Foreign Is Not Unfamiliar. A Translation Impact Study Involving Taiwan Subjects

The research discussed in this paper is the last of a trilogy investigating the impact of foreignized and domesticated translations on sampled readers. The two precursors had been conducted in two Chinese Mainland cities (Beijing and Guangzhou) and this last one was conducted in the Taiwanese city of Douliou. Therefore, comparisons can be made with the two precursors in the discussion of the research procedure and findings of the Taiwan project. The paper begins with a brief introduction of the background in which the Taiwan project was conceived and a brief profile of the subjects sampled for the project. Then there is a description of the research design, including the hypotheses and field work methodology. Four hypotheses were tested: a) the subjects would have distinguishable ideas about the two renditions; b) they would have a more intense feeling of exoticism when reading the foreignized rendition; c) their degree of sensing the rendition to be exotic or not would be correlated with their other socio-linguistic perceptions of that text; d) the findings of the present investigation would corroborate those obtained from the two precursors. The description of the research design is followed by a presentation of the data analysis conducted for the project together with a statement of the conventions adopted for reading the statistics. Based on the data analysis, interpretations are made in relation to the hypotheses.Le présent article fait état des travaux issus du troisième volet d’une recherche portant sur les effets de traductions « étrangéisées » ou naturalisées, qui ont été observés chez un échantillon de lecteurs. Les deux premiers volets de cette recherche avaient été menés dans deux villes de Chine continentale (Beijing et Guangzhou), tandis que le troisième volet a été réalisé à Douliou, à Taiwan. Il est ainsi possible de comparer les résultats à ceux qui ont été obtenus antérieurement. L’article introduit brièvement le contexte du projet mené à Taiwan ainsi qu’un bref profil des sujets participants. Le plan de l’étude est ensuite présenté, y compris les hypothèses et la méthodologie de collecte des données. Quatre hypothèses ont été testées : a) les sujets distinguent clairement les deux modes de traduction ; b) ils éprouvent davantage un sentiment d’exotisme à la lecture de la version étrangéisée ; c) leur opinion quant au caractère exotique ou non de la traduction est corrélée aux autres caractéristiques sociolinguistiques perçues pour le texte ; d) les résultats de la présente étude corroborent ceux qui ont été obtenus dans le cadre des deux premiers volets. La description du plan de l’étude est suivie de la présentation de l’analyse des données, laquelle est accompagnée des conventions nécessaires à l’interprétation des calculs statistiques. L’interprétation des résultats au regard des hypothèses avancées se fonde sur cette analyse

Common Hermitian solutions to some operator equations on Hilber C∗-modules

AbstractWe establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the general common Hermitian solution to the equations A1X=C1,XB1=C2,A3XA3∗=C3,A4XA4∗=C4 for adjointable operators between Hilbert C∗-modules, and present an expression for the common Hermitian solution to the equations in terms of Moore–Penrose inverse of operators when the solvability conditions are satisfied. The findings of this paper extend some known results in the literature

Recent advances in nanoparticle formulation of oleanolic acid

Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural triterpenoid possessing anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiviral, hepatoprotective and antihyperlipidemic effects. Research on the pharmacological activities and clinical applications of OA has made significant progress in the past decade, particularly in the areas such as isolation and purification, chemical modifications, pharmacological research, toxicity studies and clinical use of OA. However, due to its poor aqueous solubility, instability and low bioavailability, OA's clinical applications are still rather limited. Recently, nanoparticulate drug delivery as the biological dimension of nanotechnology has been developed, which may help generate useful formulations of OA for clinical applications. Nanoparticulate drug delivery system enhances the dissolution rate and bioavailability of OA, providing a feasible formulation method for clinical applications

Collective synchronization induced by epidemic dynamics on complex networks with communities

Much recent empirical evidence shows that \textit{community structure} is ubiquitous in the real-world networks. In this Letter, we propose a growth model to create scale-free networks with the tunable strength (noted by $Q$) of community structure and investigate the influence of community strength upon the collective synchronization induced by SIRS epidemiological process. Global and local synchronizability of the system is studied by means of an order parameter and the relevant finite-size scaling analysis is provided. The numerical results show that, a phase transition occurs at $Q_c\simeq0.835$ from global synchronization to desynchronization and the local synchronization is weakened in a range of intermediately large $Q$. Moreover, we study the impact of mean degree $$ upon synchronization on scale-free networks.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. to appeared in Phys. Rev. E 75 (2007