Exploiting Pseudo Future Contexts for Emotion Recognition in Conversations

With the extensive accumulation of conversational data on the Internet, emotion recognition in conversations (ERC) has received increasing attention. Previous efforts of this task mainly focus on leveraging contextual and speaker-specific features, or integrating heterogeneous external commonsense knowledge. Among them, some heavily rely on future contexts, which, however, are not always available in real-life scenarios. This fact inspires us to generate pseudo future contexts to improve ERC. Specifically, for an utterance, we generate its future context with pre-trained language models, potentially containing extra beneficial knowledge in a conversational form homogeneous with the historical ones. These characteristics make pseudo future contexts easily fused with historical contexts and historical speaker-specific contexts, yielding a conceptually simple framework systematically integrating multi-contexts. Experimental results on four ERC datasets demonstrate our method's superiority. Further in-depth analyses reveal that pseudo future contexts can rival real ones to some extent, especially in relatively context-independent conversations.Comment: 15 pages, accepted by ADMA 202

Time-frequency analysis framework for understanding non-stationary and multi-scale characteristics of sea-level dynamics

Rising sea level caused by global climate change may increase extreme sea level events, flood low-lying coastal areas, change the ecological and hydrological environment of coastal areas, and bring severe challenges to the survival and development of coastal cities. Hong Kong is a typical economically and socially developed coastal area. However, in such an important coastal city, the mechanisms of local sea-level dynamics and their relationship with climate teleconnections are not well explained. In this paper, Hong Kong tide gauge data spanning 68 years was documented to study the historical sea-level dynamics. Through the analysis framework based on Wavelet Transform and Hilbert Huang Transform, non-stationary and multi-scale features in sea-level dynamics in Hong Kong are revealed. The results show that the relative sea level (RSL) in Hong Kong has experienced roughly 2.5 cycles of high-to-low sea-level transition in the past half-century. The periodic amplitude variation of tides is related to Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). RSL rise and fall in eastern Hong Kong often occur in La Niña and El Niño years, respectively. The response of RSL to the PDO and ENSO displays a time lag and spatial heterogeneity in Hong Kong. Hong Kong's eastern coastal waters are more strongly affected by the Pacific climate and current systems than the west. This study dissects the non-stationary and multi-scale characteristics of relative sea-level change and helps to better understand the response of RSL to the global climate system

Clinical profile of Parkinson's disease in the Gumei community of Minhang district, Shanghai

OBJECTIVE: We examined the demographic and clinical profiles of Parkinson's disease in Shanghai, China, to assist in disease management and provide comparative data on Parkinson's disease prevalence, phenotype, and progression among different regions and ethnic groups. METHODS: A door-to-door survey and follow-up clinical examinations identified 180 community-dwelling Han-Chinese Parkinson's disease patients (104 males, 76 females). RESULTS: The average age at onset was 65.16±9.60 years. The most common initial symptom was tremor (112 patients, 62.22%), followed by rigidity (38, 21.11%), bradykinesia (28, 15.56%) and tremor plus rigidity (2, 1.11%). Tremor as the initial symptom usually began in a single limb (83.04% of patients). The average duration from onset to mild Parkinson's disease (Hoehn-Yahr phase 1-2) was 52.74±45.64 months. Progression from mild to moderate/severe Parkinson's disease (phase≥3) was significantly slower (87.07±58.72 months;

Detecting Snowfall Events over Mountainous Areas Using Optical Imagery

Snowfall over mountainous areas not only has important implications on the water cycle and the Earth’s radiation balance, but also causes potentially hazardous weather. However, snowfall detection remains one of the most difficult problems in modern hydrometeorology. We present a method for detecting snowfall events from optical satellite data for seasonal snow in mountainous areas. The proposed methodology is based on identifying expanded snow cover or suddenly declined snow grain size using time series images, from which it is possible to detect the location and time of snowfall events. The methodology was tested with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) daily radiance data for an entire hydrologic year from July 2014 to June 2015 in the mountainous area of the Manas River Basin, Northwest China. The study evaluated the recordings of precipitation events at eighteen meteorological stations in the study area prove the effectiveness of the proposed method, showing that there was more liquid precipitation in the second and third quarter, and more solid precipitation in the first and fourth quarter

Effects of School-Based Interventions on Reducing Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption among Chinese Children and Adolescents

We set up a series of school-based interventions on the basis of an ecological model targeting sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) reduction in Chinese elementary and middle schools and evaluated the effects. A total of 1046 students from Chinese elementary and middle schools were randomly recruited in an intervention group, as were 1156 counterparts in a control group. The interventions were conducted in the intervention schools for one year. The participants were orally instructed to answer all the questionnaires by themselves at baseline and after intervention. The difference in difference statistical approach was used to identify the effects exclusively attributable to the interventions. There were differences in grade composition and no difference in sex distribution between the intervention and control groups. After adjusting for age, sex, and group differences at baseline, a significant reduction in SSB intake was found in the intervention group post intervention, with a decrease of 35.0 mL/day (p = 0.034). Additionally, the frequency of SSB consumption decreased by 0.2 times/day (p = 0.071). The students in the elementary schools with interventions significantly reduced their SSB intake by 61.6 mL/day (p = 0.002) and their frequency of SSB consumption by 0.3 times/day (p = 0.017) after the intervention. The boys in the intervention group had an intervention effect of a 50.2 mL/day reduction in their SSB intake (p = 0.036). School-based interventions were effective in reducing SSB consumption, especially among younger ones. The boys were more responsive to the interventions than the girls. (ChiCTR, ChiCTR1900020781.

Prevalence and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of the Molecular Subtypes in Malignant Glioma: A Multi-Institutional Analysis of 941 Cases

<div><p>Background</p><p>Glioblastoma can be classified into four distinct molecular subtypes (Proneural, Neural, Classical and Mesenchymal), based on gene expression profiling. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinicopathologic features and overall survival (OS) of the four molecular subtypes among all malignant gliomas.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A total of 941 gene expression arrays with clinical data were obtained from the Rembrandt, GSE16011 and CGGA datasets. Molecular subtypes were predicted with a prediction analysis of microarray.</p><p>Results</p><p>Among 941 malignant gliomas, 32.73% were Proneural, 15.09% Neural, 19.77% Classical and 32.41% Mesenchymal. The Proneural and Neural subtypes occurred largely in low-grade gliomas, while the Classical and Mesenchymal subtypes were more frequent in high-grade gliomas. A survival analysis showed that the Proneural subtype displayed a good prognosis, Neural had an intermediate correlation with overall survival, Mesenchymal had a worse prognosis than Neural, and Classical had the worst clinical outcome. Furthermore, oligodendrocytomas were preferentially assigned to the Proneural subtype, while the Mesenchymal subtype included a higher percentage of astrocytomas, compared with oligodendrocytomas. Additionally, nearly all classical gliomas harbored EGFR amplifications. Classical anaplastic gliomas have similar clinical outcomes as their glioblastoma counterparts and should be treated more aggressively.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Molecular subtypes exist stably in all histological malignant gliomas subtypes. This could be an important improvement to histological diagnoses for both prognosis evaluations and clinical outcome predictions.</p></div

The prevalence and clinical features of the molecular subtypes in glioblastomas.

<p>The prevalence and clinical features of the molecular subtypes in glioblastomas.</p

The prevalence and clinical features of the molecular subtypes in all malignant gliomas.

<p>(A) Distribution of the TCGA molecular subtypes in all malignant gliomas; (B) survival analysis according to the TCGA molecular subtypes in all malignant gliomas.</p

The prevalence and clinical features of molecular subtypes in anaplastic gliomas.

<p>(A) astrocytomas, (B) oligoastrocytomas and (C) oligodendrocytomas.</p

The prevalence and clinical features of the molecular subtypes in low-grade gliomas.

<p>(A) astrocytomas, (B) oligoastrocytomas and (C) oligodendrocytomas.</p