A longitudinal resource for population neuroscience of school-age children and adolescents in China

During the past decade, cognitive neuroscience has been calling for population diversity to address the challenge of validity and generalizability, ushering in a new era of population neuroscience. The developing Chinese Color Nest Project (devCCNP, 2013–2022), the first ten-year stage of the lifespan CCNP (2013–2032), is a two-stages project focusing on brain-mind development. The project aims to create and share a large-scale, longitudinal and multimodal dataset of typically developing children and adolescents (ages 6.0–17.9 at enrolment) in the Chinese population. The devCCNP houses not only phenotypes measured by demographic, biophysical, psychological and behavioural, cognitive, affective, and ocular-tracking assessments but also neurotypes measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain morphometry, resting-state function, naturalistic viewing function and diffusion structure. This Data Descriptor introduces the first data release of devCCNP including a total of 864 visits from 479 participants. Herein, we provided details of the experimental design, sampling strategies, and technical validation of the devCCNP resource. We demonstrate and discuss the potential of a multicohort longitudinal design to depict normative brain growth curves from the perspective of developmental population neuroscience. The devCCNP resource is shared as part of the “Chinese Data-sharing Warehouse for In-vivo Imaging Brain” in the Chinese Color Nest Project (CCNP) – Lifespan Brain-Mind Development Data Community (https://ccnp.scidb.cn) at the Science Data Bank

Genome-wide characterization, identification and expression analysis of WD40 proteins family in cotton

Abstract WD40 repeat proteins are largely distributed across the plant kingdom and played an important role in diverse biological activities. In this work, we performed genome-wide identification, characterization and expression level analysis of WD40 genes in cotton. A total of 579, 318 and 313 WD40 genes were found in Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium raimondii, respectively. Based on phylogenetic tree analyses, WD40 genes were divided into 11 groups with high similarities in exon/intron features and protein domains within the group. Expression analysis of WD40 genes showed differential expression at different stages of cotton fiber development (0 and 8 DPA) and cotton stem. A number of miRNAs were identified to target WD40 genes that are significantly involved in cotton fiber development during initiation and elongation stages. These include miR156, miR160, miR162, miR164, miR166, miR167, miR169, miR171, miR172, miR393, miR396, miR398, miR2950 and miR7505. The findings provide a stronger indication of WD40 gene functions and their involvement in the regulation of cotton fiber development during initiation and elongation stages.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Table_1_Realizing the value of grassland ecosystem services: global practice and its inspiration for the karst desertification control area.XLSX

The conflict between grassland ecosystem conservation and economic development is an important but challenging question. Realizing the value of ecosystem services (ES) is considered to be a solution for the dual sustainability of ecology and economy. However, there is a lack of systematic understanding of value realization of grassland ES, especially in the karst desertification (KDC) area, which is still at an exploratory stage. We obtained 527 studies from 48 countries in the past 20 years through the Scopus database, and systematically reviewed the current understandings and practices by the content analysis method, and enlightened the inspiration for the grassland in the KDC area. Results showed that: (i) Over the past 20 years, the literature number showed a fluctuating growth trend, and the study areas are mainly concentrated in economically developed countries with rich grassland resources; (ii) Pathways such as grassland management and payment for ecosystem services (PES) are widely used to improve grassland ES and human well-being, and most studies have shown positive effects; (iii) Their performance is significantly impacted by stakeholders, governments, as well as the attributes of ES, and a path of government-led, stakeholder participation and market-oriented operation should be explored; and (iv) There are still some knowledge gaps, such as, uneven distribution of study areas, few effective pathways for realizing the public grassland ES value, and deficient linkage mechanisms of “grassland ES-industry development-economic system feedback-ecosystem protection,” and so on. Based on our findings, we not only make recommendations for the current dilemma of realizing the value of grassland ES, but also put forward the enlightenments to the grassland in the KDC area based on experiences and lessons learned from global practices. The results can provide theoretical guidance for the ecological protection and sustainable development of grasslands in fragile areas.</p

Palladium-Catalyzed Four-Component Cascade Reaction for the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Acyclic <i>O</i>,<i>O</i>‑Acetals

A palladium-catalyzed four-component cascade reaction of carbon dioxide, amines, allenyl ethers, and aryl iodides has been developed for the first time. The novel reaction allows simultaneous construction of three different new bonds (C–N, C–O, and C–C) in a single step, affording an efficient method for the synthesis of a variety of highly functionalized acyclic <i>O</i>,<i>O</i>-acetals. Excellent chemo- and regioselectivity, wide substrate scope, and good functional group tolerance are features of the method

Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative C–N Bond Coupling Involving a Solvent-Controlled Regioselective Bromination Process

Stereoselective palladium-catalyzed oxidative C–N bond coupling reactions between aromatic amines and alkenes involving a solvent-controlled regioselective bromination process under 1 atm of oxygen atmosphere are disclosed, providing easy access to two different brominated enamines. The addition of hydrogen peroxide (30% aq) as a co-oxidant in the system is crucial for the dehydrogenative aminohalogenation under molecular oxygen (1 atm), and in such a case, the C–N bond coupling/electrophilic bromination reaction cascade is proposed. Furthermore, the different reaction media leads to a switched regioselectivity of the process

Copper-Catalyzed [4 + 1] Annulation between α‑Hydroxy Ketones and Nitriles: An Approach to Highly Substituted 3(2<i>H</i>)‑Furanones

A copper-catalyzed [4 + 1] annulation between α-hydroxy ketones and nitriles has been developed. The reaction provides a facile and efficient method for the construction of a wide range of highly substituted 3­(2<i>H</i>)-furanones, a class of important compounds known to be associated with several biological activities

Base-Promoted Formal [4 + 3] Annulation between 2<i>-</i>Fluoro­phenyl­acetylenes and Ketones: A Route to Benzoxepines

The first base-promoted formal [4 + 3] annulation between 2-fluorophenyl­acetylenes and ketones has been disclosed. The reaction proceeds through a tandem α-vinylation of ketones followed by an intramolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S_NAr) reaction of the <i>in situ</i> generated β,γ-unsaturated ketone intermediates, providing a straightforward access to a wide range of functionalized benzoxepines in moderate to high yields. The transition-metal-free methodology featured a wide substrate scope, the use of easily available starting materials, and a high functional group tolerance

Pd-Catalyzed Highly Regio- and Stereoselective Formation of C–C Double Bonds: An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Benzofuran‑, Dihydrobenzofuran‑, and Indoline-Containing Alkenes

A highly regio- and stereoselective C–C double bond formation reaction via Pd-catalyzed Heck-type cascade process with <i>N</i>-tosylhydrazones has been developed. Various <i>N</i>-tosylhydrazones derived from both ketones and aldehydes are found to be efficient substrates to provide di- and trisubstituted olefins with high regio- and stereoselectivity. Furthermore, this reaction has a good functional group tolerance and different benzofuran-, dihydrobenzofuran-, and indoline-containing alkene products were obtained with high selectivity

Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of 1<i>H</i>‑Indenes and Phthalimides via Isocyanide Insertion

A new and versatile multicomponent domino strategy has been developed for the synthesis of a series of 1<i>H</i>-indene and phthalimide derivatives from simple and readily available starting materials. This process operating under mild conditions shows a broad substrate scope with moderate to excellent yields