336 research outputs found
The German-American Debate on Security and Strategy
During the nearly 40 years that have passed since the formation of the Atlantic alliance, telations between the United States and its European allies have withstood various crises and controversies. Fortunately, most of the differences of opinion have been short-lived, as reason and understanding generally have prevailed on both sides of the Atlantic
Perspectives of German Security Policy
There are critical voices questioning the viability of Nato strategy and in the same breath are demanding success in arms control
Der Raketenstreit wächst sich zu einer internationalen Krise aus
"Der Streit um die Entscheidung der USA, Abfangraketen und Radarsysteme in Polen und Tschechien zu stationieren, hat reichlich Potenzial, zu einer veritablen internationalen Krise auszuufern. Dieser Konflikt erfasst nicht allein die russisch-amerikanischen und die russisch-polnischen Beziehungen. Der DGAPstandpunkt Nr. 5 greift das Thema des vorangegangenen DGAPstandpunkts von Jan-Friedrich Kallmorgen und Andreas Beckmann auf und setzt die Debatte um das geplante Raketenabwehrsystem fort. Er berührt das Verhältnis der NATO zum wichtigsten Bündnispartner, den USA. Er wirft Probleme im Verhältnis von NATO und EU auf, soweit es um den langfristigen europäischen Anspruch geht, wie er in den Verträgen von Maastricht und Amsterdam festgelegt ist, eine eigene europäische Sicherheits- und Verteidigungspolitik zu entwickeln. Insbesondere aber droht die Gefahr, dass eine weitere Ausuferung des Streites nicht nur Veränderungen in den Beziehungen zwischen Europa und Russland, sondern auch schwerwiegende politische und wirtschaftliche Konsequenzen nach sich ziehen könnte, es sei denn, es gelingt, die sich weiterhin aufbauende, an Polemik zunehmende Eigendynamik des Raketenstreites aufzufangen. Nicht einig mit diesen Schlussfolgerungen ist Michael Rühle. In seiner Erwiderung wirft er Frank Elbe und Ulrich Weisser vor, auf dem Stand der Abrüstungsdiskussion der frühen achtziger Jahre stehen geblieben zu sein und allzu unkritisch die Argumente der russischen Regierung unter Präsident Putin zu übernehmen." (Autorenreferat
Novel Organism Verification and Analysis (NOVA) study: identification of 35 clinical isolates representing potentially novel bacterial taxa using a pipeline based on whole genome sequencing
BACKGROUND
Reliable species identification of cultured isolates is essential in clinical bacteriology. We established a new study algorithm named NOVA - Novel Organism Verification and Analysis to systematically analyze bacterial isolates that cannot be characterized by conventional identification procedures MALDI-TOF MS and partial 16 S rRNA gene sequencing using Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS).
RESULTS
We identified a total of 35 bacterial strains that represent potentially novel species. Corynebacterium sp. (n = 6) and Schaalia sp. (n = 5) were the predominant genera. Two strains each were identified within the genera Anaerococcus, Clostridium, Desulfovibrio, and Peptoniphilus, and one new species was detected within Citrobacter, Dermabacter, Helcococcus, Lancefieldella, Neisseria, Ochrobactrum (Brucella), Paenibacillus, Pantoea, Porphyromonas, Pseudoclavibacter, Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter, Pusillimonas, Rothia, Sneathia, and Tessaracoccus. Twenty-seven of 35 strains were isolated from deep tissue specimens or blood cultures. Seven out of 35 isolated strains identified were clinically relevant. In addition, 26 bacterial strains that could only be identified at the species level using WGS analysis, were mainly organisms that have been identified/classified very recently.
CONCLUSION
Our new algorithm proved to be a powerful tool for detection and identification of novel bacterial organisms. Publicly available clinical and genomic data may help to better understand their clinical and ecological role. Our identification of 35 novel strains, 7 of which appear to be clinically relevant, shows the wide range of undescribed pathogens yet to define
Enabling political legitimacy and conceptual integration for climate change adaptation research within an agricultural bureaucracy: a systemic inquiry
The value of using systems approaches, for situations framed as ‘super wicked’, is examined from the perspective of research managers and stakeholders in a state-based climate change adaptation (CCA) program (CliChAP). Polycentric drivers influencing the development of CCA research pre-2010 in Victoria, Australia are reflected on, using Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) to generate a boundary critique of CCA research as a human activity system. We experienced the complexity of purpose with research practices pulling in different directions, reflected on the appropriateness of agricultural bureaucracies’ historical new public management (NPM) practices, and focused on realigning management theory with emerging demands for adaptation research skills and capability. Our analysis conceptualised CliChAP as a subsystem, generating novelty in a wider system, concerned with socio-ecological co-evolution. Constraining/enabling conditions at the time dealing with political legitimacy and conceptual integration were observed as potential catalysts for innovation in research management towards better handling of uncertainty as a social process using systemic thinking in practice (StiP)
Physics case for an LHCb Upgrade II - Opportunities in flavour physics, and beyond, in the HL-LHC era
The LHCb Upgrade II will fully exploit the flavour-physics opportunities of the HL-LHC, and study additional physics topics that take advantage of the forward acceptance of the LHCb spectrometer. The LHCb Upgrade I will begin operation in 2020. Consolidation will occur, and modest enhancements of the Upgrade I detector will be installed, in Long Shutdown 3 of the LHC (2025) and these are discussed here. The main Upgrade II detector will be installed in long shutdown 4 of the LHC (2030) and will build on the strengths of the current LHCb experiment and the Upgrade I. It will operate at a luminosity up to 2×1034
cm−2s−1, ten times that of the Upgrade I detector. New detector components will improve the intrinsic performance of the experiment in certain key areas. An Expression Of Interest proposing Upgrade II was submitted in February 2017. The physics case for the Upgrade II is presented here in more depth. CP-violating phases will be measured with precisions unattainable at any other envisaged facility. The experiment will probe b → sl+l−and b → dl+l− transitions in both muon and electron decays in modes not accessible at Upgrade I. Minimal flavour violation will be tested with a precision measurement of the ratio of B(B0 → μ+μ−)/B(Bs → μ+μ−). Probing charm CP violation at the 10−5 level may result in its long sought discovery. Major advances in hadron spectroscopy will be possible, which will be powerful probes of low energy QCD. Upgrade II potentially will have the highest sensitivity of all the LHC experiments on the Higgs to charm-quark couplings. Generically, the new physics mass scale probed, for fixed couplings, will almost double compared with the pre-HL-LHC era; this extended reach for flavour physics is similar to that which would be achieved by the HE-LHC proposal for the energy frontier
LHCb upgrade software and computing : technical design report
This document reports the Research and Development activities that are carried out in the software and computing domains in view of the upgrade of the LHCb experiment. The implementation of a full software trigger implies major changes in the core software framework, in the event data model, and in the reconstruction algorithms. The increase of the data volumes for both real and simulated datasets requires a corresponding scaling of the distributed computing infrastructure. An implementation plan in both domains is presented, together with a risk assessment analysis
Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in -tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV
Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton
collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against
a boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and
transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 GeV and in the pseudorapidity range . The
data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy
of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb. Triple
differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum
fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also
measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent
fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the
measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into
the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any
supplementary material and additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb
public pages
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