territories are also taken in account. The main goal of the above research work is to enlarge the research of possible connections between anomalous vertical electric field penetrations into the ionosphere and the earthquake manifestations, also to propose tectonic arguments for the observed phenomena. The studies are represented in four main blocks: (i) previous studies of similar problems, (ii) selection of satellite, seismic and plate tectonic data, (iii) data processing with new specialized software and observations of the quasi-static electric field and (iiii) summary, comparison of new with previous results in our studies and conclusion. We establish the high informativity of the vertical component <i>Ez</i> of the quasi-static electric field in the upper ionosphere according observations by INTERCOSMOS-BULGARIA-1300 that are placed above considerably activated earthquake sources. This component shows an increase of about 2–10 mV/m above sources, situated on mobile structures of the plates. The paper discusses the observed effects. It is represented also a statistical study of ionospheric effects 5–15 days before and 5–15 days after the earthquakes with magnitude M 4.8–7.9

Consistency of metabolic responses and appetite sensations under postabsorptive and postprandial conditions

The present study aimed to investigate the reliability of metabolic and subjective appetite responses under fasted conditions and following consumption of a cereal-based breakfast. Twelve healthy, physically active males completed two postabsorption (PA) and two postprandial (PP) trials in a randomised order. In PP trials a cereal based breakfast providing 1859 kJ of energy was consumed. Expired gas samples were used to estimate energy expenditure and fat oxidation and 100 mm visual analogue scales were used to determine appetite sensations at baseline and every 30 min for 120 min. Reliability was assessed using limits of agreement, coefficient of variation (CV), intraclass coefficient of correlation and 95% confidence limits of typical error. The limits of agreement and typical error were 292.0 and 105.5 kJ for total energy expenditure, 9.3 and 3.4 g for total fat oxidation and 22.9 and 8.3 mm for time-averaged AUC for hunger sensations, respectively over the 120 min period in the PP trial. The reliability of energy expenditure and appetite in the 2 h response to a cereal-based breakfast would suggest that an intervention requires a 211 kJ and 16.6 mm difference in total postprandial energy expenditure and time-averaged hunger AUC to be meaningful, fat oxidation would require a 6.7 g difference which may not be sensitive to most meal manipulations

THE PREV A LENCE OF AN TI BOD IES AGAINST EQUINE IN FLU ENZA VI RUS, EQUINE HERPESVIRUS 1 AND 4, EQUINE ARTERITIS VI RUS AND EQUINE RHINOVIRUS 1 AND 2 IN DUTCH STAN DARD BRED HORSES

Pre va len tie van an ti stof fen te gen equi e ne in flu en za vi rus, equi e ne her pes vi rus 1 en -4, equi ABSTRACT A ran dom cross-sec ti o nal se ropre va len ce stu dy was con duc ted in 1996 by ta king blood sam ples from 330 dif fe rent Stand ard bred hor ses on all ra cet racks in the Ne ther lands. This blood sam pling took pla ce on four con se cu ti ve days, with each hor se being sam pled only once. Sam ples were in ves ti ga ted for an ti bo dies against se ver al strains of equi ne in flu en za vi rus, equi ne her pes vi rus ty pes 1 and 4, equi ne ar te ri tis vi rus, and equi ne rhi no vi rus ty pes 1 and 2. A type spe ci fic gG ELISA was used to de ter mi ne spe ci fic se ropre va lences of equi ne her pes vi ru ses 1 and 4. Influ en za se ro lo gy, using in flu en za A/equi/1/Pra gue/56 as an in di ca tor vi rus for vac ci na ti on, de mon stra ted that 38% of the hor ses were eit her un vac ci na ted or in ade qua te ly vac cina ted. Many of the se hor ses ap pe a red to have ex pe rien ced an in flu en za A/equi-2 field in fec ti on. Neut ra lizing and com ple ment fixing an ti bo dies against both EHV1 and EHV4 were found in a high per cen ta ge of the sam ples. Ho we ver, for EHV1 this high se ropre va len ce was pu ta ti ve ly cau sed by cross-re ac ting EHV4 an ti bo dies sin ce, in a type-spe ci fic gG ELISA, the EHV1 se ropre va len ce was only 28%, as com pa red with a 99% se ropre va len ce for EHV4. High se ropre va len ces were also found for equi ne rhi no vi rus type 1 and for the equi ne ar te ri tis vi rus, thus in di ca ting the en de mic na tu re of the se vi ru ses. Many of the se in fec ti ons may be sub cli ni cal. The se ropre va len ce of equi ne rhi no vi rus type 2 was sur pri sing ly low. The pos si ble re la ti onship be tween vi ral in fec ti ons and up per res pi ra to ry tract dis e a se and/or in flam ma to ry air way dis e a se is discus sed. SAMENVATTING Een ge ran do mi seerd 'cross-sectional' se ropre va len tie on der zoek werd uit ge voerd bij warm bloed paar den (n=330) op alle draf-en ren ba nen in Ne der land door het een ma lig ne men van een bloed staal op vier op een vol gen de da gen. De se rum sta len wer den on der zocht op an ti stof fen te gen ver schei de ne equi e ne in flu en zas tam men, equi e ne her pes vi rus type 1 en 4, equi e ne ar te ri tis vi rus en rhi no vi rus type 1 en 2. Voor het be pa len van de af zon der lij ke seropre va len tie van EHV1 en EHV4 werd een ty pes pe ci fie ke gG ELISA ge bruikt. De in flu en zas ero lo gie op ba sis van in flu en za A/equi-1/Praag/56 als in di ca tor vi rus toon de aan dat 38 % van de paar den niet of on vol doen de gevac ci neerd was. Veel van deze paar den ble ken wel een in flu en za A/equi-2 veld in fec tie te heb ben door ge maakt. In een hoog per cen ta ge van de sta len wer den neu tra li se ren de en com ple ment bin den de an ti stof fen te gen EHV1/4 aang etoond. Voor EHV1 werd deze hoge se ropre va len tie waar schijn lijk ver oor zaakt door kruis re a ge ren de an tiVlaams Dier ge nees kun dig Tijd schrift, 2005, 74, 140-145 Ori gi nal Arti cle 140 stof fen te gen EHV4, de se ropre va len tie van 28 % te gen EHV1 en 99 % te gen EHV4 in een ty pes pe ci fie ke gG ELISA in acht ge no men. Ge zien de re la tief hoge se ropre va len ties die bij de Ne der land se warm bloed po pu la tie gevon den wer den, moe ten hier ook equi e ne rhi no vi rus type 1 en equi e ne ar te ri tis vi rus als en zo ötisch wor den beschouwd . Veel van deze in fec ties lij ken sub kli nisch te ver lo pen. De se ropre va len tie van equi e ne rhi no vi rus type 2 was ver ras send laag. In de dis cus sie wordt aan dacht be steed aan het mo ge lij ke ver band tus sen vi ra le in fec ties en ziek te ver schijn se len van de bo ven ste lucht we gen

Fischer-type carbene complexes of tris(1,4-phenylene)amines and tri(2-furyl)phosphine

Novel chromium and tungsten mono- and multiethoxycarbene complexes were synthesized from tris(4- bromophenyl)amine and tri(2-furyl)phosphine substrates. A comparative study between the amine and phosphine multicarbene complexes revealed small differences between the respective compounds. In solution, an equilibrium situation was observed between the mono- and bis-carbene complexes of tri(2-furyl)phosphine. The monocarbene amine ligand differs from the analogous phosphine ligand in the way the heteroatom lone pair electrons are able to interact with the carbene functionality. Unlike for the phosphine, the greater electron delocalization of the amine affected the coordination ability of the ligand when reacted with [Pt(COD)Cl2]. These properties of the monocarbene-carrying ligands were confirmed and supported by solid state structural studies, spectroscopic data, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa under grant number 73679, the Spanish MINECO grant CTQ2013-44303-P, and European FEDER.http://pubs.acs.org/journal/orgnd72016-02-28hb201

CO Adsorption on Supported Gold Nanoparticle Catalysts: Application of the Temkin Model

The adsorption of CO on the supported gold nanoparticle catalysts Au/TiO2, Au/Fe2O3, and Au/ZrO2 was examined using infrared transmission spectroscopy to quantify the isobaric CO coverage as a function of temperature. The Temkin adsorbate interaction model was then applied to account for the adsorption behavior. To test the general applicability of the Temkin model, this treatment was also applied to three data sets from the literature. This included another real-world catalyst and two model catalysts. All data sets were accurately represented by the Temkin adsorbate interaction model. The resulting thermodynamic metrics are consistent with previous determinations and reflect a particle size-dependence. In particular, the intrinsic adsorption enthalpy at zero CO coverage varies almost linearly with Au particle size, and this trend appears to be correlated with the abundance of low-coordinate Au sites (cf., CN = 6 and 7 for corners and edges, respectively). For very small particles with mostly CN = 6 corner sites, the enthalpy reflects strong binding (cf., −ΔH0 ≈ 78 kJ/mol), while for large particles with mostly CN = 7 edge sites, the enthalpy reflects weaker binding (cf., −ΔH0 ≈ 63 kJ/mol). The results also suggest that these sites are coupled. This study demonstrates that the Temkin adsorbate interaction model accurately represents adsorption data, yields meaningful metrics that are useful for characterizing nanoparticle catalysts, and should be applicable to other adsorption data sets

Broadening our Understanding of Adversarial Growth: The Contribution of Narrative Methods

After adversity, individuals sometimes report adversarial growth - positive changes in their identity, relationships, and worldviews. We examined how narrative methods enhanced understanding of adversarial growth compared to standard questionnaires. Participants (N = 411) from college and community samples reported on their well-being, wrote a narrative about a highly challenging experience, and answered questionnaires on adversarial growth. Results showed that adversarial growth coded in narratives was positively associated with widely used self-report questionnaires of adversarial growth. Unexpectedly, narrative growth did not predict incremental validity in well-being outcomes compared to standard questionnaires. We found unique expressions of adversarial growth in a qualitative analysis of the narratives. We discuss the added value of using narratives for the assessment of adversarial growth

Synthesis and properties of Fischer carbene complexes of N,N-dimethylaniline and anisole π-coordinated to chromium tricarbonyl

Please read abstract in the article.Associated content: Accession codes: CCDC 1577569, CCDC 1577570, CCDC 1577571, CCDC 1577572, CCDC 1577573, CCDC 1577574 and CCDC 1577575 contains the supplementary crystallographic data for this paper. This data can be obtained free of charge via www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif, or by emailing data [email protected], or by contacting The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, UK; fax: +44 1223 336033.SL acknowledges the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and University of Pretoria for funding of a research visit in Konstanz and the NRF for financial support of the project by GUN 87788 and 95772 grants. NW and SL kindly acknowledge the LC-MS Synapt Facility (Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria) for mass spectrometry services provided by Ms Madelien Wooding and some help in obtaining NMR spectra by Ms Zandria Lamprecht. NW gratefully acknowledges financial support by the University of Pretoria and the NRF for a research visit to the Universität Konstanz and to Prof. Winter for hosting her on two occasions. RFW thanks the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, for providing access to the bwHPC computational facilities at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jorganchem2019-08-15hj2019Chemistr

Simulating eddy current sensor outputs for blade tip timing

Blade tip timing is a contactless method used to monitor the vibration of blades in rotating machinery. Blade vibration and clearance are important diagnostic features for condition monitoring, including the detection of blade cracks. Eddy current sensors are a practical choice for blade tip timing and have been used extensively. As the data requirements from the timing measurement become more stringent and the systems become more complicated, including the use of multiple sensors, the ability to fully understand and optimize the measurement system becomes more important. This requires detailed modeling of eddy current sensors in the blade tip timing application; the current approaches often rely on experimental trials. Existing simulations for eddy current sensors have not considered the particular case of a blade rotating past the sensor. Hence, the novel aspect of this article is the development of a detailed quasi-static finite element model of the electro-magnetic field to simulate the integrated measured output of the sensor. This model is demonstrated by simulating the effect of tip clearance, blade geometry, and blade velocity on the output of the eddy current sensor. This allows an understanding of the sources of error in the blade time of arrival estimate and hence insight into the accuracy of the blade vibration measurement