Preference variation in volunteering decisions: public goods and private benefits

We use data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) to explain the amount of time invested in volunteering in eight European countries. Direct information on motivations adds to the explanation over and above the effect of socio-demographic variables. The results for specific motivations are in line with the predictions from rational choice theory. While larger levels of ‘warm glow’ and ‘instrumental’ motivations lead to more frequent volunteering, the influence of the ‘public good’ motivation on volunteering frequency is found to be negligible.Volunteering, Motivations, Warm glow, Public good.

Preference variation in volunteering decisions: public goods and private benefits.

We use data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) to explain the amount of time invested in volunteering in eight European countries. Direct information on motivations adds to the explanation over and above the effect of sociodemographic variables. The results for specific motivations are in line with the predictions from rational choice theory. While larger levels of ‘warm glow’ and ‘instrumental’ motivations lead to more frequent volunteering, the influence of the ‘public good’ motivation on volunteering frequency is found to be negligible.Volunteering; Motivations; Warm glow; Public good;

The Effects of Higher Education on Socioeconomic Mobility: A Comparative Analysis of Outcomes at Bucknell University

Income inequality and the lack of higher-education opportunities across the United States often correlate with families\u27 socioeconomic status. In this honors thesis, the following questions will be examined: How does the social mobility of Bucknell Students compare with students from other national universities? How do a student’s race and financial aid status affect their ability to achieve social mobility? How has the rate of social mobility through Bucknell changed in recent years? How does a student’s current family socioeconomic status affect their ability to achieve high-income success upon graduation? Does the level of accessibility to Bucknell change when socioeconomic status and race are analyzed? What lessons can we learn from countries with high levels of social mobility and economic equality? By utilizing national university data from Opportunity Insights and data from Bucknell University’s Offices of Admissions, Registrar, and Financial Aid, this paper examines the ability of higher education institutions to promote social mobility for low-income students. This study finds that the ability for students to achieve high levels of economic success is relatively consistent among all students attending an elite institution. However, the low rates of social mobility at elite institutions are due to the limited number of low-income students admitted to the University. Further, this study finds that the ability to increase accessibility through generous financial aid support can significantly impact a university and a country’s ability to promote economic equality. The results indicate strong relationships between financial aid programs, college access, and social mobility, therefore supporting potential policy interventions that devote more attention to providing low-income students financial aid to increase their ability to apply and attend college and achieve upward mobility upon graduation

Trauma-Informed Teaching Practices Post-COVID: A Classroom Action Project

Out of recognition of experienced trauma, trauma-informed practices have existed in schools and classrooms long before the start of the pandemic and will continue to exist and evolve after. Programs need to evolve due to the changing nature of the pandemic such as the possibility of teachers experiencing trauma alongside their students, and distance learning complicating the ability of students to make connections with peers, teachers, and administrators. Limited literature currently exists in the field showcasing how teachers have changed and updated their practices since the start of the pandemic. The objective of this action research is to add to that literature by implementing a daily check-in routine which acknowledges the possibility of shared trauma in the classroom. Students will have the opportunity to check-in about their well-being and have a dedicated time to share information with me, their teacher, that they find relevant to their learning. The themes of safety, connection, and emotional regulation are common in trauma-informed practices and another goal of this action research is to evaluate whether this practice can provide them. Finally, as the trauma of the pandemic is not isolated to students only, I would also like to identify whether this routine can be used to better inform my own teaching and ability to connect my students with additional support

Three Phases of Chinese Political Translation after 1949: Similarities and Differences

This study aims to explore the changes in translation of political discourse after P.R. China was established in 1949. It also explores the possible factors that had the most impact on these changes. To that end, official political discourse after the establishment of China is divided into 3 phases in terms of political leadership: under Mao Zedong (1949-1976), under Deng Xiaoping (1978-1991) and under Jiang Zemin (1991- 2008). The official translation of selected works of these three political leaders is examined in detail accordingly. As the major theoretic framework in researching political discourse, Critical Discourse Analysis is drawn on to analyse the translation and translation practices in these three phases. Political documents in different genres by these leaders and their translations are analysed in relation to the political and social-cultural background and the major influential translation theories in each historical phase. The analysis of political discourse translation for these three phases reveals that the translation of Mao’s work is endowed with Mao’s personal cult and class struggle so the translation is very faithful to the original, whereas the translation of Deng’s works are more flexible and target culture-oriented due to the political ideology of the time. The political ideology of Jiang’s time also influenced the translation of Jiang’s work. While it is still target culture and target language oriented, it becomes more flexible in its form and still serves the political ideology of Jiang’s time. It is concluded that although the translation of political discourse is very much bound to the political ideology and the sociocultural context of each phase, the translation and translation practice in each phase differ significantly due to other factors such as the translators and the translation theories influential in each historical phase

High anion gap metabolic acidosis caused by D-lactate: mind the time of blood collection

Introduction: D-lactic acidosis is an uncommon cause of high anion gap acidosis. Materials and methods: A 35-year old woman was admitted to the emergency room with somnolence, drowsiness, dizziness, incoherent speech and drunk appearance. Her past medical history included a Roux-en-Y bypass. Point-of-care venous blood analysis revealed a high anion gap acidosis. Based on the clinical presentation, routine laboratory results and negative toxicology screening, D-lactate and 5-oxoprolinuria were considered as the most likely causes of the high anion gap acidosis. Urine organic acid analysis revealed increased lactate, but no 5-oxoproline. Plasma D-lactate was < 1.0 mmol/L and could not confirm D-lactic acidosis. What happened: Further investigation revealed that the blood sample for D-lactate was drawn 12 hours after admission, which might explain the false-negative result. Data regarding the half-life of D-lactate are, however, scarce. During a second admission, one month later, D-lactic acidosis could be confirmed with an anion gap of 40.7 mmol/L and a D-lactate of 21.0 mmol/L measured in a sample collected at the time of admission. Main lesson: The time of blood collection is of utmost importance to establish the diagnosis of D-lactic acidosis due to the fast clearance of D-lactate in the human bod

Educational paper: Syndromic forms of primary immunodeficiency

The syndromic primary immunodeficiencies are disorders in which not only the immune system but also other organ systems are affected. Other features most commonly involve the ectodermal, skeletal, nervous, and gastrointestinal systems. Key in identifying syndromic immunodeficiencies is the awareness that increased susceptibility to infections or immune dysregulation in a patient known to have other symptoms or special features may hint at an underlying genetic syndrome. Because the extraimmune clinical features can be highly variable, it is more difficult establishing the correct diagnosis. Nevertheless, correct diagnosis at an early age is important because of the possible treatment options. Therefore, diagnostic work-up is best performed in a center with extensive expertise in this field, having immunologists and clinical geneticists, as well as adequate support from a specialized laboratory at hand. This paper provides the general pediatrician with the main clinical features that are crucial for the recognition of these syndromes