Atomic and molecular supernovae

Atomic and molecular physics of supernovae is discussed with an emphasis on the importance of detailed treatments of the critical atomic and molecular processes with the best available atomic and molecular data. The observations of molecules in SN 1987A are interpreted through a combination of spectral and chemical modelings, leading to strong constraints on the mixing and nucleosynthesis of the supernova. The non-equilibrium chemistry is used to argue that carbon dust can form in the oxygen-rich clumps where the efficient molecular cooling makes the nucleation of dust grains possible. For Type Ia supernovae, the analyses of their nebular spectra lead to strong constraints on the supernova explosion models

The Performance of Biomimicry Architecture in Sustainable Design for a Mixed-Use Workplace in Shanghai (Sustainable Design)

Abstract Sustainable architecture design is becoming more and more popular all over the world, especially in China. Active sustainable strategies play an important role in sustainable architecture design such as solar panels, wind turbines, and roof gardens. However, this Thesis will find some new passive ways to improve the sustainability of buildings by proving bionic technology. The thesis seeks to integrate living organisms into buildings to improve the sustainability of buildings and generate sustainable resources. This main focus is biomimetics. The technology used in the design of architecture sustainability. Bionics or biomimicry refers to artificial processes or systems that mimic nature. The thesis will develop a program that is about how to interpret biomimicry language to architecture language and apply it to the design of a building to improve its performance. The thesis finally mainly use three biomimicry technology to design the building. They are respectively (1) a termite mound structure to advance ventilation of the building, (2)algae to clean carbon dioxide, and (3) a three-leaf clover floor plan layout and building form. to create more fresh energy for the building. In addition, the thesis aims to use more biomimicry solutions to overcome those problems from site analysis

Structural Seismic Input Model on the Condition of Slope Site

The viscoelastic artificial boundary model is widely used in the field of earthquake resistance analysis of water conservancy projects and nuclear power stations. However, for the analysis of soil-structure dynamic interaction on the sloping site, some problems will arise while using that method. The large size difference of side facades on the outer boundary will cause inconsistent horizontal seismic forces, which may lead to the divergent results or the drift of displacement. In this chapter, based on the basic formula of dynamic interaction and seismic input mechanism, a virtual symmetrical substructure system is built to solve those problems, which not only satisfies the consistence of the whole seismic input on the outer boundary but also simulates the seismic wave propagation. Finally, the accuracy and the stability of the new method are verified through numerical examples on the sloping site

The Ultraviolet Spectrum of the Jovian Dayglow

The ultraviolet spectra of molecular hydrogen H2 and HD due to solar fluorescence and photoelectron excitation are calculated and compared with the Jovian equatorial dayglow spectrum measured at 3 A resolution at solar maximum. The dayglow emission is accounted for in both brightness and spectral shape by the solar fluorescence and photoelectron excitation and requires no additional energy source. The emission is characterized by an atmospheric temperature of 530 K and an H2 column density of 10(exp 20) cm(exp -2). The dayglow spectrum contains a cascade contribution to the Lyman band emission from high-lying E and F states. Its relative weakness at short wavelengths is due to both self-absorption by H2 and absorption by CH4. Strong wavelength coincidences of solar emission lines and absorption lines of H2 and HD produce unique line spectra which can be identified in the dayglow spectrum. The strongest fluorescence is due to absorption of the solar Lyman-beta line at 1025.72 A by the P(1) line of the (6, 0) Lyman band of H2 at 1025.93 A. The fluorescence lines due to absorption of the solar O 6 line at 1031.91 A by vibrationally excited H2 via the Q(3) line of the (1, 1) Werner band at 1031.86 A are identified. The fluorescence lines provide a sensitive measure of the atmospheric temperature. There occurs an exact coincidence of the solar O 6 line at 1031.91 A and the R(0) line of the (6, 0) Lyman band of HD at 1031-91 A, but HD on Jupiter is difficult to detect due to the dominance of the H2 emission where the HD emission is particularly strong. Higher spectral resolution and higher sensitivity may make possible such a detection. The high resolution (0.3 A) spectra of H2 and HD are presented to stimulate search for the HD on Jupiter with the Hubble Space Telescope

A Case Study on Optimization of Building Design Based on CFD Simulation Technology of Wind Environment

AbstractFor green buildings, the building technology needs to fit the climatic characteristics to adjust to the existing conditions and create a more livable environment. CFD is a combination of modern fluid dynamics, numerical mathematics and computer science. It is employed in green building design to offer the architect an important basis for optimizing the architectural design. The Paper takes a case study to show the research on application of CFD simulation technology of wind environment in optimizing architectural design, gives some ideas to architects in green building design optimization

Research on the psychologically restorative effects of campus common spaces from the perspective of health

Contemporary college students are suffering from increasingly serious psychological health problems, such as attention fatigue, psychological stress and negative emotions. A growing body of evidence has revealed that restorative environment design is conducive to psychological health. As the main choice of venue for students’ daily activities, campus common spaces are supposed to be restorative to some extent. Given the above, the author studied 22 common spaces in the South China University of Technology (SCUT) Wushan Campus from the perspective of college students’ behavioral patterns based on theories pertaining to restorative environments, then constructed a structural equation model (SEM) analyzing the psychologically restorative effects exerted by the characteristics of campus common spaces upon college students through a scale design and questionnaire survey. With the analysis of 478 valid questionnaires, the research found that the characteristics of campus common spaces with psychologically restorative effects mainly comprise the architectural environment, landscape environment, rest facilities and activity facilities. Among them, the characteristics of activity facilities and the landscape environment have the greatest impact on psychologically restorative effects, accounting for 33 and 30% of the total effects, respectively; they are followed by those of the architectural environment, which accounts for 21% of the total effects; those of the rest facilities have the least impact, accounting for 16% of the total effects. The research also found that the characteristics of campus common spaces can both directly influence college students’ psychological recovery and produce psychologically restorative effects mediated by college students’ behavioral patterns. The mediation effect of college students’ behavioral patterns accounts for approximately 41% of the total effect of psychological restoration, in which the psychologically restorative effect of dynamic exercise behaviors is 2.5 times that of static leisure behaviors. The research reveals how the characteristics of campus common spaces promote the psychological restoration of college students, and it provides inspiration for healthy environment design in campus common spaces

Production Behavior of Fractured Horizontal Well in Closed Rectangular Shale Gas Reservoirs

This paper established a triple porosity physical model in rectangular closed reservoirs to understand the complex fluid flowing mechanism and production behavior of multifractured horizontal wells in shale gas reservoirs, which is more appropriate for practical situation compared with previous ones. According to the seepage theory considering adsorption and desorption process in stable state, the gas production rate of a well producing at constant wellbore pressure was obtained by utilizing the methods of Green’s and source function theory and superposition principle. Meanwhile, the volume of adsorbed gas (GL) and the number of hydraulic fractures (M) as well as permeabilities of matrix system (km) and microfractures (kf) were discussed in this paper as sensitive factors, which have significant influences on the production behavior of the wells. The bigger the value of GL is, the larger the well production rate will be in the later flowing periods, and the differences of production rate with the increasing of M are small, which manifest that there is an optimum M for a given field. Therefore, the study in this paper is of significant importance to understand the dynamic production declining performance in shale gas reservoirs