Persoalan Pewarisan Kuasa Menurut al-Quran: Analisis Politik Dunia Islam Hari Ini

Tulisan ini cuba untuk meninjau keadaan politik dunia Islam hari ini yang dilihat berada dalam keadaan yang lemah berbanding saingan mereka iaitu barat (bukan Islam) dan sekutunya. Untuk itu, tulisan ini akan meneliti nas berkaitan dengan pewarisan kuasa (warathat al-ard) dengan menjadikan ayat 105, surah alAnbiya’ sebagai asas kepada penelitian tersebut. Seterusnya keadaan semasa politik Islam ini akan dianalisis berdasarkan nas di atas beserta beberapa nas yang lain. Di akhir tulisan ini, penulis akan cuba mengemukakan perkara yang diperlukan oleh dunia Islam hari ini sepertimana yang dianjurkan oleh nas berkenaan pewarisan kuasa ini. Akhirnya diharapkan tulisan ini dapat memberikan panduan kepada umat Islam khususnya di Malaysia dalam mendepani cabaran politik dunia hari ini

Endogenous estimation results: The influence of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on manufacturing industry total factor productivity.

Endogenous estimation results: The influence of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on manufacturing industry total factor productivity.</p

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ObjectivesThe improvement of the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity depends not only on innovation factor double circulation, but also on cross-border mobility to a large extent.MethodologyThis paper constructs a model that demonstrates the impact of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity, and it seeks to estimate this impact by using panel data from China’s manufacturing industry taken from the period 2009–2020.FindingsIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ConclusionIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity. Cross-border flow improves the marginal efficiency of innovation factors, realizes the spatial agglomeration of high-end innovation factors and greatly promotes the double circulation of innovation factors in a way that effectively improves the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ImplicationsThese conclusions have profound policy implications: cross-border flows can promote the incremental adjustment of innovation factors; fully release the development potential and toughness of the dual circulation of innovation factors; and are essentially conducive to improving the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.</div

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ObjectivesThe improvement of the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity depends not only on innovation factor double circulation, but also on cross-border mobility to a large extent.MethodologyThis paper constructs a model that demonstrates the impact of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity, and it seeks to estimate this impact by using panel data from China’s manufacturing industry taken from the period 2009–2020.FindingsIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ConclusionIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity. Cross-border flow improves the marginal efficiency of innovation factors, realizes the spatial agglomeration of high-end innovation factors and greatly promotes the double circulation of innovation factors in a way that effectively improves the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ImplicationsThese conclusions have profound policy implications: cross-border flows can promote the incremental adjustment of innovation factors; fully release the development potential and toughness of the dual circulation of innovation factors; and are essentially conducive to improving the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.</div

Basic estimation results: The influence of the double circulation and cross-border flow of innovation factors on the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.

Basic estimation results: The influence of the double circulation and cross-border flow of innovation factors on the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.</p

Robustness estimation results: The influence of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on the productivity of new manufacturing products.

Robustness estimation results: The influence of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on the productivity of new manufacturing products.</p

Main variable descriptive statistics.

ObjectivesThe improvement of the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity depends not only on innovation factor double circulation, but also on cross-border mobility to a large extent.MethodologyThis paper constructs a model that demonstrates the impact of innovation factor double circulation and cross-border flow on the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity, and it seeks to estimate this impact by using panel data from China’s manufacturing industry taken from the period 2009–2020.FindingsIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ConclusionIt finds the path dependence of innovation factors significantly increased their double circulation cost, and did not significantly improve the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity. Cross-border flow improves the marginal efficiency of innovation factors, realizes the spatial agglomeration of high-end innovation factors and greatly promotes the double circulation of innovation factors in a way that effectively improves the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.ImplicationsThese conclusions have profound policy implications: cross-border flows can promote the incremental adjustment of innovation factors; fully release the development potential and toughness of the dual circulation of innovation factors; and are essentially conducive to improving the manufacturing industry’s total factor productivity.</div

Investigation of arc repressor DNA-binding specificity by comparative molecular dynamics simulations

<div><p>Transcription factors regulate gene expression through binding to specific DNA sequences. How transcription factors achieve high binding specificity is still not well understood. In this paper, we investigated the role of protein flexibility in protein–DNA-binding specificity by comparative molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Protein flexibility has been considered as a key factor in molecular recognition, which is intrinsically a dynamic process involving fine structural fitting between binding components. In this study, we performed comparative MD simulations on wild-type and F10V mutant P22 Arc repressor in both free and complex conformations. The F10V mutant has lower DNA-binding specificity though both the bound and unbound main-chain structures between the wild-type and F10V mutant Arc are highly similar. We found that the DNA-binding motif of wild-type Arc is structurally more flexible than the F10V mutant in the unbound state, especially for the six DNA base-contacting residues in each dimer. We demonstrated that the flexible side chains of wild-type Arc lead to a higher DNA-binding specificity through forming more hydrogen bonds with DNA bases upon binding. Our simulations also showed a possible conformational selection mechanism for Arc-DNA binding. These results indicate the important roles of protein flexibility and dynamic properties in protein–DNA-binding specificity.</p></div

Bestrophin 3 Ameliorates TNFα-Induced Inflammation by Inhibiting NF-κB Activation in Endothelial Cells

<div><p>Increasing evidences have suggested vascular endothelial inflammatory processes are the initiator of atherosclerosis. Bestrophin 3 (Best-3) is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of a variety of physiological functions, but its function in cardiovascular system remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of Best-3 on endothelial inflammation. We first demonstrated that Best-3 is expressed in endothelial cells and decreased after tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) challenge. Overexpression of Best-3 significantly attenuated TNFα-induced expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines, and subsequently inhibited the adhesion of monocytes to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Conversely, knockdown of Best-3 with siRNA resulted in an enhancement on TNFα-induced expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines and adhesion of monocytes to HUVECs. Furthermore, overexpression of Best-3 with adenovirus dramatically ameliorated inflammatory response in TNFα-injected mice. Mechanistically, we found up-regulation of Best-3 inhibited TNFα-induced IKKβ and IκBα phosphorylation, IκBα degradation and NF-κB translocation. Our results demonstrated that Best-3 is an endogenous inhibitor of NF-κB signaling pathway in endothelial cells, suggesting that forced Best-3 expression may be a novel approach for the treatment of vascular inflammatory diseases.</p></div

Best-3 ameliorated TNFα-induced inflammatory response in endothelial cells.

<p>(<b>A, B</b>) HUVECs were transfected with Lacz or Ad-Best-3 for 48 h prior to TNFα treatment for 24 h. ICAM-1 (A) and VCAM-1 (B) were examined by western blot, respectively. (<b>C</b>) after treatment mentioned in (A, B), adhesion of VibrantDiO-labeled THP-1 to HUVECs were analyzed. (<b>D, E</b>) HUVECs were transfected with negative siRNA (Neg. RNA) or Best-3 siRNA for 48 h prior to TNFα incubation. ICAM-1 (D) and VCAM-1 (E) were detected by western blot, respectively. (<b>F</b>) after treatment mentioned in (D, E), adhesion of THP-1 to HUVECs was analyzed. (<b>G, H</b>) western blot detection of ICAM-1 (G) and VCAM-1 (H) expressions in MAECs isolated form mice after treatment mentioned in method section. (<b>I</b>) adhesion of THP-1 to MAECs was analyzed. All data are presented as mean ± SEM. **P<0.01 vs. control, ^#P<0.05, ^##P<0.01 vs. TNFα alone, n = 6.</p