The Way Forward: From Sanctions to Supports

The New York City Working Group on School Transformation brought together education practitioners, school reformers, policy-makers, advocates, and parent and student leaders to propose alternatives to the school closings policy of the New York City Department of Education (DOE). (See the list of Working Group members in Appendix 1.) The group was initiated by the New York City Coalition for Educational Justice and coordinated by the Annenberg Institute for School Reform following the fall 2011 conference Effective Alternatives to School Closings: Transforming Struggling Schools in New York City. This report presents the Working Group's conclusions about the limitations of school closings and a set of recommendations for systemic responses to the needs of struggling schools

REST PERIOD FOR PEAK TORQUE RECOVERY DURING ISOKINETIC TESTING

The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of females during isokinetic testing when counterbalancing the rest periods between sets. Twelve female subjects were recruited and tested on 4 separate occasions. A 4 X 5 repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data (p < .05). There were no significant differences between rest periods or velocities as measured in peak torque values. Although peak torque values did not differ significantly it was evident that longer rest periods provided more similar peak torque values across velocities

REPRODUCIBILITY OF CONCENTRIC AND ECCENTRIC PEAK TORQUE IN FEMALES

The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of female subjects to reproduce peak torque during concentric and eccentric muscle contractions as measured by a CYBEX NORM isokinetic dynamometer. Twenty female subjects were tested using a knee extension protocol (both concentric and eccentric) at velocities of 60 and 120 deg/sec with a 30 sec rest between each repetition and a 1 min rest between velocity sets. ANOVA results indicated a significant interaction between velocity and order effect (4.47,

COMPARISON OF PEAK TORQUE VALUES WHEN USING REST PERIODS COUNTERBALANCED WITHIN AND BETWEEN VELOCITY SETS

The purpose of this study was to investigate the peak torque of two groups of females performing isokinetic tests in which one group of eleven females had rest periods counterbalanced within the velocity set while a group of twelve females had rest periods counterbalanced between velocity sets. The subjects were tested on 4 separate occasions with gravity correction incorporated in all tests. A 2 x 4 x 5 repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data (p < .05). There were no significant differences between rest periods, velocities, or significant interactions. Although, there were significant differences between the groups, those differences seem to be consistent and not affected by rest periods

Elder Abuse in Rural & Remote Communities: Social Policy, Prevention and Responses

Elder abuse prevalence in rural and remote communities is thought to be similar to that of urban areas. However, factors such as geographic isolation, service and support limitations, and issues around privacy and confidentiality may hinder response efforts in these communities. This article reports the findings of an international scoping literature review focussed on social policy, prevention, and service responses to elder abuse in rural and remote communities. Through literature scoping, stakeholder consultations, and three rounds of screening, 47 articles were identified for inclusion in the review. Four Australian elder abuse policy documents, and 14 types of prevention or service responses were identified in the literature, including several Indigenous-specific initiatives. The review highlighted the need for meaningful inclusion of rural and remote communities in elder abuse policy, as well as the importance of community consultation and consideration of the local context in developing prevention and responses for these communities

Elder Abuse in Rural & Remote Communities: Social Policy, Prevention and Responses

Elder abuse prevalence in rural and remote communities is thought to be similar to that of urban areas. However, factors such as geographic isolation, service and support limitations, and issues around privacy and confidentiality may hinder response efforts in these communities. This article reports the findings of an international scoping literature review focussed on social policy, prevention, and service responses to elder abuse in rural and remote communities. Through literature scoping, stakeholder consultations, and three rounds of screening, 47 articles were identified for inclusion in the review. Four Australian elder abuse policy documents, and 14 types of prevention or service responses were identified in the literature, including several Indigenous-specific initiatives. The review highlighted the need for meaningful inclusion of rural and remote communities in elder abuse policy, as well as the importance of community consultation and consideration of the local context in developing prevention and responses for these communities

REST PERIOD FOR STRENGTH RECOVERY DURING ISOKINETIC TESTING

The purpose of this study was to replicate the testing protocol used by Parcell, Sawyer, Valmor, Tricoli and Chinevere (2002) with a female population to determine whether females had the same recovery responses as males when performing isokinetic tests. Eleven female subjects were recruited and tested on 4 separate occasions. A 4 X 5 repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data (p < .05). There were no significant findings. The conclusions were that the females in the study did not understand maximal force production, peak torque averages don't provide the same information as the highest peak torque per set, or the females need more time to become attenuated to the testing apparatus

BILATERAL STRENGTH TESTING IN DOMINANT AND NON-DOMINANT PLANT LEG IN SOCCER PLAYERS

The purpose of this study was to examine bilateral dynamic strength differences of the knee flexors and extensors in both the dominant and non-dominant plant legs (PL) in NCAA Division III collegiate players. Sixteen male and female soccer players participated in the study. The strength of the knee flexors and extensors of both dominant and non-dominant PL was measured using a CYBEX NORM isokinetic dynamometer at 60, 120, and 180 deg/sec with a 1-minute rest between each velocity set. Dependent t-test (alph