28 research outputs found
The bi-Poisson process: a quadratic harness
This paper is a continuation of our previous research on quadratic harnesses,
that is, processes with linear regressions and quadratic conditional variances.
Our main result is a construction of a Markov process from given orthogonal and
martingale polynomials. The construction uses a two-parameter extension of the
Al-Salam--Chihara polynomials and a relation between these polynomials for
different values of parameters.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117907000000268 the
Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Recursive Neyman Algorithm for Optimum Sample Allocation under Box Constraints on Sample Sizes in Strata
The optimal sample allocation in stratified sampling is one of the basic
issues of modern survey sampling methodology. It is a procedure of dividing the
total sample among pairwise disjoint subsets of a finite population, called
strata, such that for chosen survey sampling designs in strata, it produces the
smallest variance for estimating a population total (or mean) of a given study
variable. In this paper we are concerned with the optimal allocation of a
sample, under lower and upper bounds imposed jointly on the sample
strata-sizes. We will consider a family of sampling designs that give rise to
variances of estimators of a natural generic form. In particular, this family
includes simple random sampling without replacement (abbreviated as SI) in
strata, which is perhaps, the most important example of stratified sampling
design. First, we identify the allocation problem as a convex optimization
problem. This methodology allows to establish a generic form of the optimal
solution, so called optimality conditions. Second, based on these optimality
conditions, we propose new and efficient recursive algorithm, named RNABOX,
which solves the allocation problem considered. This new algorithm can be
viewed as a generalization of the classical recursive Neyman allocation
algorithm, a popular tool for optimal sample allocation in stratified sampling
with SI design in all strata, when only upper bounds are imposed on sample
strata-sizes. We implement the RNABOX in R as a part of our package stratallo,
which is available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN). Finally, in
the context of the established optimality conditions, we briefly discuss two
existing methodologies dedicated to the allocation problem being studied: the
noptcond algorithm introduced in Gabler, Ganninger and M\"unnich (2012); and
fixed iteration procedures from M\"unnich, Sachs and Wagner (2012)
Stem photosynthesis : a key element of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) acclimatisation to salinity
Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) is a leguminous plant of outstanding tolerance to abiotic stress. The aim of the presented study was to describe the mechanism of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) photosynthetic apparatus acclimatisation strategies to salinity stress. The seedlings were cultivated in a hydroponic system in media containing various concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, and 100 mM), imitating none, moderate, and severe salinity, respectively, for three weeks. In order to characterise the function and structure of the photosynthetic apparatus, Chl a fluorescence, gas exchange measurements, proteome analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis were done inter alia. Significant differences in the response of the leaf and stem photosynthetic apparatus to severe salt stress were observed. Leaves became the place of harmful ion (Na+) accumulation, and the efficiency of their carboxylation decreased sharply. In turn, in stems, the reconstruction of the photosynthetic apparatus (antenna and photosystem complexes) activated alternative electron transport pathways, leading to effective ATP synthesis, which is required for the efficient translocation of Na+ to leaves. These changes enabled efficient stem carboxylation and made them the main source of assimilates. The observed changes indicate the high plasticity of grass pea photosynthetic apparatus, providing an effective mechanism of tolerance to salinity stress
World Tobacco Quitting Day 2020 : the united voice of Polish experts on tobacco prevention and control
Semigroups of distributions with linear Jacobi parameters
We show that a convolution semigroup of measures has Jacobi parameters
polynomial in the convolution parameter if and only if the measures come
from the Meixner class. Moreover, we prove the parallel result, in a more
explicit way, for the free convolution and the free Meixner class. We then
construct the class of measures satisfying the same property for the two-state
free convolution. This class of two-state free convolution semigroups has not
been considered explicitly before. We show that it also has Meixner-type
properties. Specifically, it contains the analogs of the normal, Poisson, and
binomial distributions, has a Laha-Lukacs-type characterization, and is related
to the case of quadratic harnesses.Comment: v3: the article is merged back together with arXiv:1003.4025. A
significant revision following suggestions by the referee. 2 pdf figure