Evaluation of TGF-β1 and MCP-1 expression and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis and IgA nephropathy: A clinical correlation

OBJECTIVES: Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis and immunoglobulin A nephropathy are two diseases with similar clinical presentations but very different prognoses. Transforming growth factor β1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 have been associated with the development of tissue fibrosis. We examined the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis and its relationship with Transforming growth factor β1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in these patients. METHODS: Renal tissue samples were collected by renal biopsy from 50 children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis and 50 children with immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome-stained tissues were examined using light microscopy. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis was graded using the method described by Bohle et al. (1). The immunohistochemical detection of Transforming growth factor β1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression was correlated with the tubulointerstitial fibrosis grade. Clinical Trial registration number: ZJCH-2012-0105. RESULTS: Transforming growth factor β1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in the renal tissues was significantly greater in the patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy than in the patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (both

Evaluation of a new chemiluminescence immunoassay for diagnosis of syphilis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>To assess the sensitivity, specificity, and feasibility of a new chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) in the diagnosis of syphilis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>At first, a retrospective study was conducted, using 135 documented cases of syphilis and 30 potentially interfering samples and 80 normal sera. A prospective study was also performed by testing 2, 071 unselected samples for routine screening for syphilis. CLIA was compared with a nontreponemal test (TRUST) and a treponemal test (TPPA).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There was an agreement of 100% between CLIA and TPPA in the respective study. The percentage of agreement among the 245 sera tested was 100.0%. Compared with TPPA, the specificity of CLIA was 99.9% (1817/1819), the sensitivity of CLIA was 100.0% (244/244) in the prospective study. CLIA showed 99.5% agreement with TPPA by testing 2, 071 unselected samples. And CLIA seemed to be more sensitive than TPPA in detecting the samples of primary syphilis.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>CLIA is easy to perform and the indicator results are objective and unequivocal. It may be suitable for large-scale screening as a treponemal test substituted for TPPA.</p

Histological features of the gastric mucosa in children with primary bile reflux gastritis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Bile reflux is one of the primary factors involved in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal lesions in patients with chronic gastritis; however, little is known about the exact histological features of bile reflux and its contributions to gastric mucosal lesions in this disease, especially in children with primary bile reflux gastritis (BRG). The aim of this study was to investigate the classic histological changes of the gastric mucosa in children with primary BRG.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The Bilitec 2000 was used for 24 h monitoring of gastric bile in 59 children with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. The histological characteristics of the gastric mucosa were examined and scored.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Thirteen of the 59 patients had a helicobacter pylori infection and were excluded; therefore, 46 cases were included in this study. The positive rate of pathological duodenogastric reflux was significantly higher in patients with foveolar hyperplasia than those without foveolar hyperplasia; however, the rate was significantly lower in patients with vascular congestion than those without vascular congestion. The longest reflux time and the total percentage time of bile reflux were significantly lower in patients with vascular congestion than those without vascular congestion. A total of 9 types of histological changes were analyzed using a binary logistic regression. Foveolar hyperplasia and vascular congestion in the superficial layer became significant variables in the last step of the stepwise regression.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Foveolar hyperplasia was associated with the severity of bile reflux, suggesting that it is a histological feature of primary BRG in children, while vascular congestion may be a protective factor.</p

Clinical features and outcomes of diffuse endocapillary proliferation Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis in children

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the outcomes of childhood diffuse endocapillary proliferation Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (DEP-HSPN) in response to early diagnosis and prompt treatment. METHODS: Eleven cases of DEP-HSPN in children were investigated in comparison to HSPN without diffuse endocapillary proliferation (non-DEP-HSPN). RESULTS: DEP-HSPN had a higher prevalence of nephrotic syndrome but a lower prevalence of hematuria compared to non-DEP-HSPN. IgA, IgG and IgM antibody deposition was found in DEP-HSPN by histopathological examination. Proteinuria cleared in all 11 cases through treatment with steroids and/or immunosuppressive drugs. However, half of the DEP-HSPN patients continuously had hematuria after treatment. CONCLUSION: The early diagnosis and prompt initiation of immunosuppressive treatment based on renal biopsy are important for achieving favorable outcomes

Recurrent exercise-induced acute kidney injury by idiopathic renal hypouricemia with a novel mutation in the SLC2A9 gene and literature review

OBJETIVO: Comparar a sensibilidade do método de difusão em ágar e do método de extração utilizando as linhagens celulares RC-IAL (células fibroblásticas de rim de coelho) e HeLa (células epiteliais de carcinoma do colo do útero humano), na avaliação da citotoxicidade "in vitro" de materiais de uso médico-hospitalar. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram testadas 50 amostras escolhidas por sorteio, entre as já conhecidamente positivas e negativas e identificadas como: algodão, espuma, borracha, látex, celulose e acrílico. Além, das amostras citadas foram testadas experimentalmente várias concentrações de SDS (duodecil sulfato de sódio) nas culturas celulares RC-IAL e HeLa. RESULTADOS: Das 50 amostras testadas , 44 (88%) foram positivas para os dois métodos. Mas quando comparado o SDS nos dois métodos foram observados resultados positivos nas concentrações de 0,5 a 0,05 µg/ml no método de difusão em ágar e no método de extração somente foi observado efeito citotóxico até a concentração de 0,25 µg/ml. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados encontrados são similares aos observados por outros autores que testaram materiais como, por exemplo, ligas metálicas. Quando foi usado o SDS observou-se, nas duas linhagens celulares, diferenças favoráveis ao método de difusão em ágar em duas concentrações, isto é, a sensibilidade deste método foi significantemente maior, por inspecção, em relação ao método de extração, além de se constituir em método mais simples de ser realizado

Diketopiperazine alkaloids from a mangrove rhizosphere soil derived fungus Aspergillus effuses H1-1

K

Remote Attestation on Function Execution

Singapore Management Universit

Model-Driven Remote Attestation: Attesting Remote System from Behavioral Aspect

Ministry of Education, Singapore under its Academic Research Funding Tier 1, Singapore Management Universit

Presence of Segmented Filamentous Bacteria in Human Children and Its Potential Role in the Modulation of Human Gut Immunity

Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are commensal organisms that grow by anchoring a specialized holdfast structure to the intestinal walls of a variety of animals. Interaction of SFB with Peyer’s patches in mice promotes the post-natal maturation of the immune system. We previously reported that the colonization of SFB in humans mainly occurs by 36 months of age, and is difficult to be detected afterward. In this study, we measured the level of SFB in intestinal fluids of human children. SFB were found via qPCR to represent a small fraction of the whole SFB-positive microbiota (105 SFB in 1011 total bacteria). Bacteria with filamentous segmented morphology were observed in intestinal fluids via fluorescent in situ hybridization, and from gut biopsies via scanning electron microscopy. SFB-specific DNA and peptide fragments were also identified via multiple displacement amplification PCR and mass spectrometry. There was an overall positive correlation between the presence of SFB and the titer of total secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), which is more apparent in intestinal fluids of the age group of 8–36 months. Afterward there was a decline of SFB in numbers correlated with a reduction of total sIgA. RT-qPCR analysis of the terminal ileal biopsies revealed that the expression of Th17 pathway genes were induced in SFB-positive samples, while the markers of T and B cell receptor signaling pathways were also upregulated. Collectively, these data suggest that SFB is a rare member of microbiota, and may play an important role in the development of human gut immunity