5,883 research outputs found
Forage mixtures for dairy cows: the effect on dry matter intake and milk production in British Friesian dairy cows of incorporating different proportions of maize silage into diets based on grass silage of differing energy value
Pattern of skin disease in Ethiopian HIVâinfected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy: A crossâsectional study in a dermatology referral hospital
Abstract Background More than 90% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)âinfected patients will develop at least one type of skin disorder during the course of the disease. The prevalence and severity of skin disease commonly seen in HIVâinfected patients has decreased in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Few studies in Ethiopia have shown the magnitude of skin problems among adult patients on cART. The aim of this study is to describe the pattern of skin disease among adult patients who are on cART. Methods Crossâsectional observational study at ALERT Hospital from April 2018 to November 2018. Patterns of clinically diagnosed skin diseases were summarized descriptively. Result A total of 572 patients were evaluated. In total, 412 (72%) were female and the mean age of study participants was 40 (SDÂ =Â 10.4). The median CD4 count at the time of diagnosis and start of cART were 178 (R 5â2000) and 168 cells/ÎŒl (R 5â1327), respectively. The mean duration of cART was 8 (SDÂ =Â 3) years. 89.3% of patients were on first line and 7% on second line of cART regimen. Noninfectious inflammatory skin disorders (40.9%) were the most common concomitant diagnosis followed by infectious diseases (34.9%), infestation (7.7%), pigmentary disorders (6.3%) and cutaneous drug eruption (0.7%), respectively. Among the inflammatory skin disorders, 56.5% presented with eczema. One patient had Kaposi sarcoma. Conclusion Noninfectious inflammatory skin disorders are the most common concomitant skin disease in HIVâinfected patients, with eczema being most prevalent. Infectious skin diseases were also common presentations. In our study, AIDSâdefining skin conditions were rare
Property Modification of Edible Wheat, Gluten-Based Films
Procedures were developed to produce edible wheat, gluten-based films. A film was produced as a standard. Five additional films were then produced by modifying the initial film-forming solution. Modifications included changing the plasticizer, partially substituting wheat gluten with soy protein isolate and corn zein, and incorporating two acetylated monoglyceride products. All films were characterized by measuring selected mechanical properties, and permeabilities to water vapor and to oxygen. Comparison of the films, in terms of their measured properties, indicates ways to improve the overall performance of the standard film as a potential packaging material. A main limitation of all of the films was their poor water vapor barrier characteristics. On the other hand, they were very good oxygen barriers. All modified films were stronger than the standard in terms of tensile and bursting strength. The film containing soy protein was the strongest and the most uniform. Significant differences in measured properties were observed when the plasticizer was changed from glycerin to triethylene glycol
Planning research in the area of launch vehicle and propulsion programs Progress report, 1-31 Mar. 1968
Program and report reviews on launch vehicle upper stages and propulsion of advanced reentry spacecraf
An observational prospective study of topical acidified nitrite for killing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in contaminated wounds
Background Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) kills bacteria and other organisms as part of the innate immune response. When nitrite is exposed to low pH, NO is generated and has been used as an NO delivery system to treat skin infections. We demonstrated eradication of MRSA carriage from wounds using a topical formulation of citric acid (4.5%) and sodium nitrite (3%) creams co-applied for 5 days to 15 wounds in an observational prospective pilot study of 8 patients. Findings Following treatment with topical citric acid and sodium nitrite, 9 of 15 wounds (60%) and 3 of 8 patients (37%) were cleared of infection. MRSA isolates from these patients were all sensitive to acidified nitrite in vitro compared to methicillin-sensitive S. aureus and a reference strain of MRSA. Conclusions Nitric oxide and acidified nitrite offer a novel therapy for control of MRSA in wounds. Wounds that were not cleared of infection may have been re-contaminated or the bioavailability of acidified nitrite impaired by local factors in the tissue
Lattice dynamics and vibrational spectra of the orthorhombic, tetragonal and cubic phases of methylammonium lead iodide
The hybrid halide perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 exhibits a complex structural
behaviour, with successive transitions between orthorhombic, tetragonal and
cubic polymorphs at ca. 165 K and 327 K. Herein we report first-principles
lattice dynamics (phonon spectrum) for each phase of CH3NH3PbI3. The
equilibrium structures compare well to solutions of temperature-dependent
powder neutron diffraction. By following the normal modes we calculate infrared
and Raman intensities of the vibrations, and compare them to the measurement of
a single crystal where the Raman laser is controlled to avoid degradation of
the sample. Despite a clear separation in energy between low frequency modes
associated with the inorganic PbI3 network and high-frequency modes of the
organic CH3NH3+ cation, significant coupling between them is found, which
emphasises the interplay between molecular orientation and the corner-sharing
octahedral networks in the structural transformations. Soft modes are found at
the boundary of the Brillouin zone of the cubic phase, consistent with
displacive instabilities and anharmonicity involving tilting of the PbI6
octahedra around room temperature.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
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Selection for delayed flowering time in response to long photoperiod to increase vegetative growth and multiple harvests in spider plant (\u3cem\u3eCleome gynandra\u3c/em\u3e)
Interatomic-Coulombic-decay-induced recapture of photoelectrons in helium dimers
We investigate the onset of photoionization shakeup induced interatomic
Coulombic decay (ICD) in He2 at the He+*(n = 2) threshold by detecting two He+
ions in coincidence. We find this threshold to be shifted towards higher
energies compared to the same threshold in the monomer. The shifted onset of
ion pairs created by ICD is attributed to a recapture of the threshold
photoelectron after the emission of the faster ICD electron.Comment: 5 Pages, 2 Figure
Regulating Clothing Outwork: A Sceptic's View
By applying the strategies of international anti-sweatshop campaigns to the Australian context, recent regulations governing home-based clothing production hold retailers
responsible for policing the wages and employment conditions of clothing outworkers who manufacture clothing on their behalf. This paper argues that the new approach
oversimplifies the regulatory challenge by assuming (1) that Australian clothing production is organised in a hierarchical âbuyer-ledâ linear structure in which core
retail firms have the capacity to control their suppliersâ behaviour; (2) that firms act as unitary moral agents; and (3) that interventions imported from other times and places
are applicable to the contemporary Australian context. After considering some alternative regulatory approaches, the paper concludes that the new regulatory strategy effectively privatises responsibility for labour market conditions â a development that cries out for further debate
Vibrationally Resolved Decay Width of Interatomic Coulombic Decay in HeNe
We investigate the ionization of HeNe from below the He 1s3p excitation to
the He ionization threshold. We observe HeNe ions with an enhancement by
more than a factor of 60 when the He side couples resonantly to the radiation
field. These ions are an experimental proof of a two-center resonant
photoionization mechanism predicted by Najjari et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105,
153002 (2010)]. Furthermore, our data provide electronic and vibrational state
resolved decay widths of interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) in HeNe dimers. We
find that the ICD lifetime strongly increases with increasing vibrational
state.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
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