Extending an Open-Source Federated Identity Management System for Enhanced HPC Security

Strengthening the security infrastructure around HPC systems has become an urgent and important task, driven especially by the impact of a recent large-scale attack on the world-wide HPC community by a yet unknown party. Multiple European HPC systems had to be shut down for several weeks in mid-May of 2020 after backdoors were found on the systems. In the aftermath of the attack, two core security issues were identified: the absence of strong authentication, and a wide-spread practice of insecure handling of SSH key pairs. We present our approach for extending an existing, open source, federated identity management system with user-friendly two-factor authentication (2FA) using Time-Based One-Time Password (TOTP) and centralized, secure SSH key management. A special focus will be put on how we integrated scientific workflows and automation with the new security measures by combining 2FA, SSH key management and security policies in an elegant, secure and user-friendly way

Zur regionalen Konzentration von Innovationspotentialen in Deutschland : Studie im Auftrag des BMBF

Wo liegen Deutschlands regionale und sektorale Innovationsschwerpunkte

ICONE 14-89120 BUOYANCY DRIVEN COOLANT MIXING STUDIES OF NATURAL CIRCULATION FLOWS AT THE ROCOM TEST FACILITY USING ANSYS CFX

ABSTRACT Coolant mixing in the cold leg, downcomer and the lower plenum of pressurized water reactors is an important phenomenon mitigating the reactivity insertion into the core. Therefore, mixing of the de-borated slugs with the ambient coolant in the reactor pressure vessel was investigated at the four loop 1:5 scaled ROCOM mixing test facility. Thermal hydraulics analyses showed, that weakly borated condensate can accumulate in particular in the pump loop seal of those loops, which do not receive safety injection. After refilling of the primary circuit, natural circulation in the stagnant loops can re-establish simultaneously and the de-borated slugs are shifted towards the reactor pressure vessel (RPV). In the ROCOM experiments, the length of the flow ramp and the initial density difference between the slugs and the ambient coolant was varied. From the test matrix experiments with 0 resp. 2% density difference between the de-borated slugs and the ambient coolant were used to validate the CFD software ANSYS CFX. To model the effects of turbulence on the mean flow a higher order Reynolds stress turbulence model was employed and a mesh consisting of 6.4 million hybrid elements was utilized. Only the experiments and CFD calculations with modeled density differences show a stratification in the downcomer. Depending on the degree of density differences the less dense slugs flow around the core barrel at the top of the downcomer. At the opposite side the lower borated coolant is entrained by the colder safety injection water and transported to the core. The validation proves that ANSYS CFX is able to simulate appropriately the flow field and mixing effects of coolant with different densities

LGG-11. Analysis of neurosurgical complications in pediatric supratentorial midline low-grade glioma – results from the German LGG [Abstract]

OBJECTIVE: Around 80% of all pediatric low-grade glioma (LGG) patients undergo at least one tumor surgery. Interventions in the supratentorial midline (SML) are particularly challenging due to the proximity of eloquent areas, yet associated complications are scarcely reported. We investigated the frequency of neurosurgical complications and related impairments and aimed at identifying risk factors for their appearance related to patient characteristics or the procedure. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Records were retrospectively analyzed from 321 patients with SML-LGG from the successive multicenter German LGG studies, who underwent neurosurgery at 63 hospitals between May 12th,1998 and June 27th, 2020. RESULTS: 543 operations (235 resections, 168 biopsies, 140 non-tumor interventions) were performed on 321 patients (54% male, median age 9 years, 11% NF1 positive, 43% visual pathway glioma). Surgical mortality rate was 0,93% (n=3). Applying the Drake classification postoperative surgical morbidity was observed in 259 cases (47,7%), medical morbidity in 103 cases (19%). 30-day persistence rate of newly developed neurological deficits was 44,8% (65/165 cases); neuroendocrine impairment affected 57 patients (17,8%), visual deterioration 34 (10,6%). Complications/impairments following resections were associated with patient age below 3 years at operation, tumor volume above 80 cm(3), presence of hydrocephalus prior to surgery, complete resection, intervention in centers with fewer reported resections and surgery performed between 1998-2006 by univariate analysis. In contrast, the neurosurgical approach, tumor location, NF1 status as well as previous antineoplastic treatment were not associated with the frequency of complications. Regarding biopsies, open biopsies showed significantly more surgery-associated complications/impairments compared with stereotactic procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Neurosurgery-associated complications and impairments were frequent in pediatric patients with supratentorial midline LGG undergoing open surgery in the German LGG-studies. We identified six patient- and institution-associated factors that may increase the risk for surgical complications. Skills at the treating center and extent of resection should be considered appropriately prior to intervention

Zur regionalen Konzentration von Innovationspotentialen in Deutschland: Studie im Auftrag des BMBF

Wo liegen Deutschlands regionale und sektorale Innovationsschwerpunkte? Innovative regionale Kompetenzzentren zeichnen sich vor allem dadurch aus, daß die ansässigen Unternehmen intensiv auf Hochschulabsolventen zurückgreifen, viele Naturwissenschaftler und Ingenieure beschäftigen und Forschung und experimentelle Entwicklung in hohem Maße durchführen. Die Spitzengruppe aus acht Regionen ist vorwiegend in Süd- bzw. Südwestdeutschland aber auch in den großen norddeutschen Städten lokalisiert: Hamburg, Bremen, Untermain, Ludwigshafen, Mannheim/Heidelberg, Stuttgart, Nürnberg/ Erlangen und München. Mit leichtem Abstand lassen sich neun weitere Regionen mit hohem industriellen FuE-Potential und hoher Dienstleistungskompetenz identifizieren, ebenfalls vorwiegend im west- und süddeutschen Raum (Mülheim-Oberhausen, Essen, Düsseldorf, Köln, Wiesbaden, Darmstadt, Bodensee-Oberschwaben, Ulm, Berlin und Dresden). Insbesondere Dresden erweist sich in diesem Sinne als das regionale Kompetenzzentrum in den neuen Bundesländern. … --

Einmal begeistert, immer begeistert? Eine Experience-Sampling-Studie zur wahrgenommenen Unterrichtsqualität und Motivation von Schülerinnen und Schülern im Kunstunterricht

Zahlreiche Studien in der quantitativ-empirischen Unterrichtsforschung folgen zwar theoretisch der Angebots-Nutzungskonzeption unterrichtlicher Wirkungen, basieren jedoch auf retrospektiv erhobenen Unterrichtswahrnehmungen oder Beobachtungsdaten und können daher wenig Aussagen über das subjektive Erleben von Lernenden während des Unterrichts machen. Befunde zur intraindividuellen Varianz von wahrgenommener Unterrichtsqualität und Motivation im Unterricht sowie zu intraindividuellen Zusammenhängen würden helfen, unterrichtliche Wirkungen unter Angebots-Nutzungsperspektive noch besser zu verstehen. Dieses Desiderat aufgreifend wurden in vorliegender Studie Lernende mittels Experience-Sampling Methode zu mehreren Zeitpunkten im Verlauf zweier Doppelstunden Kunstunterricht zu ihrer Unterrichtsqualitätswahrnehmung und Motivation befragt. Darüber hinaus wurde die Erfüllung der Bedürfnisse nach Kompetenz und Autonomie als Indikatoren für die individuelle Nutzung des Angebots als potenzielle Mediatorvariablen erfragt. Auf Basis einer Stichprobe von 222 Lernenden aus 9 Klassen der 9. Jahrgangsstufe des Gymnasiums und der Integrierten Gesamtschule zeigten sich folgende Ergebnisse: 1) Der größte Teil der Varianz in den Einschätzungen aller Konstrukte der Lernenden lag zwischen den Zeitpunkten, gefolgt von der Varianz zwischen den Personen; zwischen den Klassen variierten die Einschätzungen kaum. 2) Es konnten charakteristische Verlaufsformen einiger erhobener Einschätzungen über die beiden Doppelstunden ermittelt werden. 3) Vor allem auf intraindividueller Ebene wurden neben direkten Effekten der Unterrichtswahrnehmungen auf die selbstbestimmte Motivation auch indirekte über die wahrgenommene Autonomieunterstützung sichtbar. Die Ergebnisse helfen zu verstehen, wie wahrgenommene Unterrichtsqualität, individuelle Nutzung (Erfüllung des Bedürfnisses nach Autonomie) und selbstbestimmte Motivation im Unterrichtsverlauf zusammenspielen und es wird diskutiert, welche weiterführenden Studien folgen sollten. (DIPF/Orig.)Numerous studies in quantitative-empirical classroom research theoretically follow the supply-use conception of instructional effects, but they are based on retrospectively assessed classroom perceptions or observational data and can therefore make few statements about the subjective experience of learners during instruction. Findings on intraindividual variances of classroom perceptions and motivation as well as on intraindividual relationships would help to better understand instructional effects from a supply-use perspective. In the present study, teaching perceptions and motivation were surveyed at several points in time in the course of two double lessons of art instruction using the experience-sampling method. Additionally, satisfaction of the needs for competence and autonomy were assessed as indicators for the individual use of the supplied instruction and potential mediator variable. Based on a sample of 222 learners from 9 classes of the 9th grade of the \u27Gymnasium\u27 and the \u27Integrierte Gesamtschule\u27, the following results emerged: 1) Most of the variance in the learners\u27 estimations was found between time points (within-level), followed by the variance between individuals (between-level); between classes, the assessments hardly varied (class level). 2) Characteristic courses of some elicited constructs across the two double lessons could be identified. 3) Particularly at the intraindividual level, indirect effects via perceived autonomy support became apparent in addition to direct effects of instructional perceptions on self-determined motivation. The results help to understand how perceptions of instructional quality, satisfaction of the need for autonomy (as indicator for the individual use of the supplied instruction) and self-determined motivation look like in the course of a double lesson and it is discussed which further studies should follow. (DIPF/Orig.

The Molecular Ridge Close to 30 Doradus in the Large Magellanic Cloud

With the ATNF Mopra telescope we are performing a survey in the 12CO(1-0) line to map the molecular gas in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). For some regions we also obtained interferometric maps of the high density gas tracers HCO+ and HCN with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). Here we discuss the properties of the elongated molecular complex that stretches about 2 kpc southward from 30 Doradus. Our data suggests that the complex, which we refer to as the ``molecular ridge,'' is not a coherent feature but consists of many smaller clumps that share the same formation history. Likely molecular cloud formation triggers are shocks and shearing forces that are present in the surrounding south-eastern HI overdensity region, a region influenced by strong ram pressure and tidal forces. The molecular ridge is at the western edge of the the overdensity region where a bifurcated velocity structure transitions into a single disk velocity component. We find that the 12CO(1-0) and HI emission peaks in the molecular ridge are typically near each other but never coincide. A likely explanation is the conversion of warmer, low-opacity HI to colder, high-opacity HI from which H2 subsequently forms. On smaller scales, we find that very dense molecular gas, as traced by interferometric HCO+ and HCN maps, is associated with star formation along shocked filaments and with rims of expanding shell-like structures, both created by feedback from massive stars.Comment: accepted for publication in the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australi

Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction – Eine Methode zur Bestimmung von volatilen Inhaltsstoffe der Kartoffelpflanzen?

Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction – A method for detection of volatiles from potato plants?ZusammenfassungDie Anwendung der Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction (SBSE) als Methode zur Extraktion von emittierten volatilen Substanzen von Kartoffelblättern für die Bestimmung mittels GC/MS wird untersucht. Es soll eine effiziente Methode entwickelt werden, die zur Darstellung von sortenbedingten Unterschieden im Spektrum der volatilen Substanzen bei Kartoffelpflanzen geeignet ist. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass SBSE Nachweise gestattet, die bei geringeremAufwand mit bekannten Methoden vergleichbar sind. Weitere Untersuchungen dienen der Optimierung der Methodik. Ziel ist es, das Spektrum der volatilen Stoffe als Parameter für eine Bewertung von Sorten (z.B.: Pflanzengesundheit, Pflanzenschutz, Biosicherheit) heranzuziehen.Stichwörter: Sesquiterpene, GC/MS, KartoffelAbstractThe application of Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction (SBSE) as a method for extraction of emitted volatile compounds of potato leaves using GC/MS will be studied. A suitable efficient method shall be developed to describe differences in the spectrum of volatile compounds of potato varieties. It was shown that SBSE yields results similar to other established methods but withless effort. The method will be optimised further. The use of the spectrum of volatile compounds as a parameter for variety assessment (e.g.: plant  health, plant protection, biosafety) is planned.Keywords: sesquiterpene, GC/MS, potat

Neurosurgical morbidity in pediatric supratentorial midline low‐grade glioma: results from the German LGG studies

Surgical resection is a mainstay of treatment for pediatric low-grade glioma (LGG) within all current therapy algorithms, yet associated morbidity is scarcely reported. As supratentorial midline (SML) interventions are particularly challenging, we investigated the frequency of neurosurgical complications/new impairments aiming to identify their risk factors. Records were retrospectively analyzed from 318 patients with SML-LGG from successive German multicenter LGG studies, undergoing surgery between May 1998 and June 2020. Exactly 537 operations (230 resections, 167 biopsies, 140 nontumor procedures) were performed in 318 patients (54% male, median age: 7.6 years at diagnosis, 9.5 years at operation, 11% NF1, 42.5% optic pathway glioma). Surgical mortality rate was 0.93%. Applying the Drake classification, postoperative surgical morbidity was observed following 254/537 (47.3%) and medical morbidity following 97/537 (18.1%) patients with a 40.1% 30-day persistence rate for newly developed neurological deficits (65/162). Neuroendocrine impairment affected 53/318 patients (16.7%), visual deterioration 34/318 (10.7%). Postsurgical morbidity was associated with patient age <3 years at operation, tumor volume ≥80 cm3, presence of hydrocephalus, complete resection, surgery in centers with less than median reported tumor-related procedures and during the earlier study period between 1998 and 2006, while the neurosurgical approach, tumor location, NF1 status or previous nonsurgical treatment were not. Neurosurgery-associated morbidity was frequent in pediatric patients with SML-LGG undergoing surgery in the German LGG-studies. We identified patient- and institution-associated factors that may increase the risk for complications. We advocate that local multidisciplinary teams consider the planned extent of resection and surgical skills