Discrete-Time Chaotic-Map Truly Random Number Generators: Design, Implementation, and Variability Analysis of the Zigzag Map

In this paper, we introduce a novel discrete chaotic map named zigzag map that demonstrates excellent chaotic behaviors and can be utilized in Truly Random Number Generators (TRNGs). We comprehensively investigate the map and explore its critical chaotic characteristics and parameters. We further present two circuit implementations for the zigzag map based on the switched current technique as well as the current-mode affine interpolation of the breakpoints. In practice, implementation variations can deteriorate the quality of the output sequence as a result of variation of the chaotic map parameters. In order to quantify the impact of variations on the map performance, we model the variations using a combination of theoretical analysis and Monte-Carlo simulations on the circuits. We demonstrate that even in the presence of the map variations, a TRNG based on the zigzag map passes all of the NIST 800-22 statistical randomness tests using simple post processing of the output data.Comment: To appear in Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing (ALOG

Mars surface based factory. Phase 2, task 1C: Computer control of a water treatment system to support a space colony on Mars

In a continued effort to design a surface based factory on Mars for the production of oxygen and water, a preliminary study was made of the surface and atmospheric composition on Mars and determined the mass densities of the various gases in the Martian atmosphere. Based on the initial studies, oxygen and water were determined to be the two products that could be produced economically under the Martian conditions. Studies were also made on present production techniques to obtain water and oxygen. Analyses were made to evaluate the current methods of production that were adaptable to the Martian conditions. Even though the initial effort was the production of oxygen and water, it was found necessary to produce some diluted gases that can be mixed with the oxygen produced to constitute 'breathable' air. The conceptual design of a breathable air manufacturing system, a means of drilling for underground water, and storage of water for future use were completed. The design objective was the conceptual design of an integrated system for the supply of quality water for biological consumption, farming, residential and industrial use

Raising the Awareness of Somali Families: The Positive Impact of Dual Language Education on Student Success

Studies have found that dual language education is powerful for all learners and particularly essential for the success of first- and second-generation immigrant learners in the United States. The learning model enhances students’ academic achievement, school participation, and healthy identity development. Students proficient in both their heritage language and culture and their new homeland’s dominant culture and language are also more likely to gain higher upward mobility and enjoy advanced cognitive development. While the benefits of dual language education (DLE) are explicitly illustrated in the literature, there are currently no Somali dual language programs found to be existing in Minnesota schools despite the large presence of the immigrant community in the state. This professional development capstone uses Knowles’s androgogical framework to raise awareness of families on the benefits of DLE so they can promote the instructional model in their children’s schools. The intended participants are Somali families whose children attend schools in the Minneapolis/St. Paul metropolitan area. Limitations, implications, and reflections on effectuating Somali DLE programs in Minnesota are offered in this capstone

Can Islamic Banks Flourish in Somalia after 25 Years of the Collapse of the Country’s Entire Financial System?

The purpose of this study was to establish if Islamic banking can flourish in Somalia and role it can play to tackle financial exclusion in the country. Similarly, determining the best way of enhancing the chances of Islamic banks succeeding in Somalia and identifying the most suitable marketing tools for achieving these objectives were investigated. Our findings reveal that the introduction of Islamic banking is long overdue in Somalia given the country’s strong Islamic identity and the fact the only functioning institutions currently operating in the country are Hawala companies which only provide money remittance services. The results also reveal that the business community is in dire need for a well-functioning banking sector. However, majority of respondents were of the view there are severe institutional shortcomings including the absence of the rule of law that could severely impede the process unless properly addressed. Furthermore, results showed that Joint venture with International banks is the best banking model in this country due to lack of local expertise .Finally, the results revealed that online marketing tools and mobile systems can play a greater role in marketing Islamic banking products and services in Somalia. Keywords: Central Bank of Somalia, Hawala, Islamic banks in Somalia, Sharia compliant financ

Measuring factors affecting customer loyalty on Islamic banking deposit in Malaysia

The growth of Islamic banking assets in Malaysia shows a remarkable growth for the recent years. The total assets of Islamic banking have risen RM 469.5 billion with an average 24.2% growth per year. In spite of this phenomenal growth, Islamic banking only gain 20% of banking industry market share. In order to increase its market share, the Islamic banks must satisfy their customers. The purpose of the study is to determine factors that affecting customer loyalty on Islamic banking deposit. This study was conducted primary data collected through a questionnaire and email survey from Bank Islam customers in Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM). The study w as carried out by taking a sample of 2 17 respondents only 1 18 responses were further analysed by using SPSS software. The result revealed that customer satisfaction, perceived value, and trust have significant influence on customer loyalty on Islamic banking deposit. This study empirically contributes to the practical implication of Islamic banking managers in order to understand customer's anticipations. Managers of Islamic banks have to place prime the importance of customers by building these factors to enhance their customer's loyalty. Moreover, the study presented valuable information about the expansion and development of Islamic banks, as well as the market behaviour of Islamic banking customers in Malaysia. In order to increase Islamic banking market share in this modern customer-centric competitive arena, the bank has to satisfy and show value to their customers. Nevertheless, Islamic banking managers can formulate the strategies to retain their customers and attract new customer

The role of Islamic finance in tackling financial exclusion in the UK

Abstract The role of Islamic finance in tackling financial exclusion in the UK As the fundamental principles of Islamic finance are socio-economic justice and benevolence (Al-Adle Wal-ihsan), some commentators have raised serious questions about the social benefits that Islamic banks have brought to those on low incomes. This research involves an empirical study looking at the financial exclusion of less affluent UK Muslims before and since Shari’a compliant finance was introduced. The impact of the introduction of Islamic banking in enhancing the financial inclusion level of low income Muslims is assessed. The main findings of the research are that the majority of UK Muslims are financially excluded due to the absence of banking products that would meet their needs and would also comply with Shari’a. The research also found that although UK Muslims have a preference for Shari’a compliant finance, the Shari’a compliant financial products currently on offer did not significantly enhance their financial inclusiveness. According to the research findings, the main reasons for the low take-up of the existing Shari’a compliant financial products relate to the strong skepticism about the authenticity of such products. Similarly, affordability, acceptability and accessibility of these products remained a real cause for concern for most of the less affluent UK Muslims. The research concluded that the providers of Shari’a compliant finance need to redesign their current provision to make it more relevant to the financial services needs of the less affluent UK Muslim communities. The research further suggested that Islamic micro-financing schemes should be set up by mainstream financial institutions to cater for the financial services needs of the less affluent UK Muslims. Strong coordination between governmental institutions tackling financial exclusion, providers of Shari’a compliant financial products and local community developmental organizations was also recommended

The Impact Of Consumer Complaints Handling On Complainant Satisfaction And Behavioral Outcomes: A Study Among The Telephone Service Providers In Mogadishu, Somalia

Dalam persaingan industri perkhidmatan kini, pihak organisasi berusaha sedaya upaya menarik serta mengekalkan pelanggan masing-masing dalam usaha menjamin keselamatan serta pertumbuhan pasaran saham. In today’s competitive service industry, organizations are increasingly seeking to attract and retain customers in order to secure market shares and growth

Does Political Instability Hamper Exports? An Empirical Evidence from Somalia

The purpose of this study is to assess the role of political instability in exports in Somalia. An econometric method of ordinary least square (OLS) and a time series data spanning 1985-2017 has been utilized. The empirical results indicate that political instability hamper exports in Somalia. Furthermore, control variables employed for the study have produced different results. Exchange rate and economic growth significantly undermine exports in Somalia. But foreign direct investment is statistically insignificant. It is worth mentioning that the model is free from all diagnostic tests such as, serial correlation, heteroskedasticity, model specification, normality, and multicollinearity. The study suggests several policy recommendations. First, deescalating the civil conflicts and implementing policies towards united and general accepted level of political agreements would attract both domestic and foreign investors which promote exports and domestic production

What Are the Factors Creating Poverty in Africa and Their Alleviations?

The previous poverty studies in Africa emphasized per capita GDP and economic growth to analyze poverty, and results varied across datasets. Unlike that, this study focuses on human poverty through analyzing the role of culture, government, politics, and economy in creating poverty and its reduction in using data sourced from AFDB (1997-2007). The Paper Applied the panel method and other techniques; the study finds that (1) an increase in family size increases poverty substantially while education remains the best mechanism for reducing both poverty and population growth that will enhance the quality of life. (2) The study also reveals that gender inequality and political stability have a considerable impact on human poverty in Africa. Keywords: Poverty, Education, Capital Formation, Gender Inequality, Population Growth, Unemployment Rate, political stability. DOI: 10.7176/JESD/13-20-10 Publication date:October 31st 202