UVSSA, UBP12, and RDO2/TFIIS Contribute to Arabidopsis UV Tolerance

Plant DNA is damaged by exposure to solar radiation, which includes ultraviolet (UV) rays. UV damaged DNA is repaired either by photolyases, using visible light energy, or by nucleotide excision repair (NER), also known as dark repair. NER consists of two subpathways: global genomic repair (GGR), which repairs untranscribed DNA throughout the genome, and transcription-coupled repair (TCR), which repairs transcribed DNA. In mammals, CSA, CSB, UVSSA, USP7, and TFIIS have been implicated in TCR. Arabidopsis homologs of CSA (AtCSA-1/2) and CSB (CHR8) have previously been shown to contribute to UV tolerance. Here we examine the role of Arabidopsis homologs of UVSSA, USP7 (UBP12/13), and TFIIS (RDO2) in UV tolerance. We find that loss of function alleles of UVSSA, UBP12, and RDO2 exhibit increased UV sensitivity in both seedlings and adults. UV sensitivity in atcsa-1, uvssa, and ubp12 mutants is specific to dark conditions, consistent with a role in NER. Interestingly, chr8 mutants exhibit UV sensitivity in both light and dark conditions, suggesting that the Arabidopsis CSB homolog may play a role in both NER and light repair. Overall our results indicate a conserved role for UVSSA, USP7 (UBP12), and TFIIS (RDO2) in TCR

Synthesis, Characterization, and Assessment of Anti-Cancer Potential of ZnO Nanoparticles in an In Vitro Model of Breast Cancer

Advanced innovations for combating variants of aggressive breast cancer and overcoming drug resistance are desired. In cancer treatment, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have the capacity to specifically and compellingly activate apoptosis of cancer cells. There is also a pressing need to develop innovative anti-cancer therapeutics, and recent research suggests that ZnO nanoparticles hold great potential. Here, the in vitro chemical effectiveness of ZnO NPs has been tested. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized using Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad by green methods approach. The generated ZnO was observed to have a hexagonal wurtzite crystal arrangement. The generated nanomaterials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy. The crystallinity of ZnO was reported to be in the range 50–60 nm. The NPs morphology showed a strong absorbance at 374 nm with an estimated gap band of 3.20 eV to 3.32 eV. Microscopy analysis proved the morphology and distribution of the generated nanoparticles to be around 50 nm, with the elemental studies showing the elemental composition of ZnO and further confirming the purity of ZnO NPs. The cytotoxic effect of ZnO NPs was evaluated against wild-type and doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. The results showed the ability of ZnO NPs to inhibit the prefoliation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 prefoliation through the induction of apoptosis without significant differences in both wild-type and resistance to doxorubicin

Synthesis, Characterization, and Assessment of Anti-Cancer Potential of ZnO Nanoparticles in an In Vitro Model of Breast Cancer.

Advanced innovations for combating variants of aggressive breast cancer and overcoming drug resistance are desired. In cancer treatment, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have the capacity to specifically and compellingly activate apoptosis of cancer cells. There is also a pressing need to develop innovative anti-cancer therapeutics, and recent research suggests that ZnO nanoparticles hold great potential. Here, the chemical effectiveness of ZnO NPs has been tested. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized using (L.) Schrad by green methods approach. The generated ZnO was observed to have a hexagonal wurtzite crystal arrangement. The generated nanomaterials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy. The crystallinity of ZnO was reported to be in the range 50-60 nm. The NPs morphology showed a strong absorbance at 374 nm with an estimated gap band of 3.20 eV to 3.32 eV. Microscopy analysis proved the morphology and distribution of the generated nanoparticles to be around 50 nm, with the elemental studies showing the elemental composition of ZnO and further confirming the purity of ZnO NPs. The cytotoxic effect of ZnO NPs was evaluated against wild-type and doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. The results showed the ability of ZnO NPs to inhibit the prefoliation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 prefoliation through the induction of apoptosis without significant differences in both wild-type and resistance to doxorubicin

Determining Levels of Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide And Thermal Comfort Inside IUG Offices And Its Effect on The Employees

Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is one of the most important factors that affect the residents of the indoor locations. CO2, CO and thermal comfort is the most famous parameters, and IUG is considered as a leader in the pursuit of providing satisfaction for workers. This study aims to identify the impact of the elements of indoor environmental quality on the employees of IUG and to compare these elements with the international recognized standards. This study was conducted on 22 rooms within IUG, where employees spend more 7 hours in their offices during three seasons: winter, and summer, in two stages, the first stage: field work, by measuring the concentration of CO2, CO, Humidity and temperature by using the relevant devices, the second stage: designing a questionnaire for exploring the extent of the impact of The study shows the following results: 80% of IUG employees are satisfied with thermal comfort and the concentration of CO is appropriate and less than the standards (9ppm). CO2 is high in the rooms that rely on centralized air conditioning, and there is a negative relationship between the ventilation ratio and the concentration of CO2. There is a significant statistical difference between CO2 measurements according to seasons these factors on the employees working indoors. The university employees felt the symptoms of health issues related to carbon dioxide concentration. The study concluded that CO2, CO concentrations are varied inside the rooms of the university and the environmental awareness of these factors and their effect need to be enforced

Integrating morphological characters, molecular markers, and distribution patterns to assess the identity of Blepharis species from Jordan

Background: Blepharis constitutes an important part of the vegetation of the Jordanian arid and semi-arid regions, yet whether one or more species of this genus occurs in the Jordanian area is uncertain. We addressed this question by assessing morphological characters and testing Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers from three populations of Blepharis: two northern (lower slopes of Kufranjah valley and the Dead Sea region) and one southern (Wadi al Yutm). Results: Shoots from randomly chosen Blepharis plants were harvested from each of the three populations for morphological and molecular analyses. In the northern populations, spikes were lax and bract width was significantly shorter than length of the longest lateral spine compared to the southern population. A multivariate linear discriminant analysis distinguished the northern populations from the southern one by internode length, bract width, longest lateral spine length, and bract width to spine length ratio. The ISSR analysis revealed that 44 markers across eight primers were polymorphic with major allele frequency of 83.6% and an average of 5.5 polymorphic markers per primer. The genetic resemblance among individuals ranged from 0.27 to 0.96. The three Blepharis populations were accordingly clustered into two distinct groups, similar to the analysis of morphological differences and corresponding with the “northern” and “southern” population designations. Conclusions: Our results strongly indicate the occurrence of two discrete Blepharis species in Jordan and reject the hypothesis that the genus is represented by only one species. We propose that the Blepharis species in Jordan are B. attenutata Napper (represented by the northern populations) and B. ciliaris (L.) B. L. Burtt (represented by the southern population). These findings are important for informing and revising floristic work within the region and an updated key has been included in our findings.Forestry, Faculty ofNon UBCForest and Conservation Sciences, Department ofReviewedFacult

Data from: Integrating morphological characters, molecular markers, and distribution patterns to assess the identity of Blepharis species from Jordan

Background: Blepharis constitutes an important vegetative part of the Jordanian arid and semi-arid regions, yet whether one or more species occurs in this area is debatable. We addressed this question by assessing morphological characters and employing Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers on three populations of Blepharis: two Northern (lower slopes of Kufranjah valley and the Dead Sea region) and one Southern (Wadi al Yutm). Results: Shoots from 19 randomly chosen Blepharis plants per population were harvested for morphological and molecular analyses. Spikes were lax and bract width was considerably shorter than length of the longest lateral spine in the Northern populations compared to the Southern population (P < 0.001). A multivariate linear discriminant analysis (LDA) distinguished the Northern populations from the Southern one largely by internode length, bract width, longest lateral spine length, and bract width to spine length ratio (P < 0.001). The ISSR analysis revealed that 44 markers across eight primers were polymorphic with major allele frequency of 83.6% and an average of 5.5 polymorphic markers per primer. The genetic resemblance among individuals ranged from 0.27 to 0.96. The three Blepharis populations were accordingly clustered into two distinct groups, similar to the analysis of morphological differences. Conclusions: Our results strongly indicate the occurrence of two discrete Blepharis species in Jordan and the hypothesis that the genus is represented by only one species is not supported. The species in Jordan are B. attenutata Napper (represented by the Northern populations) and B. ciliaris [L.] B. L. Burtt (represented by the Southern population). These findings are important for informing floristic work within the region and an updated key has been included in our findings

LDA.R

R code for Linear Discriminant Analysi